{"title":"Anti-Cancer Properties of Nicotinic Cid-Alpha Linolenic Acid Derivative on A375 Melanoma Cell Line: Assessment of Apoptosis and WNT Signaling Pathways","authors":"Hamide Malikhan, E. Torbati, A. Majd, N. Gheibi","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.89494.1530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.89494.1530","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malignant melanoma is aggressive skin cancer whose survival rate is extremely low. Commencing apoptosis is believed to be a significant issue in cancer treatment and targeting the apoptosis and WNT signaling pathways, which is probably a potentially successful strategy to overcome tumor plasticity in melanoma. \u0000Method: We conducted the present in vitro study to investigate anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of Nic-ALA, as a new compound, on A375 melanoma cell line using MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The gene expression profiles of the cancer cells were obtained for Bcl-2 and Bax as the main genes of the apoptosis signaling pathway and WIF1 and beta-catenin genes from the WNT signaling pathway with qRT-PCR. \u0000Results: Nic-ALA's cytotoxicity on A375 melanoma cell line from MTT assay was obtained with IC50 166.7, 144.2, and 146.1µM. This novel derivative induced 11.3, 46.1, and 85.7% of apoptosis in 24, 48, and 72h time points, respectively. In the treated cells, the expression of Bax, beta-catenin, and WIF1 genes increased while the expression of Bcl-2 decreased significantly at 200µM concentration and the treated times of 48 and 72h. \u0000Conclusion: The anti-proliferation of Nic-ALA at a lower value than what we found in nicotinic acid alone represented the higher bioavailability and transport efficiency of this novel derivative through A375 melanoma cell line. Its antipoetic effects were obtained by increasing the apoptosis rate and expression of the Bax gene and reducing Bcl-2 gene expression. Up-regulation of WIF1 and beta-catenin in the WNT signaling pathway emphasized Nic-ALA's anti-cancer effect on A375 melanoma cell line.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47813461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Obesity on Breast Cancer","authors":"N. Ibrahim, S. Talima, D. Naguib","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.84963.1249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.84963.1249","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity is linked with a high risk of breast cancer and affects prognosis as it is correlated with different molecular subtypes. Method: All breast cancer patients referred to Kasr Alainy Oncology Center of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine (NEMROCK) from 2004 to2014 were recruited in this retrospective study. They were divided into three groups according to body mass index (BMI):non-obese (BMI <30), obese (BMI 30-34.9) and severely obese (BMI ≥35). Results: There were 950 breast cancer patients with a median follow up of 4.2 years. The mean age was 50.1 years, and BMI was assessed in 760 cases. Obesity was observed in63.29% of the cases (23.82% obese and 39.47%severely obese). There was a statistically significant difference between non-obese and severely obese patients as regards age (52 vs. 48 years, P 30 had a worse mean overall survival (OS) (80, 88, and 102.5months in obese, severely obese and non-obese patients, respectively, P=0.019); however, this did not affect the disease-free survival (P= 0.40). In multivariate analysis, the factors that also had a significant effect on OS were lymph node stage (P=<0.001; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0.07-0.46), BMI (P =0.001; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0.14-0.61), and hormonal treatment (tamoxifen alone, P=0.001; OR: 1; 95%CI: 1.4-16.4). Conclusion: Severe obesity (BMI >35) had a poor OS with no influence on disease-free survival.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41546364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Utility of Serum HER-2/ neu in Prediction of Tissue HER-2 /neu Status of Primary Breast Cancer","authors":"M. Mokhtari, M. H. Khosravi","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.84845.1234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.84845.1234","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of biomarkers has become increasingly important in the diagnosis and treatment of several malignancies, including breast cancer. Among the established biomarkers, receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (HER-2/ neu) has been found to be of a predictive and prognostic role in breast cancer patients. \u0000Method: 94 patients with primary breast cancer were enrolled in our prospective study between 2016 and 2017. 5 cc clot blood samples were taken for serum HER-2/neu testing at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer. The patients’ demographic data, tumor characteristics, including tumor size, tumor grade, presence of lymph node involvement, and stage, hormone receptor, and tissue HER-2/neu status of the subjects were recorded following tumor removal. \u0000Results: All of them were female with the age range of 27 to 80 years (the mean of age was 49.66. 