The Asian Review of Civil Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Copper Tailing Waste by Bioleaching at Hindustan Copper Limited, India","authors":"S Kumar, S. Mishra, Poonam Singh, Anupam Singhal, Sanjay Kumar Vermaa","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2022.11.2.3495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2022.11.2.3495","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional methods of refining cannot be implemented for recovery of copper from tailing waste collected from Hindustan Copper Limited, Khetri, India as it contains low copper and higher iron along with other metals present. Hence bioleaching was tested as an alternative approach for the recovery of copper from the waste. The study investigated the feasibility of using a bioleaching process for the treatment of copper tailing waste. The XRD and ED-XRF analysis confirmed that the waste contained 0.13% w/w copper, which is present in different forms including chalcopyrite (CuFeS2). Shake flask studies optimized with tailing concentration, optimum temperature, and pH showed 94.03 % w/w recovery of copper at 2 % w/v waste concentration after 40 days of exposure at pH 2.0. The study was extended to a pilot-scale glass column filled with raw copper tailing mixed with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans at a flow rate of 3 L h-1. A recovery of 54.71% w/w of copper was obtained by this setup. The mix-proportion clay bricks were cast with the tailing waste after bioleaching. The bricks showed better compressive strength as compared to normal bricks. A pilot scale heap leaching study with 5 kg of tailing waste mixed with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans showed a 64.28% w/w copper tailing in 40 days.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121121865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economically Prudent Design (EPC) of Outrigger-Based Structural Systems","authors":"Sachin Kuckian, H. Yahia","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2022.11.2.3356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2022.11.2.3356","url":null,"abstract":"As the construction of mega-tall buildings in all major cities around the world accelerates, the seismic risk associated with them also rises. Hence study on the response of tall buildings to earthquake loads is gaining significant importance. Outrigger tall buildings are one of the most common structural structures because they are simple to construct, cost-effective, and have significant lateral stiffness. Therefore, this research explores a structural outrigger system for high-rise buildings to analyze the output of a system by changing the place of outrigger positions. Dynamic research was performed in accordance with IS 1893, the response spectrum and time of California’s most recent earthquakes. The parameters discussed are lateral displacements, inter-storey drifts for static analysis, and base force, displacement, and spectral acceleration for dynamic analysis. From the analyzed results, it was found that an outrigger when located at H0/H=0.6 causes a maximum reduction in the lateral displacement. Hence outrigger located at H0/H=0.6 is the desired location to provide an outrigger in a structural system and could act as an initial economical prudent design solution in the construction of tall buildings with outriggers. Time history analysis shows that the reduction is maximum when the outrigger is located at H0/H=0.9 for LA03, H0/H=0.85 for LA06 H0/H=1.0 for LA14.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133080843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Valuation on Conservation of Rainforest in Eastern Sinharaja, Sri Lanka","authors":"P. Wattage, Hasintha Olugala","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3342","url":null,"abstract":"The value for goods and services is noticeable as the price is paid for those goods and services, but in environmental goods and services the real price or value is misrepresent in ordinary markets. Especially the forest benefits or non-market values are not normally exchange in markets and generally ignored in decision making.  Benefits obtained from environmental elements cannot be estimated and it causes for the continuous damages which can be reason for long term worldwide effects. Therefore such values and damages need to be justified at least by ensuring that they can be identified and conserved for future generations. But conserving forest features, improving or managing is costly.  Eastern Sinharaja – Sri Lanka is a world heritage rainforest which represented with valuable resources for all living beings. However, the resources in Eastern Sinharaja is under continuous degradation and requires conservation measures.  The research problem focuses on what is the economic value on conservation of Eastern Sinharaja rainforest environment. This research is attempt to estimate the total value of conservation of Eastern Sinharaja rainforest environment using Contingent Valuation method (CVM). The information was gathered from a questionnaire survey under random sampling method using 234 of sample size. The results has discovered, respectively socio economic variables, general environmental attitudes and willingness to pay sections designed have identified as key sections which derived the main features which are affecting to the economic value of the conservation of the rainforest environment. Gender, employment, voter, income are socio economic features which affect to the economic value. In general environment attitudes for willingness to pay (WTP) and the respondents attitudes are positive when consider about the significance values of the features for Mean WTP of Rs. 257.30 from a household. This study indicated that despite Sri Lanka is a developing country, people are willing to contribute for conservation of the resource. Those derived values may significantly contribute in conservation of rainforest environment and deliver materials to design applicable policies for future rainforest environment management.