{"title":"Bioinformatics Analysis of TIMP1, HK2 and IGFBP7 as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets of Paclitaxel Resistance in Breast Cancer","authors":"A. Hermawan, Herwandhani Putri","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.83217.1147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.83217.1147","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Paclitaxel is widely used as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of breast cancer, yet its effectiveness decreases due to resistance problems. We conducted the present study to identify the potential paclitaxel resistance biomarkers and therapeutic targets in breast cancer employing bioinformatics approach. Methods: The present systematic bioinformatic study included a microarray data obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database, which are respectively cell lines and tumor data from patients. We carried out Gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes, and Genome pathway enrichment analysis with The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated. The protein-protein interaction network was analyzed with STRING-DB and visualized with Cytoscape. We confirmed of the reliability of the hub genes in paclitaxel sensitive and resistant breast cancer cells utilizing ONCOMINE. The prognostic value of the hub genes was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Results: Gene ontology analysis revealed that differential expressed genes take part in cell adhesion, located in cellular component, and paly a negative role in the regulation of reactive oxygen species. The protein-protein interaction network analysis, confirmed with ONCOMINE and Kaplan Meier survival, revealed three hub genes (TIMP1, HK2 and IGFBP7). Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes and Genome pathway enrichment analysis revealed the regulation of HIF-1 signaling pathway. Kaplan Meier survival plot showed that patients with high mRNA of TIMP1, HK2, and IGFBP7 had significantly worse overall survival than those in the low expression level group. Conclusion: TIMP1, HK2, and IGFBP7 are not only biomarkers, but also potential targets to circumvent paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43780251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mosalaei, Majdaddin Rajaei, H. Nasrollahi, Seyed Hasan Hamedi, S. Omidvari, N. Ahmadloo, M. Ansari, M. Mohammadianpanah
{"title":"A Comparison of Early Side-Effects of Short Course and Long Course Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer","authors":"A. Mosalaei, Majdaddin Rajaei, H. Nasrollahi, Seyed Hasan Hamedi, S. Omidvari, N. Ahmadloo, M. Ansari, M. Mohammadianpanah","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.83111.1133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.83111.1133","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The variety of neoadjuvant treatments concerning rectal cancer has led to acute complications. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the acute complications of short-term (SC) and long-term (LC) radiotherapy. \u0000Methods: We studied 100 patients suffering from rectal cancer, who referred to Nemazee Hospital before their surgery, in this cross-sectional study. The patients were divided into two categories: SC (25 grays radiotherapy at 5 fractions in 5 days) and LC (chemo-radiotherapy with a dose of 45-50.4 grays in 25- 28 fraction in 5-6 weeks with concurrent Capecitabine (825 mg / m2) twice daily and five days a week). Subsequently, we evaluated them for acute complications in the SC group 10-14 days after the end of the treatment and in the LC group at intervals of the treatment, the end of it and 2 weeks afterwards. \u0000Results: In the LC group compared to the SC group, the percentage of patients with grade 1 diarrhea, grade 2 colitis and grade 1 cystitis at the end of the treatment was statistically different (P 0.05). \u0000 Conclusion: this study implied that there were no significant differences regarding severe acute complication between the two groups.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46305552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sahar Safaei, D. Shanehbandi, V. Zafari, E. Eghbali, Mahsa Sadeghzadeh, Haniye Mohammad Reza Khani, Amin Sadrazar, Masood Faghihdinevari, M. Shirmohamadi
{"title":"Evaluation of miR-107, DAPK1 and KLF4 Expression in Colorectal Tumors and Effect of Oxaliplatin and 5-FU on their Levels in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines","authors":"Sahar Safaei, D. Shanehbandi, V. Zafari, E. Eghbali, Mahsa Sadeghzadeh, Haniye Mohammad Reza Khani, Amin Sadrazar, Masood Faghihdinevari, M. Shirmohamadi","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.83091.1131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.83091.1131","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In recent years, the role of micro-RNAs in the cancer pathophysiology has attracted a great deal of scientific attention. MiRNAs regulate a variety of cellular functions, such as apoptosis, differentiation and migration by targeting oncogenic or tumor suppressor genes. We conducted the current study to assess