Open Linguistics最新文献_第6页

Interpreting unwillingness to speak L2 English by Japanese EFL learners 解释日本英语学习者不愿意说第二语言英语

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Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0227

Akiko Muroya

{"title":"Interpreting unwillingness to speak L2 English by Japanese EFL learners","authors":"Akiko Muroya","doi":"10.1515/opli-2022-0227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0227","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article reports on an empirical study investigating what makes Japanese learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) unwilling to speak English, regardless of their learning period, proficiency level, and location of the communication. The current study focuses on the self-perception of second language (L2) English abilities, anxiety, and interlocutors as possible causes of their unwillingness to speak L2 English, compared with first language (L1) Japanese. An online questionnaire was administered to 27 Japanese undergraduate students (age: 19–22) with non-English majors at a national university in Tokyo, Japan. The results show that the elements depressing the self-perception and willingness to speak are fundamental to managing human relationships in speaking situations, which have more impact on L2 English than L1 Japanese contexts. This is attributable to other-directedness, which has been discussed as being characteristic of Japanese and Chinese EFL learners. Furthermore, it appears plausible to assume that the other-directedness derives more from “considerations for others” than “face-saving.” Future work will further investigate what constitutes Japanese other-directedness, compared with Chinese EFL learners’.","PeriodicalId":43803,"journal":{"name":"Open Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48136504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors in sound change: A quantitative analysis of palatalization in Northern Mandarin 影响语音变化的因素：北方普通话腭化现象的定量分析

IF 0.8

Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0226

Shan Liu

引用次数: 0

Lexically driven patterns of contact in alignment systems of languages of the northern Upper Amazon 北部上亚马逊地区语言对齐系统中词汇驱动的接触模式

IF 0.8

Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0224

Rik van Gijn, Justin Case, M. Bruil, Simon A. Claassen, Karolina Grzech, Nora Julmi

引用次数: 0

Valency patterns of manner of speaking verbs in Croatian 克罗地亚语动词说话方式的配价模式

IF 0.8

Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0236

Ivana Brač, M. Birtić

{"title":"Valency patterns of manner of speaking verbs in Croatian","authors":"Ivana Brač, M. Birtić","doi":"10.1515/opli-2022-0236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0236","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Manner of speaking verbs denote the transfer of a message through speech, emphasizing the volume, intensity, comprehensibility, psychophysical condition of the speaker, and/or the impression that the speaker leaves on the hearer. In this article, verbs are semantically divided into four subclasses: 1. Verbs with emphasis on volume, 2. verbs of incomprehensible speaking, 3. verbs of meaningless speaking and complaining, and 4. verbs with emphasis on emotional component. Their syntactic peculiarities have been extensively researched in English, while no special attention has been paid to these verbs in Croatian. It is stated that in Croatian they are monovalent verbs. However, these verbs can be bivalent, and even trivalent. The recipient can be expressed by a dative complement within all four semantic subclasses. With the verbs of loud speaking and verbs with negative emotions, it can be expressed by a prepositional complement na ‘at’ + accusative and za ‘after’ + instrumental. The theme can be expressed by a quotation and a clausal complement, a prepositional complement o ‘about’ + locative, an accusative complement, sometimes a prepositional complement protiv ‘against’ + genitive, za ‘for’ + accusative, and with fewer verbs with prepositional phrases za ‘for’ + instrumental or nad ‘over’ + instrumental. Interestingly, there are certain restrictions for the complements’ combination within the same clause, which are described in more detail in the article.","PeriodicalId":43803,"journal":{"name":"Open Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46145739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

State and university tensions in Baltic higher education language policy 国家与大学在波罗的海高等教育语言政策上的紧张关系

