Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology最新文献

{"title":"Features of Picea abies (L.) Karst. population structure formation on the territory of Belarus","authors":"V. Padutov","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2021-1-78-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2021-1-78-91","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main forest forming tree species in Belarus is the European spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The formation of European spruce forest population genetic structure took place under the influence of migration flows from different refugia during the postglacial period. For the genogeographic study of P. abies 25 isozyme genes (Aat-1, Aat-2, Adh, Gdh, Idh-1, Idh-2, Mdh-1, Mdh-2, Mdh-3, Skdh, 6-Pgd-1, 6-Pgd-2, 6-Pgd-3, Lap-1, Lap-2, Sdh, Gpi, Hk, Me, Dia-1, Dia-2, Dia-4, Pgm-1, Pgm-2, Fl-Est) of nuclear DNA (analysis was carried out in 10 populations), 3 microsatellite loci (Pt63718, Pt26081, Pt71936) of chloroplast DNA (57 populations were considered) and 1 microsatellite locus (mt15-D02) of mitochondrial DNA (56 populations were studied) were used. As a result, 82 allelic variants of isozyme genes, 19 allelic variants of chloroplast DNA loci and 2 allelic variants of mitochondrial DNA locus were found. The spatial distribution of the alleles was defined and the regional features of the genogeographic differentiation of the spruce forest were considered. The presence of two migration flows representatives (southern and northern) in Belarus was confirmed. It was shown that the highest concentration of P. abies trees with southern (Carpathian) origin is observed in the southwest of the country. Clinal variability was revealed for a number of markers in the directions from south to north and from west to east. In general the data obtained are consistent with the results of studies based on the analysis of the spatial distribution of the cone scales traits.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125159780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico analysis of resveratrol induced PD-L1 dimerisation","authors":"V. Urban, Alexander I. Davidovskii, V. Veresov","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2021-1-39-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2021-1-39-47","url":null,"abstract":"T-cell activation through the blockade of PD-1 – PD-L1 interactions is recognised at present as one of the most promising strategies in the cancer treatment and a number of antibodies targeting the PD-1 – PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway have been approved after successful clinical trials. However, the use of antibodies suffers from a number of shortcomings including poor tissue and tumor penetration, long half-life time, poor oral bioavailability, and expensive production costs. Small molecule based therapeutic approaches offer the potential to address the shortcomings of the antibody-based checkpoint inhibitors. At present, more than twenty small molecular inhibitors of the PD-1 – PD-L1 interactions whose scaffold is based on substituted biphenyl group connected to a further aromatic ring through a benzyl ether bond have been identified and patented by Bristol – Mayers – Squibb (USA). Structural studies have shown that all these compounds act by inducing the dimerisation of PD-L1 that makes PD-L1 non-competent for forming complex with PD-1. Very recently, the dietary polyphenol resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to inhibit the PD-1 – PD-L1 interactions through the induction of the PD-L1 dimerisation but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, computational structural biology tools combining protein – protein and protein – ligand docking with molecular dynamics simulations were used to gain structural insights into the mechanisms of the RSV-induced dimerisation of PD-L1.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133757835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles and their membranotrophic action","authors":"L. Gabrielyan, A. Trchounian","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-64-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-64-71","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, metal nanoparticles (NPs) can be considered as alternative agents for overcoming antibiotic resistance. The effect of silver NPs on gram-positive (Enterococcus hirae ATCC9790, Staphylococcus aureus MDC5233) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli K-12, Salmonella typhimurium MDC1759) bacteria have been investigated in this work. Silver NPs demonstrated antibacterial activity against the bacteria used, expressed in the decrease of the specific growth rate and the number of colony forming units. Moreover, the bactericidal effect of silver NPs on gram-positive bacteria was more pronounced than on gram-negative bacteria. In order to find out the mechanisms of NPs’ effects, the change of the redox potential, the hydrogen (H2) production ability, and the protons flux across the bacterial membrane have been also studied. The addition of NPs led to inhibition of H2 yield and to change of the energy-dependent proton flux through Fo F1-ATPase, indicating the silver NPs effect on the activity of membrane-bound enzymes. The data obtained point out that silver NPs show a pronounced antibacterial effect against the studied bacteria and can be used in biomedicine.