Middle East Development Journal最新文献_第2页

How does political risk matter for foreign direct investment into Arab economies? 政治风险对外国直接投资阿拉伯经济体有何影响？

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Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2023.2254190

Riadh Ben Jelili

{"title":"How does political risk matter for foreign direct investment into Arab economies?","authors":"Riadh Ben Jelili","doi":"10.1080/17938120.2023.2254190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17938120.2023.2254190","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present paper extends previous work by Burger et al. ([2016]. Risky business: Political instability and sectoral greenfield foreign direct investment in the Arab world. World Bank Economic Review, 30(2), 306–331. https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhv030) that has attempted to investigate empirically the impact of political instability on FDI flows into the Arab host region. Specifically, based on gravity model approach and annual panel dataset on bilateral FDI projects in Arab countries from 2003 to 2018 (12,240 projects), it explores the following research questions: how does a host country’s political instability and institutional fragility affect the bilateral inward FDI project? Is there any sectoral specificity to this impact if it exists? Which component of political risk poses the most threat for the foreign investor in a specific sector? The empirical investigation highlights the negative, significant and robust impact of perceived political risk in the Arab host-country. It also establishes that there is substantial heterogeneity in foreign investment reactions to political risk reflecting both differences in the component of political risk and sectoral characteristics.","PeriodicalId":43862,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Development Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48527266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of sanctions on household welfare and employment in Iran 制裁对伊朗家庭福利和就业的影响

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Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2023.2248697

D. Salehi-Isfahani

引用次数: 1

Tunisia’s economic development: why better than most in the Middle East but not East Asia authors: Mustapha K. Nabli and Jeffrey B. Nugent 突尼斯的经济发展：为什么比中东大多数国家都好，但不是东亚作者：穆斯塔法·K·纳布利和杰弗里·B·纽金特

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Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2023.2215158

Roberto Zagha

引用次数: 0

The tale of three public debt crises in Tunisia, Egypt, and the Ottoman Empire in the 1860s and 1870s 19世纪60年代和19世纪70年代突尼斯、埃及和奥斯曼帝国三次公共债务危机的故事

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Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2023.2206754

M. Nabli

{"title":"The tale of three public debt crises in Tunisia, Egypt, and the Ottoman Empire in the 1860s and 1870s","authors":"M. Nabli","doi":"10.1080/17938120.2023.2206754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17938120.2023.2206754","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper provides a comprehensive comparison of the experiences of debt accumulation and of the debt crises which took place within less than a decade during the second half of the nineteenth century in Tunisia, Egypt and the Ottoman Empire. The comparison covers the period from the 1850s to the 1880s, as the three countries were attempting to modernize and meet the challenges posed by the industrial revolution and the European expansion globally. They quickly faced financial constraints, increased their external borrowing and ran into crisis. These crises, which were triggered from 1867 to 1876, were part of the second wave of crises during the nineteenth century. The countries differed considerably in the way the crises were managed and resolved. In this context, based on available information, the paper provides a quantitative assessment of the debt burden and the various indicators of creditworthiness using constructed series on total GDP for the three countries for the period 1860–1884. This allows for a comparison of the full processes of debt accumulation, the triggering of the crises and their resolution. In doing so it brings together a wealth of data and information about the factors which impacted creditworthiness and capacity to service debt, relating to trade and fiscal revenues, which played a major role in determining the severity of the crises and the way they were resolved.","PeriodicalId":43862,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Development Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49635686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overeducation wage penalty for university graduates: evidence from the MENA region using machine learning techniques 对大学毕业生的过度教育工资惩罚:来自中东和北非地区使用机器学习技术的证据

