Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)最新文献_第4页

Hit, Miss, or Error? Predicting Errors in Design Decision Making for Radically Innovative Ideas Using Individual Attributes 命中，错过，还是错误?利用个体属性预测激进创新理念设计决策中的错误

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-89708

Aoran Peng, Scarlett R. Miller

{"title":"Hit, Miss, or Error? Predicting Errors in Design Decision Making for Radically Innovative Ideas Using Individual Attributes","authors":"Aoran Peng, Scarlett R. Miller","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-89708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89708","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Researchers and practitioners alike agree that for companies to survive and thrive they must develop and support radical innovation. However, these ideas are complex and risky, and not all succeed. Because of this, decision makers are often left to make hard decisions in terms of which ideas move on and which are abandoned. The goal of this paper was to provide pilot evidence to identify the impact of individual attributes on the effectiveness of decision making for radical innovation. Specifically, we sought to identify how individual personality and preferences for creativity impacted the likelihood of students selecting radical ideas using principles from signal detection theory (SDT). To do this, we used data from a previous studies’ of 2252 idea evaluations by student designers and classified these decisions based on SDT to see if we could predict the likelihood of occurrence based on individual attributes: hit (correct identification), miss (Type 1 Error), false alarm (Type II Error), and correct rejection. The results showed that lower levels of risk tolerance resulted in an increased likelihood that a hit occurred. On the other hand, higher levels of neuroticism and motivation resulted in an increased likelihood of a Type I error, or the likelihood that an individual would neglect a good idea that had a high chance of future success. Finally, increased risk tolerance and decreased motivation resulted in an increased likelihood that Type II error occurred, or that an individual would expend resources on an idea with limited likelihood of success. The results of this study can serve as empirical evidence on decision making in radical tasks and provide a basis for future investigations. In addition, these results provide a methodology for studying decision making in innovative design.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123778909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating How Engineers and Designers Communicate Design Rationale 调查工程师和设计师如何沟通设计原理

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-90833

Yakira Mirabito, K. Goucher-Lambert

{"title":"Investigating How Engineers and Designers Communicate Design Rationale","authors":"Yakira Mirabito, K. Goucher-Lambert","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-90833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-90833","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Design rationale is the explicit documentation of the reasons behind decisions made in designing a product or system. Typically, design rationale is captured using a combination of written reports and oral presentations. Research shows that the structure and information used to communicate rationale significantly influence human behavior. To better understand the influence that communication of design rationale has on the design process, a detailed understanding of the information and techniques used to communicate design rationale needs to be studied. This research aims to identify how engineers and designers communicate this information in written form and the implications that their communication patterns have in engineering design. Eight hundred and forty-six pages of technical engineering design reports from 28 teams representing 116 individuals were analyzed using a mixed-methods approach and then compared across project types. The data were coded into categories using a schema we developed. The findings highlight the range of clarity that designers use in their rationales to support their design actions. Instead of clear, logical reasoning trends, designers often use techniques to fill gaps in design rationale through making assumptions, inserting oneself, or redirecting focus. The results suggest a need for improving design communication in engineering education and practice, perhaps through existing design reasoning frameworks or design rationale capturing tools. By capturing design rationale clearly between human designers, human-AI systems can leverage these findings to increase human confidence in and acceptance of a design agent’s recommendations.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116074524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Comparing Nominal and Interacting Sub-Structured Teams in an Interdisciplinary Engineering Design Task 跨学科工程设计任务中名义子结构团队与互动子结构团队之比较

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-89623

J. Gyory, Nicolas F. Soria Zurita, J. Cagan, Christopher McComb

{"title":"Comparing Nominal and Interacting Sub-Structured Teams in an Interdisciplinary Engineering Design Task","authors":"J. Gyory, Nicolas F. Soria Zurita, J. Cagan, Christopher McComb","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-89623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89623","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Teams are common throughout engineering practice and industry when solving complex, interdisciplinary problems. Previous works in engineering problem solving have studied the effectiveness of teams and individuals, showing that in some circumstances, individuals can outperform collaborative teams working on the same task. The current work extends these insights to novel team configurations in large interdisciplinary teams. In these team configurations, the meta-team as a whole can interact but the sub-teams within them may or may not. Here, team performance and process are studied within the context of a complex drone design and path-planning problem. Via a collaborative research platform called HyForm, communication and behavioral patterns can be tracked and analyzed throughout problem solving. This works shows that nominal sub-structured teams, where members work independently, outperform interacting sub-structured teams. While problem-solving actions remain consistent, communication patterns significantly differ, with nominal sub-structured teams communicating significantly less. Questionnaires reveal that the manager roles in the nominal sub-structured teams, which are more central in communication and information flow, experience a greater cognitive and workload burden than their counterparts in the interacting sub-structured teams. Overall, this work adds to the literature on nominal versus interacting problem-solving teams, extending the finding to larger, interdisciplinary teams.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116593171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Objects of Collaboration: Roles of Objects in Spanning Knowledge Boundaries in a Design Company 协作对象:设计公司跨知识边界中对象的角色

