Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia最新文献

{"title":"Non-State Actors and SDGs: NGO Challenges in Achieving Gender Equality Within Minangkabau Matrilineal Society","authors":"P. Nasir, A. Halim","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316268","url":null,"abstract":". Gender inequality has been proven to be one of the global development's most urgent problems to date. As discrimination against women and girls remains and even increases, it persists as one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In 2019, Indonesia’s GDI was in group three, and its GII ranked was number 121 out of 162 countries. These numbers are largely related to the development of Indonesia's provinces. Being the largest matrilineal society, Minangkabau ethnic has frequently been the center of the research, particularly on matrilineality and gender equality. However, although West Sumatra's HDI and GDI are higher than Indonesia, its GII is still below the national level. This research aims to identify the challenges experienced by NGOs in implementing programs related to the targets of SDG gender equality in West Sumatra. This research is qualitative research employing literature study and semi-structured interviews as methods to compile data. Interviews are focused on NGOs in West Sumatra such as Nurani Perempuan, Pambangkik Batang Tarandam (PBT) and Lembaga Pengkajian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LP2M). Each NGO experienced challenges in terms of its activities, organizations, and relations with partners. Although specific challenges between these institutions/organizations differ, there is a similar line connecting them; the challenge of patriarchy which manifests in various levels and forms.","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125608038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women and Politics of Moral and Islamic Populism In West Sumatra: Exclusionism And Uniformity","authors":"Yayuk Lestari, R. Rinaldi","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316258","url":null,"abstract":". The revitalization of local custom and decentralization are the entrances to the strengthening of populism. Decentralization has brought changes in social and political boundaries in West Sumatra. This paper uses a qualitative method by conducting in-depth interviews, observations and collecting the documentation. Decentralization provides opportunities for regions to implement regional regulations with sharia nuances. Meanwhile, conservative Islamic groups in West Sumatra encourage politicians to promote morality in the public sphere. Support from local politicians is a logical consequence of the strength of Islam in West Sumatra. In the end, decentralization became a stimulus for the strengthening of Islamic Populism in West Sumatra. Supported by politicians and clerics, the local government implemented local regulations relating to political morality. From a populist perspective, moral politics is needed to distinguish between good and evil, and then in West Sumatra, exclusionism is carried out to exclude groups. Exclusionism is an attempt to differentiate and, at the same time, purify, which according to Taggart (2000), is an attempt to construct an identity as an awareness of who is not part of us rather than who we are. Through the Local Regulation nuanced Sharia in West Sumatra, Moral politics provides an opportunity to exclude groups considered morally different. It is not only women who are vulnerable to the excesses of exclusion but also minority groups such as LGBT and non-Muslims.","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"117 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133390326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Issues on The Impact of Covid-19 Among Female Migrants and Families","authors":"Henny Rosalinda, S. Pallikadavath","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316253","url":null,"abstract":". Indonesia has been sending female migrant workers overseas since the 70s. The covid-19 pandemic has hit these women hence they worked as the breadwinners for their families. The research aimed to study gender issues as the impact of covid-19 among the international female migrants and their left-behind families in Indonesia, particularly on issues on children’s education, family economic status, and family health being. The method used is a mixed quantitative and qualitative research method which includes a household survey (605 families), interviews with left-behind family members (30), telephone interviews with female migrant workers (30), and an online survey of migrant workers (2828). The research found that they faced difficulties managing children's education and social life during the lockdown in the social impact. In terms of economic, the cost of economic hardship suffered by both female migrants and their left-behind husbands and families, such as pay cuts, delayed payment of wages, non-payment of wages during illness, job losses, working hour extension, and some barriers on sending remittances that caused a problem for receiving left behind families. The impact in health aspect is more likely to address access to health insurance and mental health issues because of the increasing of family concerns and work-related stress. The result showed that gender issue has existed in regulating the role of Indonesian women who work abroad and men who are left behind. However, with the occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic, it remains perpetuated that women and men determine particular attention according to their gender attributes.","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132761210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Integration