the expression of miR-107, KLF4 and DAPK1 genes in malignant and normal colon tissues, and also CRC model cells exposed to oxaliplatin and 5-FU chemotherapy agents. \u0000Method: In this case-control study, the tissue samples from colorectal cancer patients were collected during colonoscopy process in 2013 -2016 at Imam Reza hospital. Subsequently, the expression levels of miR-107, KLF4 and DAPK1 were detected with quantitative Real-Time PCR. Furthermore, in the in vitro phase of this study, we investigated the changes in the expression level of miR-107, KLF4 and DAPK1 transcripts after oxaliplatin and 5-FU treatment. \u0000Results: Unlike miR-107, the expression levels of KLF4 and DAPK1 genes decreased in the tumor samples compared to those in the marginal specimens. In addition, both oxaliplatin and 5-FU significantly increased the expression level of miR-107. There were significant correlations between the expression levels of miR-107, KLF4 and DAPK1genes and clinicopathological features, for instance lymph node metastasis and cell differentiation. \u0000Conclusion: The current study suggested a tumor suppressor role for KLF4 and DAPK1 in colorectal cancer. The altered expression of miR-107, KLF-4 and DAPK1 genes in CRC tumors and healthy tissues could be utilized for CRC diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, the studied genes could be considered as potential therapeutic targets in CRC.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47178485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Breast Cancer Detection Using Optimization-Based Feature Pruning and Classification Algorithms","authors":"S. Raiesdana","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.85601.1294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.85601.1294","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early and accurate detection of breast cancer reduces the mortality rate of breast cancer patients. Decision making systems based on machine learning and intelligent techniques help detect lesions and distinguish between benign and malignant tumours. Methods: In this diagnostic study, a computerized simulation study was presented for breast cancer detection. A meta-heuristic optimization algorithm inspired by the bubble-net hunting strategy of humpback whales is employed to select and weight the most effective features, extracted from Microscopic breast Cytology images, and optimize a support vector machine classifier. Breast cancer dataset from UCI repository was utilized to assess the proposed method. Different validation techniques and statistical hypothesis tests (t-test and ANOVA) were used to confirm the classification results. Results: The accuracy, precision, and sensitivity metrics of the models were computed and compared. Based on the results, the integrated system with a radial basis function kernel was able to extract the fewest features and result in the most accuracy (98.82%). According to the tests, in comparison to genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), the WOA based system selected fewer features and yielded higher classification accuracy and speed. The statistical validation of the results further showed that this system outperformed the GA and PSO in some metrics. Moreover, the comparison of the proposed classification system with other successful systems indicated the former’s competitiveness. Conclusions: The proposed classification model had superior performance metrics, less run time in simulation, and better convergence behaviour owing to its enhanced optimization capacity. Use of this model is a promising approach to developing a reliable automatic detection system.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49215036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solitary Synchronous Pancreatic Metastasis from Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report","authors":"Shahram Ahmadi Somaghian, Sepideh Mirzaei, A. Aaliehpour, Yahya Baharvand Iran Nia","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.86963.1379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.86963.1379","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreas is an organ that is hardly affected by metastasis from other primary cancers; also, pancreatic metastasis from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an extremely infrequent entity. Metastatic esophageal cancer has a poor prognosis and the five-year survival rate is less than 5%. Here, we described a rare case of a 78-year-old woman presented with abdominal bloating, intermittent mild nausea, and loss of appetite and weight. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed ESCC in the upper part of esophagus. A mass lesion between the head and body of pancreas was detected during metastatic workup. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration was performed, morphologic features and immunohistochemistry confirmed metastatic SCC from esophagus. Definitive chemo-radiotherapy with curative intent was done on both oesophageal and pancreatic lesion. Interestingly, after nine months of treatment, the patient had no issues either in esophagus or in abdomen. In conclusion, local therapy could be considered as one of the best choices to improve the overall survival in ESCC with single metastasis to pancreas.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45232583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amirhosein Kefayat, Mohadeseh Yuosefzadeh, Parvin Goli, Alireza Babayi, A. Rezaei, N. Esmaeil