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123712127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Economic Impact Analysis of Hydropower Projects in Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"R. Rattan","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3328","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the Socio-Economic Impacts of hydropower projects on inhabitants of Project Affected Zone in District Chamba of Himachal Pradesh. The study is based on primary data collected from six major hydropower projects of district Chamba (three NHPC and three private sector projects). A sample size of 250 respondents collected from affected families through convenience sampling. The indicators under consideration were the impact of hydropower projects on, a) local economy with seven variables, b) infrastructural development with its eight sub variables and c) impact on service sector with twelve variables. Data collected through questionnaire was analyzed by using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. As per the findings it has been observed that hydropower projects helped to change the lifestyle of general public with positive impact on infrastructural development and have large impact on services sector of the area. It has developed the tourism industry in the area, establish market base and enhanced the market and infrastructural development.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122480369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geotechnical Evaluation of the Causes of Road Pavement Failure Along the Mbaitoli-Ikeduru-Mbaise Highway, Southeastern Nigeria","authors":"Martin Chijioke Nwachukwu, Chikwado Godwin Aleke, Okechukwu Pius Aghamelu, Ezea Uchenna Joesph","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3302","url":null,"abstract":"The incessant failed spots in the road pavement along the 27.61km Mbaitolu-Ikeduru-Ahiara Mbaise highway in Imo state, southeastern Nigeria, has necessitated this geotechnical study to evaluate the impact of the subgrade material quality on the road pavement failure. The study entailed both physical and geological assessment of the predominantly sandy to clayey silt Benin Formation underlying the area, as well as field and laboratory engineering tests on the subgrade materials underlying the road alignment. The engineering tests carried out included the grain size distribution, specific gravity, natural moisture content, Atterberg (liquid and plastic) limits, compaction (to determine maximum dry density and optimum moisture content), California bearing ratio (CBR), and shear strength (to determine cohesion and angle of internal friction). The engineering test results indicate that the natural moisture content values range between 10.4 and 18.9%, liquid limit between 36.0 and 48.6%, plastic limit ranges from 26.1 to 31.6, with corresponding plasticity index values that range from 9.2 to 17.0%. The grain size distribution test results connote the predominance of sand, with number of fines-sized particles that ranges from 22 to 38% and amount coarse to medium sand-sized particles ranging from 62 to 78%.Maximum dry density ranges from 1.29to 1.93 kg/m3. (CBR) ranges from 3.7 and 91.9%. Specific gravity ranges between 2.56and 2.61, while cohesion and angle of internal friction range from 39 to 42 kPa, and 14 to 20°, respectively. Some failed portion especially in Inyishi area were likely due to moisture fluctuation in the subgrade due to closeness of the water table. Proper compaction, chemical stabilization, and appropriate drainage would likely boost the efficiency of the subgrade material and the durability of the road pavement.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114673782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Perceived Safety and Comfort in Urban Civic Spaces","authors":"L. Kawshalya, U. Weerasinghe, D. Chandrasekara","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3232","url":null,"abstract":"The urban public spaces play a vital role in the enhancement of quality of life of the urbanites. Recent studies explicitly demonstrate the fact that these limited spaces in the urban context directly impact on the physical, social, and psychological health of its users. But some of these spaces are often underused or neglected as a result of perceived danger and risk implicit by the arrangement of elements. This is common in many designed urban public spaces. This study focuses on three types of urban civic spaces as squares, plazas and forecourts which are vital on sustainable development of urban communities.Accordingly, this research intends to develop a framework to assess perceived safety and comfort in urban civic spaces. The process (literature) identified seven main attributes namely visual qualities, spatial configuration, pleasurability, inclusiveness, convenience, activities, and imageability. The 54 sub-attributes ascertained under the main attributes were scored through observations and direct user ratings. Expert weightages and significance scores obtained through the process finalizes an equation to calculate the final perceived safety and comfort levels of the urban civic spaces. Validation of this framework in the context of Sri Lanka depicted that Arcade Independence Square (Square) is more psychologically safer and comfortable for the users, followed by Echelon square (plaza)and Fort station forecourt (forecourt). The final scores produced by the developed framework reflects the current condition of the civic space elaborating the demands for improvements. The proper use of this framework will result in convivial, safer, comfortable, and user-friendly urban civic spaces.