IF 0.5

Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2023.2167482

O. Elamin

{"title":"Overeducation wage penalty for university graduates: evidence from the MENA region using machine learning techniques","authors":"O. Elamin","doi":"10.1080/17938120.2023.2167482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17938120.2023.2167482","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study estimates the causal effect of overeducation on wages using cross-sectional survey data from three countries in the Middle East and North Africa region. The Labour Market Panel Survey data from Jordan in 2016, Tunisia in 2014, and Egypt in 2012 and 2018 are used. Overeducation occurs when an individual works in a job that requires someone with less education. Our analysis focuses on employees with high school or college education in paid-wage jobs. Overeducation in the data is self-reported. Between 10% and 50% of the samples in the various countries are overeducated, with overeducation being more pronounced among high school than college-educated people. The novel causal forest method as well as the nearest neighbour and propensity score matching methods are used to estimate the over-education wage penalty. The overeducation job mismatch wage penalty is significant in both total wage and basic wage. The size of the penalty, however, varies considerably between the three countries and is negatively associated with the prevalence of overeducation in the job market in each country. The penalty in total wage ranges from 17% in Egypt in 2012 to approximately 50% in Tunisia. High school graduates have smaller penalties. We recommend policies such as conducting more active labour market programmes to reduce the stock of mismatched workforce, enhancing job search services to improve the quality of matching in new vacancies, and following strategies that motivate entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":43862,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Development Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46348133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who can work from home in MENA? 在中东和北非谁可以在家工作?

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Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2023.2200729

Shireen Alazzawi

{"title":"Who can work from home in MENA?","authors":"Shireen Alazzawi","doi":"10.1080/17938120.2023.2200729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17938120.2023.2200729","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the world economy. The need for social distancing, lockdowns, or complete curfews has meant that this impact varied significantly across segments of society. Those unable to work remotely, or who work in settings necessitating close contact with others faced a trade-off between their lives and livelihoods. This trade-off was especially pronounced early on during the pandemic when vaccines had not yet been developed, hospitals were overwhelmed and governments were resorting to strict social distancing measures to mitigate the impact on their already strained healthcare systems. In this study, I examine the extent to which jobs can be successfully performed remotely in five MENA countries: Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Palestine and Tunisia. I develop a teleworkability index using micro data on occupational characteristics. I find that relatively few jobs in MENA countries are compatible with teleworking and this share varies considerably by industry, gender, age and the formality of employment. I further investigate the ability to work from home in practice by considering the digital divide (a lack of reliable access to vital tools for teleworking, such as a personal computer and reliable internet access) as well as actual work from home behavior during the pandemic using real time surveys. I find that even for those who have high telework potential only few have access to computer and internet. Surveys conducted during the pandemic suggest that our measure of teleworkability was quite close to actual work from home behavior in each country.","PeriodicalId":43862,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Development Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45690625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do labor markets and the social contract increase female youth unemployment in the GCC countries? 劳动力市场和社会契约是否增加了海湾合作委员会国家的女性青年失业率?

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Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2023.2206759

Wasseem Mina

引用次数: 1

Globalization and obesity in the GCC countries 海湾合作委员会国家的全球化和肥胖问题

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Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2022.2160182

Z. El-Sahli

引用次数: 2

On the unfinished business of stabilization programs: a CGE model of Egypt 论稳定计划的未完事业:埃及的通用电气模式

IF 0.5

Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2023.2200727

City Eldeep, Chahir Zaki

{"title":"On the unfinished business of stabilization programs: a CGE model of Egypt","authors":"City Eldeep, Chahir Zaki","doi":"10.1080/17938120.2023.2200727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17938120.2023.2200727","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Several emerging economies have embarked on structural adjustment reform programs that focused more on short-run-oriented stabilization reforms. Yet, longer-term structural policies that can shift their potential GDP were not fully taken into consideration. Thus, this paper contributes to the literature in three ways. First, we contrast the effects of stabilization and allocation policies in order to examine to what extent they complement or substitute each other. Second, we analyze how the effects of such policies can differ in the short and long term and with different market structures (perfect vs. imperfect competition). Third, we develop a CGE model for Egypt that was subject to a recent reform program developed with the IMF. Our main findings show that stabilization reforms reduce economic growth by 2.5% in the short run. Yet, they positively affect it over time especially if they are accompanied by structural reforms. Indeed, the latter increase economic growth (of 8.6% in the long run). Furthermore, from a social perspective, stabilization reform deteriorates households’ welfare in the short run. Finally, we find that negative effects of stabilization and structural reforms are more pronounced under imperfect competition pointing out the importance of an effective competition policy.","PeriodicalId":43862,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Development Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47523730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of sand and dust storms on agriculture in Iraq 沙尘暴对伊拉克农业的影响

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Middle East Development Journal Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2023.2166748

H. Ahmadzai

引用次数: 0