{"title":"Phycocyanin C a Natural Product with Impressive Therapeutic Efficacy for Inhibition of Breast Tumors’ Growth and Metastasis in Vivo","authors":"Amirhosein Kefayat, Mohadeseh Yuosefzadeh, Parvin Goli, Alireza Babayi, A. Rezaei, N. Esmaeil","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.83064.1130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.83064.1130","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Several studies have reported the anticancer effect of phycocyanin C, a natural extract isolated from the algae Arthrospira platensis. However, its therapeutic effects on the growth of breast cancer and its metastasis have not been determined yet. \u0000Methods: In this case-control study, we employed phycocyanin C for the treatment of 4T1 breast tumor as an applicable experimental animal model for human mammary cancer and metastasis. BALB/c mice were injected subcutaneously (s.c) into the 4th abdominal mammary fat pad with 1×106 4T1 cells. We randomly divided the mice into two groups; one group of mice were injected with PBS as the control, and the other group was intraperitoneally injected with phycocyanin C (80 mg/kg daily for 20 days). Tumor growth and metastasis were assessed in both groups. \u0000Results: Phycocyanin C significantly inhibited 4T1 breast tumors growth (P<0.05). The mean tumors volumes at the control group were 2.73 times higher than those of the treatment group. In addition, phycocyanin C treatment could significantly inhibit the formation of metastasis colonies at vital organs like spleen, liver, and lung. Moreover, the survival rate of the tumor-bearing mice increased after about 22 days by phycocyanin C treatment in comparison with the control. \u0000Conclusion: This is the first report demonstrating the anti-cancer effects of phycocyanin C on 4T1 breast tumor in vivo. Overall, our findings provided convincing evidence for the application of phycocyanin C as an anti-cancer therapeutic agent.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46956877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. N. Sabet, Saeideh Davar, Meysam Mosallaei, R. Salehi, Alireza Shaygannejad
{"title":"Multiple Associations of Clinicopathological Characteristics and Risk Factors of Colorectal Cancer in Iranian Population","authors":"M. N. Sabet, Saeideh Davar, Meysam Mosallaei, R. Salehi, Alireza Shaygannejad","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.87613.1426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.87613.1426","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer (CRC) could be diverse in different CRC patients groups. The present study aimed to analyze the association between clinicopathological characteristics and the risk factors in different CRC patients groups, which is categorized by sex, family history, age, and also primary tumor site in the Iranian CRC patients. \u0000Method: In this cross sectional study, we included 304 patients with CRC. The data of clinicopathological features were collected from documented pathology reports. Subsequently, we carried out multiple analyses to discover the association among these elements. \u0000Results: Our analysis demonstrated that there was a significant difference between males and females regarding the mean age at diagnosis, tumor locations, mean size of tumors, positive family history, smoking status, and physical activity (P <0.05). Out of all the patients, 22.4% had a positive family history of cancers. The patients with a positive family history just have lower mean age, BMI, and higher physical activity compared with patients without family history of cancers (P <0.001). 31.9% of the patients were in the age group of below 55 and 68.1% were in the age group of 55. The majority of our patients in 0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Gaining information about the association between clinicopathological characteristics and the risk factors in CRC could provide a better understanding of disease pathogenesis and consequently, improve the management of diseases.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41302789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. H. Shandiz, F. Afzaljavan, A. Tajbakhsh, Maryam Rivadeh, N. Sharifi, M. Shakeri, A. Pasdar