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"497 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126663944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of reorganization of mitochondria structure in age-dependent changes of adrenal cortex function","authors":"E. Timokhina, V. Yaglov, S. Obernikhin, N. Yaglova, S. Nazimova, D. Tsomartova","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-13-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-13-18","url":null,"abstract":"Steroidogenic activity of adrenal cortical cells is known to change significantly during postnatal development. Age-dependent changes of mitochondrial apparatus and its impact in secretory activity of the adrenal cortex are less studied. The aim was to uncover age-dependent mitochondrial dynamics in rat glomerulosa, fasciculata and reticularis cells, and to assess them together with changes in adrenal cortex morphology and function. Pubertal and postpubertal male Wistar rats were used in the research. Quantitative parameters of adrenal cortex morphology and fine structure of adrenocortical cells were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. Production of adrenal hormones was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Discrete age-dependent changes of mitochondrial dynamics was revealed. These changes were found more sufficient for hormone production then alterations in morphology of adrenocortical zones. Association of changes in mitochondrial structure with intensity of hormone secretion demonstrate that morphological studies of adrenal cortex requires examination of fine structure for correct assessment of adrenal development.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123109640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The first registration of the wintering of invasive species of coccinellid Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) in the bee hives in Belarus","authors":"Oksana Kruglova, O. V. Prischepchik","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-88-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-88-96","url":null,"abstract":"The first registration in Belarus of an invasive species of coccinellid Harmonia axyridis wintering in bee hives in the Galik village (Drogichinsky district, Brest region) has been established. Some structural features of the obtained sample of H. axyridis are analyzed. The sex ratio is closed to the theoretically expected (1 : 1) – 50.5 % of females and 49.5 % of males. Three of the four main phenotypic color classes of elytra are distinguished in imago – succinea, conspicua and spectabilis. The succinea phenotype is dominated with a frequency of 95.78 %. The elite crest was absent in 10 % of specimens.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114896669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered production of membrane-associated proteins, providing iodine accumulation by thyroid gland, after exposure to endocrine disruptor DDT","authors":"S. Obernikhin, N. Yaglova, S. Nazimova, V. Yaglov","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-3-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-3-12","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to endocrine disruptors has a sufficient impact in rise of thyroid disorders. Iodine accumulation by the thyroid is provided by sodium iodide symporter, a glycoprotein, located in the basolateral membrane of thyroid cells. Therefore, sodium iodide symporter might be a putative target for endocrine disruptors. Objective of the research – investigation of sodium iodide symporter production after long-term exposure to endocrine disruptor dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) in different periods on postnatal development. Newly borne and 7-week old male Wistar rats were exposed to low doses of DDT during 6 and 10 weeks. Expression of sodium iodide symporter in thyroid cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Quantification of sodium iodide symporter, thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in serum was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The investigation also included morphological examination of thyroid slides and morphometry. Adult rats after 6 weeks of exposure showed diminished level of total T4 and increase in T3 production, associated with significantly lowered TSH and sodium iodide symporter serum concentration. Rats, exposed to endocrine disruptor since birth, demonstrated slight decrease in T4 and sodium iodide symporter. Reduced level of free T3 and elevated serum TSH were found in adult rats after 10 weeks of exposure. Exceeded level of serum sodium iodide symporter was revealed. It was provided by increased number of thyroid cells, producing this protein, due to formation of numerous microfollicles in the thyroid gland. Young rats after 10 weeks of exposure demonstrated diminished total and free T3 levels and elevated TSH. No up-regulation of sodium iodide symporter expression was found. Morphological examination revealed enlarged follicles and no microfollicular rearrangement of thyroid parenchyma. Considered that low dose exposure to endocrine disruptor DDT irreversibly depresses expression of membrane glycoprotein sodium iodide symporter, which provides iodine uptake by the thyroid gland. After-birth exposure impairs compensatory activation of proliferation and increase in number of sodium iodide symporter-producing cells.