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-89388

E. Brubaker, Sheri D. Sheppard, Pamela J. Hinds, Maria C. Yang

{"title":"Objects of Collaboration: Roles of Objects in Spanning Knowledge Boundaries in a Design Company","authors":"E. Brubaker, Sheri D. Sheppard, Pamela J. Hinds, Maria C. Yang","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-89388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89388","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Engineering designers often span knowledge boundaries when developing complex systems but doing so poses challenges because members of different knowledge groups must bridge their language, cognitions, and “thought worlds” to effectively broker, resituate, and make use of each other’s ideas. Objects — ranging from prototypes to kanban boards to value stream maps — are frequently used in cross-functional design practice, but the outcomes associated with such objects appear varied and dependent not only the objects’ characteristics but on how, when, and by whom they are used. This paper describes a two-year inductive ethnographic study within a turbomachinery design company to understand how cross-functional design teams span their knowledge boundaries to advance their designs and design processes. We collected observations of 70 cross-functional meetings and 52 interviews across functional groups during the development of complex turbomachinery products. Our findings include three roles of objects of collaboration: routinizing cross-boundary interaction, translating information across boundaries, and motivating joint negotiation or discovery. We found two prominent outcomes — co-discovery of a design risk, opportunity, or workflow bottleneck and co-design of a joint integrated solution — that appeared to follow from the latter two roles, respectively. These findings are significant because they clarify the roles of objects in cross-boundary design work and suggest ways for designers to more effectively use objects to span knowledge boundaries.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126282257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Universal Design Analysis for Improving the Usability of Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printers 提高熔丝制造3D打印机可用性的通用设计分析

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-91011

Rebecca Grey, Swapnil Sinha, Charlotte Marr de Vries

{"title":"Universal Design Analysis for Improving the Usability of Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printers","authors":"Rebecca Grey, Swapnil Sinha, Charlotte Marr de Vries","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-91011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-91011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To accommodate a variety of users with the growing popularity of 3D printing technology, the concept of usability; the effectiveness of a user’s interaction with the product, must be considered. A seamless user interaction with the currently available commercial 3D printer systems assumes that the users have the required hand strength, ability to stand, and vision, which could be challenging for some learning this new technology. This research intends to utilize the principles of universal design, i.e., the idea of appealing design for all age groups or abilities towards operating the physical 3D printer in order to expand its field of use. Physical challenges of the human body as it moves to interact with desktop fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printers were investigated. Following that, a survey was collected, to understand the perspective of 3D printer users in terms of challenges faced while interacting with the machine and troubleshooting them. The survey indicated that users found print bed levelling the most challenging task. As a result, the redesign process for print bed leveling was initiated by the development of design specifications. This paper attempts to shed light on potential improvements that can be made in commercially available desktop systems by implementing universal design guidelines, such that the technology is accessible to a larger population. The process used in this paper is applicable for redesign of any existing product for Universal Design.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116788200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Where Next?: Exploring Opportunity Areas and Tool Functions for Sustainable Product Design 下一个在哪里?:探索可持续产品设计的机会领域和工具功能

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-89638

Nicole B. Damen, Ye Wang, Justin Matejka, Christine Toh

{"title":"Where Next?: Exploring Opportunity Areas and Tool Functions for Sustainable Product Design","authors":"Nicole B. Damen, Ye Wang, Justin Matejka, Christine Toh","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-89638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89638","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Shifts in policy and consumers’ awareness have raised the importance of sustainability in product design, inspiring the development of tools that support more sustainable design. However, such tools are not adopted as quickly as expected. To understand what tools designers consider useful, we explored how much control designers perceive over existing design strategies, and how much impact they think these strategies have. We used a survey (n = 42) and follow-up interviews (n = 12) to ask hardware product design professionals what areas they see opportunities in, and what functions they look for in tools. The findings reveal that designers perceive impact and control differently in different opportunity areas, so to increase the likelihood of adoption, tools should incorporate features that reflect those differences. Designers report the least control over aspects related to manufacturing, and also rate these as having low impact on sustainability. In contrast, designers attribute high control and impact to aspects related to their design practice and their organizations’ business model, which are tightly linked. To address these issues, designers pointed towards tools that improve information transparency, support decision-making, predict results, share knowledge, and discover user needs. Regardless of how much control designers have, they care about tools and strategies that are highly impactful.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129337949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An Empirical Study of the Impact of Task Expectation Framing on Design Decision Delegation 任务期望框架对设计决策授权影响的实证研究