of Tolerance in Online Learning at Elementary Schools","authors":"Azizatuz Zahro’, E. Eliyanah, Y. Pratiwi, W. Hastuti, I. Syafi'i","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316271","url":null,"abstract":". Tolerance is a necessary character trait for everyone. Tolerance encompasses not only ethnic, religious, and cultural diversity, but also gender, physical appearance, political views, and social differences. Tolerance must be incorporated into the educational curriculum and embedded throughout the learning process, including online learning. The current study aimed to describe the integration of tolerance into online education. This study uses qualitative method. The study was conducted through the distribution of questionnaires, interviews with teachers, and observation of student learning. They are teachers from three cities in East Java, namely Malang, Kediri, and Probolinggo, who were chosen on the basis of their geographical location, cultural affinity, and level of tolerance. The findings indicate that all teachers are aware that one of the character values explicitly mentioned in the curriculum content standards is tolerance. In general, the respondents believe that it is critical to integrate tolerance into learning. According to the respondents, the most critical aspect of tolerance is tolerance for religious and ethnic differences, followed by tolerance for gender, physical condition, economic and social background, and opinions. The majority of teachers only occasionally explicitly incorporate the value of tolerance into their lesson plans. However, when they implement learning, they always keep this aspect of tolerance in mind. They believe that time constraints, internet network limitations, and physical distance all contribute to the difficulty of integrating character values into online learning. Teachers integrate the value of tolerance into their instruction by providing concrete examples, such as greeting students or commenting on their work. In the implementation of learning, the majority of teachers have placed a premium on the formation of heterogeneous groups. According to their experience as educators, certain forms of intolerance are occasionally encountered in schools. As a result, it is critical to incorporate the value of tolerance into the educational process.","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131902880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Media, Women, and Children Cry in Palestine: The Case Study of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict in May 2021","authors":"M. Arifuddin","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316307","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114913421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Women of Great Indonesia (Pira) In Recruitment of Women Cadres at The Gerindra Party (Study of The Gerindra Party Board of Regional Representatives of West Sumatera)","authors":"Firnanda Amdimas, Jendrius Jendrius, Maihasni Maihasni","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316295","url":null,"abstract":". Through political parties, women can actually fight for their interests in all fields, especially in the political field, so that political parties become one of the important factors that can determine women's political participation and political representation. Those who know women's needs are women themselves, so the party should give women a more significant role in the internal party as an effort to increase women's participation, one of which is by providing space for women cadres to take part in the recruitment of new women cadres to join the internal organization. party. This study aims to examine the role of the Greater Indonesia Women (PIRA) in carrying out political recruitment of women in the Great Indonesia Movement Party (Gerindra). This research is limited to the 2019 election area. The method used is a qualitative method with a case study type used to answer this research question. The results of the study found that the role of PIRA is very dependent on the placement of roles that have been determined by the Gerindra party.","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125966370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of NGO In Empowering Woman Returned Indonesian Migrant Workers In Central Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara","authors":"Retno Widyastuti","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316256","url":null,"abstract":". Central Lombok in West Nusa Tenggara Province has become one of the origin regions for most Indonesian Migrant Workers (IMWs) in Indonesia: number five at the national level and number two at the provincial level. Most of them are women working in Malaysia and Saudi Arabia. After working abroad, they returned with their earned money, but it has not been used optimally for productive activities. To assist them, PPK and Migrant CARE, as NGOs, carried out empowerment activities for those returned women IMWs. This study will convey how their life after back to home villages and empowerment activities they got through DESBUMI with the assistance from these NGOs. This study aims to enrich the discussion of the role of NGOs in empowerment activities for Indonesian return migrant workers, especially women, and to collect the best practices of the empowerment program. This study concludes some significant findings through empirical findings from interviews and FGDs.","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129974084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criminalization of Child Victim of Rape in Qanun Jinayat (Study of the Lhoksukon Sharia Court Decision Number 10/JN/2020/MS-LSK)","authors":"Nursiti