36 patients (38.3%) had positive tissue HER-2 results and 58 patients (61.7%) had negative results. In those with high level serum HER-2 ECD, 28(77.7%) had positive tissue HER-2 and 8(22.2%) had negative results. Moreover, in the patients with low level serum HER-2 ECD, 8(13.7%) had positive tissue HER-2 and 50(86.2%) had negative results with the sensitivity of 77.7% and specificity of 86.2%. HER2 ECD levels were highly concordant with tissue HER2 status, with a P value of less than 0.001, which was considered to be statistically significant. Among different clinic –pathologic variables, serum and tissue HER-2/nu were significantly correlated with only tumor grade. \u0000Conclusion: A significantly increased release of HER2 ECD levels may accurately predict tumor HER2 status as detected with IHC and/or in situ hybridizations studies.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45748775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma in a Patient Receiving Long-Term Panniculitis Treatment: A Case Report","authors":"S. Barut, C. Işık","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.84915.1243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.84915.1243","url":null,"abstract":"Subcutaneous panniculitis-like t-cell lymphoma (SPTL) is known as a rare type of cutaneous lymphoma characterized with penetration of neoplastic T cells to the subcutaneous tissue. It constituates less than 1% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. We described herein a 49-year-old woman with SPTL who presented with red-purple-colored persistent subcutaneous nodules disseminated on trunk and both extremities. The lesions were present for 15 years. She had been diagnosed as panniculitis and her lesions had not regressed with panniculitis treatment. SPTL was diagnosed due to histopathological examination of the lesions that revealed CD3 positive, CD8 positive, CD4 negative and CD56 negative atypical lymphoid infiltration with lobular and septal panniculitis-like pattern. SPTL must be always kept in mind as a differential diagnosis while examining biopsies of patients with panniculitis-like lesions resistant to long-term treatment. It is also important to remember that the biopsy material should be in such depth that involves subcutaneous fat tissue.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45268062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Navid Mohseni, A. Maboudi, A. Baghestani, A. Hajifathali, A. Saeedi
{"title":"A Cure Rate Survival Model after Stem Cell Transplantation for Relapsed or Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients","authors":"Navid Mohseni, A. Maboudi, A. Baghestani, A. Hajifathali, A. Saeedi","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.88135.1461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.88135.1461","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the best curable malignancies. Randomized controlled studies have validated the benefit of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) for patients with relapsed or primary refractory HL. This analysis aimed to identify significant prognostic factors on the recurrence of the disease after HSCT applying a cure rate model. \u0000Method: In this retrospective cohort study, there were 92 patients with HL who underwent HSCT from 2007 to 2014 with 18 months of follow-up in Tehran, Iran. The survival time was set as the time interval between transplantation and the recurrence of HL. In addition, we utilized hyper-Poisson distribution as discrete frailty to account the unobserved heterogeneity and random effects. \u0000Results: In noncured cases, the mean of survival time was 318 (95% confidence interval, 144-493) days. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 88.9%, 83.4%, and 80.7%, respectively. A significant association was observed between the cured patients and the variables such as age, the experience of pre-transplantation relapse, hemoglobin (Hb), mononuclear cells (MNCs), and body surface area (BSA) at the time of transplantation. \u0000Conclusion: The study concluded that less than 30 years of age, a high level of Hb (g/dl), a low level of MNCs and BSA (m2), and the absence of pre-transplantation experience of relapse were associated with better survival following HSCT. Based on this study, post-transplant consolidation therapies could be considered for the treatment of HL patients after HSCT.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43271806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahra Sadin, A. S. Pashaki, E. Khanlarzadeh, M. Gholami, S. Nikzad
