2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)最新文献_第5页

Systems Engineering and Project Management: Points of Intersection, Overlaps, and Tensions 系统工程和项目管理:交叉点、重叠点和紧张点

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125348

J. W. Boswell, F. T. Anbari, John W. Via

{"title":"Systems Engineering and Project Management: Points of Intersection, Overlaps, and Tensions","authors":"J. W. Boswell, F. T. Anbari, John W. Via","doi":"10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125348","url":null,"abstract":"There are significant Points of Intersection and Overlaps between Project / Program Managers (PMs) and the Chief Systems Engineer (CSE) / Systems Engineers (SE). In some projects, the PM is the Technical Lead, or the CSE is the PM, regardless of Role, the project leader is responsible for project success through adherence to the \"Golden Triangle.\" However, if Roles and Responsibilities are not clearly defined early in the project lifecycle when both professions are present, this can lead to unproductive tensions between PMs and the CSE that can be an impediment to project / program performance. Key sources of unproductive tensions are the lack of integrated planning, lack of or unclear communications, unclear definition roles and authority, and conflicting practices between the two overlapping roles. We address relevant causes of unproductive tensions, highlight the importance of collaboration between project management and systems engineering, describe the points of intersection and overlaps in the core competencies between the disciplines, as described by their respective profession organizations (PMI & INCOSE), and explore the Overlaps between the educational curricula for an M.S. in Project Management and an M.S. in Systems Engineering. We then suggest promising practices for enhancing effective integration between the two disciplines with the aim of improving project and program performance.","PeriodicalId":438177,"journal":{"name":"2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128579377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Efficiency Assessment of the Social Capital Capacity on Entrepreneurial Activity: A Perspective Driven From Social Media 创业活动的社会资本能力效率评价:基于社交媒体的视角

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125317

Arash Hajikhani

{"title":"Efficiency Assessment of the Social Capital Capacity on Entrepreneurial Activity: A Perspective Driven From Social Media","authors":"Arash Hajikhani","doi":"10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125317","url":null,"abstract":"Innovation is the main engine of a sustained economic growth that leads to a vibrant economy. Meanwhile, the large and diverse array of participants and resources are constructing an ecosystem where the synergies contribute to ongoing innovation and flourish in a modern economy. One major dimension of a healthy innovation ecosystem is illustrated in the social-economical aspects of society known as entrepreneurship. Our research concern is to capture the efficiency of social capital capacity towards entrepreneurshiporiented activities in society at large. The approach is to look at the perspective in the form of an input and output where inputs are the governmental efforts for educating human capital in the society and the output is the entrepreneurial-oriented activities and desires. Special focus was given to social network services in order to capture entrepreneurial activity as well as leverage established reports in the country level performance benchmarking practices regarding innovation and entrepreneurship. The level of analysis is country level by looking at a sample of European countries. In order to assess the efficiency of input efforts to be transformed into output, a nonparametric method dominant in operation research and economics known as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has been utilized. Efficiency measures are calculated which generate a new scale and ranking accordingly, with an emphasis on efficiency rather than proficiency of social capital capacity.","PeriodicalId":438177,"journal":{"name":"2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131962449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Evolution of China's 3D Printing Technology Policy from the View of Policy Tool 政策工具视角下的中国3D打印技术政策演变

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125285

Junhuan Huo, Jingru Yin, Jian Zhang, Yun Liu, Xuanting Ye

引用次数: 1

Determining the Application Suitability of Agile Methods for Highly Interdependent Products 确定敏捷方法在高度依赖产品中的应用适用性