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-90147

R. Malak, Rachel Smallman, Heather C. Lench

{"title":"An Empirical Study of the Impact of Task Expectation Framing on Design Decision Delegation","authors":"R. Malak, Rachel Smallman, Heather C. Lench","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-90147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-90147","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The delegation of decision authority is a routine part of engineering systems design. Examples include hiring an outside subcontractor and assigning specific design tasks to a subordinate engineer. In all cases, the delegator is responsible for describing the task to the delegate in a way that clarifies expected outcomes. Ideally, the delegate executes the task in a manner consistent with the preferences of the delegator. For systems design tasks, this means the delegate specifies an artifact with engineering attributes desired by the delegator. Whether such expectations are conveyed successfully can have a major impact on the success of a project. However, despite the central nature of such communications in engineering systems design and the potential consequences miscommunication, there has been little empirical investigation of decision delegation in design. This experimental study examines how the framing of decision task expectations impact task outcomes. Subjects participate in an engineering-themed computer game in which they make design choices. Subjects are assigned to conditions randomly, with some given instructions framed as traditional design requirements and others given instructions in a value-driven design framing (e.g., to maximize a figure of merit). A total of 472 engineering students participated in the study. Results indicate that task outcome expectation framing can impact task performance, with design requirement task framings exhibiting advantages over a value-driven framing. This suggests theoretical arguments favoring value-driven framings may not capture adequately the effect of human behavior.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116511555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Triggered: Using Human-AI Dialogue for Problem Understanding in Collaborative Design 触发:在协作设计中使用人机对话来理解问题

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-89273

Anne Arzberger, Vera van der Burg, Senthil K. Chandrasegaran, P. Lloyd

{"title":"Triggered: Using Human-AI Dialogue for Problem Understanding in Collaborative Design","authors":"Anne Arzberger, Vera van der Burg, Senthil K. Chandrasegaran, P. Lloyd","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-89273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89273","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Creative conversation among designers and stakeholders in a design project enables new ideas to naturally originate and evolve. Language allows for the exchange of values, priorities, and past experience whilst keeping solution forms usefully ambiguous. Yet there is a danger that only the language of people directly involved in the design process gets to be heard, limiting how inclusively the problems are interpreted, which in turn can impede how complex design problems are addressed. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have shown the exclusionary spaces that are often inhabited by designers, engineers, and developers of new artefacts and technologies. On the other hand, text data used to train language models for machine learning applications have the potential to highlight societal biases in ways that designers can utilise. In this paper, we report the results of an exploratory study using AI text generation to synthesize and narrate opinions and experiences that may be unfamiliar to designers. Three pairs of designers were given a complex socio-technical problem to solve. Of these, two pairs interacted with an AI text generator during the task, while one pair acted as a baseline condition. Analysing the conversational exchanges between the designers and the designers & AI, we observe how the use of AI leads to prompting nuanced interpretations of problems and ideas, opening up the objective problem and design lenses and interpretations. Finally, we discuss how the designers (re)assign different roles to the AI to suit their creative purposes.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131971651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Representation in Subsystem Clustering: Effects of Distance Between Elements 表征在子系统聚类中的作用:元素间距离的影响

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-91309

Apurva Patel, Alexander R. Murphy, J. Summers, Chiradeep Sen

{"title":"Role of Representation in Subsystem Clustering: Effects of Distance Between Elements","authors":"Apurva Patel, Alexander R. Murphy, J. Summers, Chiradeep Sen","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-91309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-91309","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Engineering systems are often represented in terms of their function or the constituent components. Several representation styles and modalities have been proposed and used in the engineering design literature. This study investigates the effects of three different system representation styles on system understanding. Component graph, function graph, and function structure are compared in term of subsystem clustering. A mixed replication experiment is conducted where undergraduate student participants are asked to group or cluster system elements into subsystems. Data collected is analyzed in terms of distances between elements and occurrence of element pairs in the same parent cluster. Distances are measured in terms of connectivity, physical distance, and semantic distance. Results show that participants tend to cluster elements together when they are separated by smaller distances. Connective and physical distances show clear trends with pair occurrence, whereas trends with semantic distance are unclear. Correlations between physical distance and pair occurrence point to differences between the representation styles. Alternatively, deviations from the general trends indicate that strength of influence for each of the distance measures may be contextually dependent. Findings suggest that visual layout of system elements affects system understanding, and we should be cognizant of the implicit information that we may be communicating by our choice of layout. Finally, limitations of the research are discussed, and future work is identified.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134542137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Identifying Potentials of Product Personalization 识别产品个性化的潜力

Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 DOI: 10.1115/detc2022-88463

J. Kuhl, D. Krause

{"title":"Identifying Potentials of Product Personalization","authors":"J. Kuhl, D. Krause","doi":"10.1115/detc2022-88463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-88463","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Adapting components and modules within the context of product personalization promises exact fulfillment of individual customer requirements. However, personalization should only be used where it is valuable and manageable. The design of product architectures with personalizable modules has so far received little methodological support. Therefore, a method for personalization-oriented product design is to be developed in the long term. In a first step, it is important to systematically derive potentials for personalization, which can then be examined in terms of value and workload.\u0000 The aim of this paper is to identify indicators that promote personalization. Additionally, it will be presented how these indications could be applied for a product family. Based on an analysis of the aim of personalization as well as research on variety indicators in the literature and a comprehensive analysis of product families where personalization is already applied, personalization indicators are derived. Personalization is particularly relevant where engineer-to-order solutions are used before, for components already having a high variety and where fit and appearance play a role. With the help of an adapted Module Interface Graph (MIG), the analysis results can be documented and visualized in order to derive personalization potentials. Thus, the approach presented in this article represents a significant element of personalization-oriented product architecture design.","PeriodicalId":435428,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 34th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134634587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0