{"title":"Overall Survival in Esophageal Cancer Based on Type, Anatomical Location, and Site of Metastasis","authors":"Zahra Sadin, A. S. Pashaki, E. Khanlarzadeh, M. Gholami, S. Nikzad","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.89541.1531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.89541.1531","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The current study aimed to determine the trends in esophageal cancer (EC) patients and examine the impact of the type and anatomical location of the tumor and the site of metastasis on their survival. \u0000Method: In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated 305 patients with a definitediagnoses of EC, who had been hospitalized at the Mahdie Hospital of Hamadan, Iran, during ten years from 2005-2015. EC-related survival considering different types and locations of the tumor, as well as the sites of metastasis, was evaluated. Survival was calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves and a multivariable Cox regression analysis (MVA) was performed. \u0000Results: Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 76.6% of the patients, and 23.4% had adenocarcinoma (AC). There was a significant relationship between the location and pathological type of tumor; 87% of ACs happened in the lower part of the esophagus (P=0.015). The 1 to 5-year relative survival of the patients was 46%, 25%, 22%, 12%, and 7%, respectively. The rate of death in liver, lung, brain, pancreas, abdomen, and lymph nodes metastasis were respectively 42.9%, 21.4%, 14.3%, 7.1%, 7.1%, and 7.1%. No significant relationships were observed between the tumor type and metastasis (P=0.14) or between the tumor type and the location of metastasis (P=0.7). \u0000Conclusion: Similar to other reports, the rate of survival was higher in AC type, yet the rate of total survival in Iran was much lower than that in developed countries. There were no differences in the survival rate concerning the location of the tumor. The obrained results did not show any relationships among the tumor type, the location of metastasis, and the total survival.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48722597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Breast Self-Examination Practice among Female Undergraduate Students in Debre Tabor University, North Central Ethiopia: Based on Health Belief Model","authors":"Wubet Taklual, Aragaw Tesfaw, Maru Mekie, Tesfaneh Shemelis","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.84950.1245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.84950.1245","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We conducted the present study to assess the practice of breast self-examination (BSE) among Debre Tabor University female undergraduate students, north central Ethiopia using health belief model (HBM). \u0000Method: The current institution based cross-sectional study was carried out among a total of 341 students. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. We also used self-administered pretested questionnaires and constructs of health belief model for collecting data. Binary and multivariable logistic regression were utilized to identify BSE-associated factors. Statistical significance was stated at p value < 0.05. \u0000Results: Approximately 45% of the participants had a fair level of knowledge about breast cancer, but only 17% were actually performing BSE practice. The odds of practicing BSE were found to be higher among the participants who had information about BSE practice (AOR=7.21, 95% CI: (2.46, 21.15)), perceived susceptibility (AOR=14.18, 95% CI:(4.00, 50.48)), self-efficacy (AOR=3.07, 95% CI: (1.09, 8.70)), cue to action (AOR=3.68,95% CI: (1.17, 11.56)), and net benefit (AOR=7.75, 95% CI: (1.56, 38.55)) compared with counterparts. Whereas the odds of practicing BSE were found to be lower among those who had poor knowledge of BC (AOR=0.08, 95% CI: (0.03, 0.23)) compared with counterparts. \u0000Conclusion: In this study, knowledge regarding breast cancer and BSE practice was observed to be low. Knowledge about breast cancer, having information on BSE, perceived susceptibility, self-confidence, and cue to action were found to be independent predictors of BSE practice. Providing targeted information about BSE is the best method of changing the behavioral intention of university students about breast cancer and BSE practice.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44223865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fathima Almas, Anshul Singh, K. Sharan, S. Lewis, S. A. Reddy, Umesh Velu, P. Augustine
{"title":"Modern Radiotherapy for a Medieval Malady: An Analysis of Treatment Toxicities for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancers","authors":"Fathima Almas, Anshul Singh, K. Sharan, S. Lewis, S. A. Reddy, Umesh Velu, P. Augustine","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.84516.1235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.84516.1235","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Concurrent chemo-radiation has proven to be beneficial in a majority of patients with locally advanced head and neck cancers. Despite modern techniques of radiation delivery, the trade-off is acute and entails late toxicities for a considerable number of patients. Very few studies have reported the outcomes of these patients. We aimed to prospectively assess and report the toxicities of patients undergoing definitive