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125363

G. Schuh, M. Riesener, F. Diels

{"title":"Determining the Application Suitability of Agile Methods for Highly Interdependent Products","authors":"G. Schuh, M. Riesener, F. Diels","doi":"10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125363","url":null,"abstract":"Meeting heterogeneous customer requirements in short product life cycles with a variety of product functions is a significant challenge for manufacturing companies nowadays. So far, some of the requirements remain unknown until late stages of the product development project, which makes it more difficult to generate the right product features. This is mainly caused by volatilely changing customer expectations. One promising approach to address these challenges is the application of agile methods from the software industry to the development of physical products. Nevertheless, most companies are not able to adapt this approach and therefore adhere to plan-driven development methods. This is due to a lack of profound knowledge in transferring agile methods to the development of highly interdependent physical products. This paper aims at the presentation of a methodology, which determines the application suitability of agile methods for the development of highly interdependent products. Therefore, the type and degree of interdependencies between individual product scopes are analyzed. Based on this investigation and the application of Agile Indicators, an evaluation of development scopes regarding their suitability for agile development is derived. The developed methodology can be used to ensure the right degree of agility in physical product development. The applicability of the proposed methodology is shown with the practical case of a small manufacturer of electric cars.","PeriodicalId":438177,"journal":{"name":"2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)","volume":"308 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129187436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Configuration Options for Corporate Incubators: Development of a Description Model Using the Morphological Analysis Method 企业孵化器的配置选项:使用形态分析方法开发描述模型

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125319

G. Schuh, Felix Lau, R. Zimmermann, F. Vogt

{"title":"Configuration Options for Corporate Incubators: Development of a Description Model Using the Morphological Analysis Method","authors":"G. Schuh, Felix Lau, R. Zimmermann, F. Vogt","doi":"10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125319","url":null,"abstract":"Innovation is a catalyst for growth and competitiveness. Relying on conventional R&D activities to manage innovation, companies often fail at providing the necessary rates of innovation and developing truly radical innovations. To circumvent these problems, corporate incubators are designed to provide a separate development environment to accelerate innovation by integrating startups or providing internal project teams with resources, autonomy and work space. There are many options for designing a corporate incubator and align it to the company's strategic goals. However, no comprehensive models for the description of configuration options have been developed to date, resulting in a lack of knowledge in research and high failure rates in practice. The paper's objective is to close the knowledge gap by providing a validated, qualitative description model. For this purpose, morphological analysis is used to develop the model while the design parameters are derived drawing on an extensive analysis of literature and current business practice.","PeriodicalId":438177,"journal":{"name":"2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125333937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

How Do Innovation Capabilities of Industrial Cluster Evolve in the Context of E-Commerce?: A Case Study from China 电子商务背景下产业集群创新能力如何演化?:来自中国的案例研究

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125375

Chengrui Xiao, Zheng Gang

{"title":"How Do Innovation Capabilities of Industrial Cluster Evolve in the Context of E-Commerce?: A Case Study from China","authors":"Chengrui Xiao, Zheng Gang","doi":"10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125375","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of e-commerce conducted has grown exponentially as the development of internet. So far, some studies focus on the impacts of e-commerce on competitiveness on the level of enterprises. However, many researchers pay little attention to this topic on the industrial clusters level. The mechanisms between development of e-commerce and industrial clusters have not been discovered yet. As vital sources of national competiveness, industrial clusters play a pivotal role in the development of industry. In the context of e-commerce, some clusters can leverage the openness, ease of use, and transactional efficiencies it brings about to improve their innovation capabilities and subsequently improve the competitiveness. But some don't gain advantages from it. Because the fact that knowledge spillover and the motive of imitation, enterprises in industrial cluster has a high risk of product homogeneity and intense price competition. In the long run, their innovation capabilities may be impaired. This paper explores how different industrial clusters confront the new conditions and how their innovation capabilities evolve in the context of e-commerce using case from China.","PeriodicalId":438177,"journal":{"name":"2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120899725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Mechanisms of Disruptive Technological Change: Case Studies in Transformation of Traditional Industries 颠覆性技术变革的机制:以传统产业转型为例