IF 0.8

Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0223

Kerttu Rozenvalde, Birute Klaas-Lang, N. Mačianskienė

{"title":"State and university tensions in Baltic higher education language policy","authors":"Kerttu Rozenvalde, Birute Klaas-Lang, N. Mačianskienė","doi":"10.1515/opli-2022-0223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0223","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article explores state and university language policy (LP) agents in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to illuminate their relationship and standpoints in higher education language management. Being interested in who stands for what and whose positions are legitimised, we study the higher education LPs of each state, language principles of universities, and public debates. We conceptualise active LP agents as people with power, people with expertise, people with influence, and people with interest, and consider them to exercise agency in five stages: policy initiation, involvement, influence, intervention, and implementation. By means of argumentation analysis we examine the nature of agents together with the standpoints they express. The findings reveal the central role of most of the nationally oriented state policymakers in university language management in all three settings. Other state policymakers, university administrators, staff, and students become active agents when they disagree with the policies. Agents in each setting share the overarching policy goal, but the main difference of opinion that arises among them is about agency: Should the state or universities implement higher education LPs? And is the state capable of achieving the common policy goal when it takes the task upon itself?","PeriodicalId":43803,"journal":{"name":"Open Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44413643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the computational modeling of English relative clauses 论英语定语从句的计算建模

Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0246

Sandiway Fong, Jason Ginsburg

引用次数: 0

Excursive questions 离题的问题

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Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0232

Tue Trinh, Itai Bassi

引用次数: 0

Fluidity in argument indexing in Komnzo Komanzo中自变量索引的流动性

IF 0.8

Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0201

C. Döhler

引用次数: 0

Changes and continuities in second person address pronoun usage in Bogotá Spanish 波哥大<e:1>西班牙语第二人称称呼代词用法的变化与连续性

IF 0.8

Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0241

Víctor Fernández-Mallat, David Barrero

{"title":"Changes and continuities in second person address pronoun usage in Bogotá Spanish","authors":"Víctor Fernández-Mallat, David Barrero","doi":"10.1515/opli-2022-0241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0241","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, we provide further evidence that Bogotá Spanish is transitioning from being an extensively usted-using variety into one in which tú is preferred in informal interaction by analyzing survey data through a quantitative approach, and metalinguistic commentary through a qualitative approach. Our data show that tú is mainly thought of as a productive way to convey proximity. At the same time, our data show that, despite this change in second person preference, usted and sumercé persist in familiar address, albeit at rates considerably lower than tú. Usted is particularly frequent among males in same-gender dyads because it allows them to avoid the possible connotations of effeminacy that tú may have in that specific context. Sumercé is frequently selected in addressing older relatives and individuals from the countryside because it is seen as being capable of conveying respect and affection simultaneously. Moreover, sumercé is seen as a sign of local identity capable of distinguishing Bogotá Spanish from other national varieties with vos, which is marginal in our data. Our findings are best seen through the proposal that address forms may gain specific meanings within their particular context of use, despite having more conventional meanings attached to them.","PeriodicalId":43803,"journal":{"name":"Open Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46191207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hedging with modal auxiliary verbs in scientific discourse and women’s language 科技语篇与女性语言中情态助动词的模棱两可

IF 0.8

Open Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opli-2022-0229

Lindsay Susannah Schmauss, Kelly Kilian

{"title":"Hedging with modal auxiliary verbs in scientific discourse and women’s language","authors":"Lindsay Susannah Schmauss, Kelly Kilian","doi":"10.1515/opli-2022-0229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0229","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This Critical Discourse Analysis examines hedging as a linguistic device at the intersection of scientific discourse and women’s language. Hedging has been identified as a marker of scientific discourse where it is valued for expanding dialogic space for the promulgation of knowledge. It is also a recognised marker of women’s common language, where it is purported to align with discriminatory gender norms that women should not impose their views but could also be construed as a lack of clear thinking, conviction, or confidence. This could be limiting, especially in professional domains, however, the particular value attached to hedging in scientific discourse challenges this hypothesis and provides the focus of this study of gender differences in hedging with modal auxiliary verbs in the context of scientific discourse. The findings confirm hedging as a marker of scientific discourse and reflect modal auxiliaries being used with similar frequency by women and men, although with subtle, but significant differences in the specific modals that were used, and how. This provides a nuanced picture of women hedging in ways that mostly exemplify the standards of scientific discourse while also integrating some of the socially normative hedging practices that are associated with women’s language.","PeriodicalId":43803,"journal":{"name":"Open Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45947920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1