chemo-radiation by the Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) for the treatment of advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. \u0000Method: This prospective observational study was conducted in a single tertiary care center over a period of two years. We recorded acute and late toxicities during and after the treatment of patients with locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer treated with definitive chemo-radiotherapy using VMAT. Chi square test and Fisher’s exact test were used for comparing the significance of outcome parameters with different variables. \u0000Results: 28 patients who met the inclusion criteria were taken up for analysis. The median age was 59 years. The median treatment time was 48 days. The mean dose to parotid, superior, and mid constrictors was 32, 45, and 64 Grays (Gy). At completion, 7% of the patients had grade 3 or more dermatitis, 4% had grade 3 or higher mucositis, and no patient had grade 3 or higher xerostomia. Five patients treated for hypopharynx cancer developed strictures. \u0000Conclusion: Our results showed that concurrent chemo-radiotherapy using VMAT is a promising method of treatment for advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell cancer with an acceptable toxicity profile.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46997796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Utami, Herdhana Suwartono, Erda Ayu Umami, Anggara Mahardika, Raymond Surya, Laila Nurana
{"title":"Management of Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor in Pregnancy in Limited Resource Setting: Case Report","authors":"T. Utami, Herdhana Suwartono, Erda Ayu Umami, Anggara Mahardika, Raymond Surya, Laila Nurana","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.84039.1195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.84039.1195","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian yolk sac tumor in pregnancy is a very rare case (<5%). The management could be very challenging since studies regarding the disease are very limited. This case report is written in order to report a rare case of yolk sac tumor in pregnancy and its management. A 29-year-old woman with a 16 weeks gestational age (WGA) in her first pregnancy presented in the Emergency Room with severe lower abdominal pain. Next, sheunderwent exploratory laparotomy, and a biopsy was performed, which indicated an ovarian yolk sac tumor. The patient was then given neoadjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel. The pregnancy resulted in an intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) baby, delivered on 33 WGA. The baby was delivered through C-section and the mother continued to undergo optimally debulked laparotomy, total hysterectomy, bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, and rectosigmoid tumor resection. In dealing with a rare case with limited resources, tailor-made management is required. The most ideal treatment may not be performed, but the clinician should be more adaptive in order for the patient to have a better outcome.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49568991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a National Consensus Minimum Data Set for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Cancer: Towards Precision Management","authors":"N. Akbari, R. Safdari, A. Mansourian, H. Ehtesham","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.87375.1414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.87375.1414","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to the complexity of prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment in the process of providing care for patients with oral cancer, a large amount of data elements have been processed. The present study was conducted to provide a minimum data set for managing the data generated in the diagnosis and treatment processes of oral cancer by reviewing the specialized literature, medical records and by gathering expert opinions. Method: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study with the following steps: reviewing texts and records, developing a draft of data elements, organizing a panel of experts, Delphi techniques, and creating a final pattern. Results: The framework proposed in this study for managing the data generated in the diagnosis and treatment processes of oral cancer was divided into six sections: management data with four-axis, historical data with four-axis, paraclinical indicators with two-axis, clinical indicators, data related to the therapeutic measures, and mortality data. Conclusion: The systematic collection of the data associated with the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with oral cancer could provide a good basis for identifying patients or those who are susceptible to this type of cancer in the community. These data can also be used in programs to prevent the development and/or emergence of the disease, thus the health of the community.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45670874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}