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"295 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121534453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sclerotinia sclerotiorum KK-1 isolate from Belarus: pathogenicity factors and glyphosate sensitivity","authors":"A. V. Kulik, Margarita A. Shukshina, A. Evtushenkov","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-54-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-54-69","url":null,"abstract":"In the presence work, mycelial growth, sclerotia formation, polygalacturonase, a-amylase and cellulase activities of a Belarusian fungal isolate Sclerotinia sclerotiorum KK-1 collected from infected сarrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) were analyzed. It was established that polygalacturonase was induced by pectin and subject to catabolite repression by glucose. The ability of the isolate to produce oxalic acid, an important factor of pathogenesis, was observed throughout fungus incubation on PDA medium amended with bromophenol blue. Glyphosate (commercial counterpart «Tornado») starting from its level in the medium of 200 mg/L caused a significant inhibition of mycelial growth and sclerotia formation. It was observed that a-amylase and cellulase activities were inhibited by glyphosate unlike polygalacturonase activity.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129753594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional properties of immune cells under the influence of extracts of mushrooms Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinula edodes, Boletus edulis","authors":"Еlena V. Duzh, Аndrei Y. Hancharou","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-29-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-29-36","url":null,"abstract":"Тhe water extracts of Basidiomycota division mushrooms such as Boletus edulis, Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinula edodes posessed a wide spectrum of immunomodulatory activity. It was shown that Boletus edulis enhances the expression of surface markers on lymphoid cell lines Jurkat-tat and Daudi, and also increases the expression of reactive oxygen species by dendritic cells, monocytes and peripheral blood neutrophils, activates basophils. There was observed no effect of fungal extracts on NK-cells.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129915054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiversity of free-living ciliates of the Kura River basin (within Azerbaijan)","authors":"I. Alekperov, E. Tahirova","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-97-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2020-3-97-113","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of long therm free-living ciliates investigation of the Kura River basin, in all 308 species have been noted. The article provides information on the ciliates species diversity of 8 sample points, across the Kura River within Azerbaijan – from Georgian state border to the delta. The freshwater ciliates species diversity varies considerably depending on location and environment sample points. The greatest diversity of freshwater ciliates noted in Mingechevir and Varvara reservoirs (128 and 140 species respectively), which in our opinion, is related with a variety of biotopes in these reservoirs and an abundance of food organisms. The analysis on the occurrence of ciliates showed that the group of dominants (noted in more than 80 % of all samples) includes 10.71 % of the total species diversity, and the group of regular ones (occurrence less than 80, but more than 50 %) 13.60 % of the entire species composition, 71.47 % belong to the largest group of irregular ones (occurrence from 30 to 50 % in samples), and 4.22 % of the total species diversity to the group of random species (occurrence less than 30 % of all samples). It has been established that the largest group of irregular species is consist ciliates, confined to a certain time of the year – mainly in spring and fall. At the same time, part of this group species appeared in the communities only in the summer.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125259664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of biochemical and tasting parameters of Prunus cerasus L. fruits","authors":"N. Kolbas, A. Kolbas, A. Domas, D. Prvulović","doi":"10.33581/2521-1722-2020-2-49-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2020-2-49-57","url":null,"abstract":"Data on the effect of the content of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins, phenolic acids and flavonols on the organoleptic parameters of fruits of 9 varieties of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) are presented in this article. The total phenolic content varied from 72.52 to 180.61 mg of gallic acid per 100 g of fresh weight (FW) fruit. The total anthocyanins content varied from 32.69 to 259.45 mg of cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, the total phenolic acids content varied from 48.45 to 75.20 mg of caffeic acid and the total flavonols content varied from 8.53 to 21.46 mg of quercetin per 100 g of FW fruit. The anthocyanins and sugars content of significantly affect in the tasting parameters of sour cherry fruits.","PeriodicalId":437681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121792815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}