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116428247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Sprawl and its effect on Sustainable Urban Development: A Case Study of Shimla City","authors":"R. Lal, Gulshan Verma, Aastha Sharma","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3245","url":null,"abstract":"A fast-growing developing country like India is witnessing the phenomena of Urban Sprawl and land-use changes in almost all of its megacities which are the epicenters of economic growth, administration, and tourism prospects. The proximity to the growth center, availability of space, and increasing migration mainly lead to the gradual spreading of the urban landscape towards its adjacent regions, resulting in the loss of productive and agricultural lands, open green spaces, and surface water bodies. Considering the speed of urban sprawl growth rate, the city's scale and role have changed frequently. Thus, there is a need to study, surveil, and quantify the urban sprawl for sustainable development of the urban areas. The current study examines the importance of sustainable urban development, which seeks to create cities and towns to improve the long-term health of the planet's human beings and ecological systems. The main focus of this paper is to illustrate the analytical approach and challenges resulting from increasing population growth that has created a need for high-performing, cost-effective, resource-efficient, and environmentally friendly sustainable infrastructure. The task comprises steps delineation of urban area for consecutive years, comparison between urban areas, identification of the urban sprawl pattern, recognition of magnitude and direction of changing sprawl, and its effect on land use/land cover.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128362104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Teaching Style for Deaf and Dumb Students Using E-Learning","authors":"Abhishek Mehta","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2021.10.2.3177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2021.10.2.3177","url":null,"abstract":"The term similarity is characterized so the buying and selling on data via talking, entry then utilizing some other medium. One about the nearly treasured presents according to an alone is a potential in imitation of see, timbre in, talk or reply as like indicated by means of the circumstances. In somebody case, around nine billion folks on the ball are no longer even sharp, therefore Communications into sturdy over listening to quiet humans have forever been a challenging undertaking. In it delivery note we wish speak in regard to a new yet upgraded approach because of lectureship because of no longer too acute understudies up to expectation is e-learning.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125817373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stream Order Delineation using SRTM 30 meter Resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Hydrology Tools in ArcGIS 10.3 and QGIS: Mapping of Drainage Pattern of Mandi District, Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"Kuldeep Singh","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2021.10.2.3118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2021.10.2.3118","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes step by step watershed and stream network delineation based on digital elevation models using the Hydrology tools in ArcGIS and online services for Hydrology and Hydrologic data. The 30-meter resolution SRTM image of Himachal Pradesh was downloaded from open topology website. This was further processed in QGIS and ArcGIS 10.3 software. The different hydrological processes and data management tools were used like, fill, Flow direction; flow accumulation, map algebra, stream orders, stream feature and stream dissolve in order to get the final map of Mandi drainage pattern.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123742997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Impact of Geophysical Hydro-Meteorological Hazards Based on Perception Approach, Kinnaur Region, Himachal Pradesh","authors":"R. Lal, V. Anand","doi":"10.51983/tarce-2021.10.2.3119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2021.10.2.3119","url":null,"abstract":"Disaster has been a continuous problem in the history of mankind and its effects have also been devastating. India’s geo-climatic conditions as well as its high degree of socio-economic vulnerability, makes it one of the most disaster-prone country in the world. Landslides are the most costly geo-hazard in the world, and they’re often the cause or the result of other hazards and disasters such as tsunamis, earthquakes, forest fires, and volcanic eruptions. It leads to an extreme disruption in the functioning of a society, causing widespread human, material and environmental loss and it exceeds the ability of the affected society to cope with its own resources. Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh has a hilly and mountainous topography which has a limited scope for human settlement and other human activity. The most common types of disaster in the region are earthquake and landslide. Apart from this, other kinds of disaster are also faced by the people of the region such as heavy rainfall, snowfall, deforestation, floods, soil erosion etc.  The present study aims at analyze the landslide vulnerability and mitigation strategies and also the role of administration and community in their preparedness. The study is based on both primary as well as secondary data. Quantitative method was used to assess the landslide induced vulnerability and risk assessment in the study area. By using science and technology, community based management makes it possible to reduce the impact of disasters like earthquake and landslide in the study area.","PeriodicalId":437898,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Review of Civil Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114300154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}