{"title":"Age-related Variation in Expression of Breast Cancer Tumour Markers in Iranian Patients","authors":"F. H. Shandiz, F. Afzaljavan, A. Tajbakhsh, Maryam Rivadeh, N. Sharifi, M. Shakeri, A. Pasdar","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.83033.1127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.83033.1127","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are believed to be several risk factors affecting the prognosis of breast cancer through their effect on the growth rate of tumour. In the present study, we investigated ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 and TP53 as well-known biomarkers, particularly in breast cancer prognosis, associated with age.Method: In a case-control study, 406 breast cancer patients were considered retrospectively. In order to extract the clinical and pathologic data, we employed the patients’ records. The extracted information was compared between two groups: for patients under 40 (group I), and above 40 years of age (group II). Herein, the researchers performed statistical analysis using SPSS Ver16.Results: The most prevalent type of cancer in both groups was found to be invasive ductal carcinoma. The major method of treatment was modified radical mastectomy. According to our observations, grade 3 breast cancer was more common in group I. Lymph node involvement significantly increased in group I while oestrogen and progesterone receptor expressions were less in this group. HER2, TP53 and Ki-67 oncogenes were overexpressed in group I compared to group II.Conclusion: Expression of HER2, TP53 and Ki-67 biomarkers and a reduction in the number of hormonal receptors in younger patients (<40YO) indicated that breast cancer might be more invasive in younger women with breast cancer and therefore, they might have poorer prognosis and less favourable outcomes.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44490359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Bolandi, M. Nakhaee, L. Shirinzadeh, A. Jafarian, B. Davachi, T. Zavari, Fatemeh Shirzadeh, Z. Yousefi
{"title":"Survival Rate of Non-epithelial Ovarian Tumors in Iran","authors":"S. Bolandi, M. Nakhaee, L. Shirinzadeh, A. Jafarian, B. Davachi, T. Zavari, Fatemeh Shirzadeh, Z. Yousefi","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.82925.1124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.82925.1124","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the overall survival and relapse free survival (RFS) of the non-epithelial ovarian tumors (NEOTs) of ovarian germ cell tumors (OGCT) and ovarian sex cord tumors (OSCT) in Iranian women; we also evaluated the relative prognostic factors. \u0000Method: In this retrospective study, we screened the documents of all the women diagnosed with OGCTs and OSCTs from 2012 to 2019. We further assessed the overall survival (OS), relapse free survival (RFS), and different prognostic factors. \u0000Results: A statistically significant association existed between RFS and stage of the disease at diagnosis in OSCTs group by univariate analysis and multivariate analysis (HR: 0.25 (95% CI (0.08-0.78), p-value: 0.01) and multivariate analysis (HR: 0.27 (95% CI (0.08-0.97), p-value: 0.04), respectively. The kaplan-meier analysis and the Log Rrank (Mantel-Cox) showed a statistically significant relationship between the stage at diagnosis and RFS in OGCT group (P-value=0.042). RFS was 96% for OGCT patients, and 92.7% for OSCT patients. During the follow-up, only one patient passed away in the dysgerminoma group; the OS rate was 98% for OGCT patients, and 100% for OSCT patients. \u0000Conclusion: The overall survival and RFS obtained in this study confirmed that the ovarian germ cell and sex cord malignancies were among the highly treatable solid tumors. Stage can be proposed as the main prognostic factor; also, larger series of studies are needed for detecting the prognostic significance of serum markers.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49357166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Elfeky, O. Harb, B. Shafaay, A. Obaya, Amr A. Awd, Mohamed M. Alkilany, L. Gertallah
{"title":"Prognostic and Clinicopathological Implications of NUSAP1, MELK and L1CAM Immunohistochemical Expression in Cervical Cancer","authors":"M. Elfeky, O. Harb, B. Shafaay, A. Obaya, Amr A. Awd, Mohamed M. Alkilany, L. Gertallah","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2020.82884.1115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2020.82884.1115","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Evaluation of cancer cervix prognosis is highly needed for novel targeted therapy and improved outcomes. Nucleolar and spindle associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) is a novel biomarker that has roles in spindle formation and mitotic progression. Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) is involved in cell cycle control and carcinogenesis. The L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1-CAM) plays an essential role in cell migration. This study aimed to investigate NUSAP1, MELK, and L1CAM immunohistochemical expression in cancer cervix tissues and detect their prognostic roles. Method: In this prospective cohort study, we evaluated NUSAP1, MELK, and L1CAM expressions of sections from 62 cervical carcinoma cases using immunohistochemistry. Results: NUSAP1, MELK, and L1CAM expression correlated with tumor high grade, advanced FIGO stage, poor survival rates, and higher recurrence rate after successful therapy (p <0.001). Conclusion: Expression of NUSAP1, MELK, and L1CAM in cancer cervix was associated with poor prognosis.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42498617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}