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125297

Matti Sommarberg, S. Makinen

{"title":"Mechanisms of Disruptive Technological Change: Case Studies in Transformation of Traditional Industries","authors":"Matti Sommarberg, S. Makinen","doi":"10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125297","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the manuscript is to use grounded theory building method to investigate three industry contexts that show disruptive innovations based in digital technologies that change the dynamics in industry competition. Specifically, we investigate the mechanisms of disruption in these cases and seek common features of change. Our analysis builds on mechanisms as detecting actors, their properties, and start- and end-states of the system under change and activities of the actors that bring about the change. Our analysis shows common themes that are exhibited throughout all the cases. One of these mechanisms is de-coupling of traditional value chain activities. These de-coupling mechanisms are driven by the formation of innovation ecosystems rather than traditional value chains. This is further accelerated by the emergence of platforms and digital technologies at large. We propose, based on our results, some fundamental mechanisms that are driving industry transformation due to digitalization. We also discuss managerial and theoretical implications of our results in detail.","PeriodicalId":438177,"journal":{"name":"2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116074105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Delineating Translational Innovation Pathways for Nanomedical Research Using Tech Mining 利用技术挖掘描述纳米医学研究的转化创新途径

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125291

Jing Ma, Donghua Zhu, D. Farrell, Michael D. Chang, P. Grodzinski, Natalie Abrams, A. Porter

{"title":"Delineating Translational Innovation Pathways for Nanomedical Research Using Tech Mining","authors":"Jing Ma, Donghua Zhu, D. Farrell, Michael D. Chang, P. Grodzinski, Natalie Abrams, A. Porter","doi":"10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125291","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical translation of technological discoveries from bench to bedside has been a slow and incremental process. Capturing early events in technology development can provide key insights into the nature of biomedical innovation and its bottlenecks. The sheer volume of the available information, however, presents a significant barrier to a systematic assessment of current capabilities. Nanomedicine, which deals with medical applications of nanotechnology, perfectly exemplifies the challenges facing translational research. In this study, we have explored the feasibility of using a streamlined tech mining approach for identification of translational innovation pathways using observable markers found in research literature. The framework contains three sections: 1) extraction of feature terms from titles and abstracts; 2) tagging research articles with translational stages and application markers; and 3) analysis of topical changes, translational phases, and innovation pathways. We applied this strategy to analyze a set of 23,982 PubMed records that involved gold nanostructures (GNSs), which have been extensively studied in a wide range of biomedical applications. The studies were classified based on their intended clinical application, research field, disease, and translational stage. Our results have identified a significant increase in GNSs studies in the areas of cancer, therapeutic applications, and animal testing. Additionally, the tags along with feature terms were used to build innovation pathway maps for three types of biomedical applications: treatment, in vitro detection, or imaging. The framework described in this paper can be useful for academic researchers, funding agencies, as well as pharmaceutical and medical device companies to facilitate assessment of translational readiness and future research planning","PeriodicalId":438177,"journal":{"name":"2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122711638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the Impact of a Small Hydropower Generation Project on the Local Economy: The Case of Gokase Town, Miyazaki Prefecture 小型水力发电项目对地方经济的影响分析——以宫崎县谷谷寺镇为例

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125356

Yaeko Mitsumori

引用次数: 0

Common Sense Reasoning for Knowledge Integration 知识整合的常识推理

2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125458

M. Freiling, Daniel Sagalowicz

{"title":"Common Sense Reasoning for Knowledge Integration","authors":"M. Freiling, Daniel Sagalowicz","doi":"10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET.2017.8125458","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the field of Artificial Intelligence has made significant advances in building deep models of complex tasks. One area, however, that seems to have lagged behind is the domain of \"common sense reasoning.\" Much common sense reasoning research has defined the term in a way that requires deep models of everyday phenomena, making progress difficult. Common sense reasoning does not in itself need to be a deep process. It can be limited to a single task - integrating the knowledge provided by other models and information sources, focusing only on the dominant conditions identified by each model. To remedy these shortcomings, we propose an approach based on an architecture that we refer to as CS+CM, for \"Common Sense Plus Constituent Models\". In a CS+CM architecture, the common sense (CS) layer plays an integration role that only requires limited inferential capabilities. In addition, we propose concrete limits to representational and inferential capabilities, and identify the structural requirements for deeper models to support integration at the common sense layer. We illustrate this approach with examples in diverse areas of capital investment, team selection, and behavioral finance.","PeriodicalId":438177,"journal":{"name":"2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121737296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0