Nursiti, Roslaini Ramli, Anta Utami","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316380","url":null,"abstract":". Law enforcement against cases of sexual violence is often far from a sense of justice. That is due to the low perspective of gender justice in law enforcement officers. The reflection of the low gender justice perspective appears in court decisions related to criminal acts of sexual violence, one of which is the Lhoksukon Sharia Court decision Number 10/JN/2020/MS-LSK. This study uses a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach. The primary legal material used in this study is the Decision of the Sharia Court Number 10/JN/2020/MS.LSK and relevant legislation were used to analyze it. This paper aims to describe a court decision that is discriminatory and opens up opportunities for the criminalization of child victims of rape. The results of the analysis show that the problem began when Public Prosecutor decided to use the Aceh Qanun of Jinayat to resolve this case and ignore the Child Protection Act. The Public Prosecutor was considered not to be careful in preparing the indictment letter in an alternative form with the first indictment being rape of a child (Article 50), the second indictment being adultery with a child (Article 34), and the third indictment being sexual abuse of a child (Article 47). Mixing the qualifications of criminal acts in the perpetrator-victim relationship (rape and sexual harassment) with adultery which is classified as a criminal act committed voluntarily between the two parties is inappropriate. The next mistake is when the public prosecutor charged the defendant in the requisition with the crime of adultery with a child. This decision is very detrimental to the interests of the victim because, in the crime of adultery, the victim who is a child can also be positioned as the perpetrator, can be processed by law, and be subject to sanctions. The peak of the error was that the panel of judges did not use the perspective of child victims in their decision at all. The fact that the child victim and the defendant have a courtship relation cannot be used as a basis that the intercourse that occurred was adultery, not rape. Moreover, the juridical facts show that the child victims suffered abrasions and torn hymen. This case would be more appropriate if it was resolved using Article 76D in conjunction with Article 81 of Law Number 35 of 2014 as an act of forcing a child to have sex.","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128910421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minang Women in The Patriarchy Cultural Maelstrom: Viewed from The View of Religion and Culture","authors":"T. Valentina, Cici Safitri","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316280","url":null,"abstract":". This study aimed to determine the position of women in Minangkabau when viewed from a patriarchal culture in terms of religious and cultural perspectives—using the theory of nature and nurture by using the perspective of religion, culture, and family. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. At the same time, the object of this research is Minangkabau ethnic women who are active in organizational activities both in the realm of government or in non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Technique’s data collection is done using interview and observation methods, and then the data is analyzed through interview transcripts and reduced by making abstractions as a core discussion. This study shows various opinions stating that currently women: women in minang customs have experienced degradation. Their success in holding heirlooms is only a symbol, the management of property by Bundo Kanduang is only possessing, not controlling, so the expression \"women reign but not rule\" applies. The degradation is caused by the current globalization, capitalism, which makes minang women's position beyond the limits of ability. Judging from the contact of customs and religion, the position of minang women benefits because by custom, they are the owners of high heirlooms, and the man is the head of the family. He is obliged to provide for his wife. This, the position of women in Minangkabau in patriarchal culture is seen in the context of culture and religion by nature cannot be equated because it cannot be separated from the teachings of \"adat basandi syarak and syarak basandi Kitabullah”.","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132172822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender and Fatalism in The Reality of Pregnancy, Childbirth and Maternal Death in Minangkabau","authors":"Yunarti Yunarti, A. Afrizal, H. Helmi, D. Djafri","doi":"10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-8-2021.2316262","url":null,"abstract":". Maternal death due to pregnancy and childbirth is a reality that leaves many concerns because a mother should not suffer or die because of carrying out reproductive functions. A woman's chances of dying or becoming disabled during pregnancy and childbirth are closely related to her social and economic status, cultural norms, the geographical remoteness of her residence, to the gender relations that surround her. These variables can directly or indirectly affect mothers' access to health services. This paper highlights one of these variables and describes how gender relations in the Minangkabau family can be barriers for mothers to obtain health services during pregnancy and childbirth. Method. This research is qualitative exploratory through cases encountered in the field. They use observation techniques and semi-structural interviews guided by a list of questions to answer the research objectives. Results. Women decide matters relating to reproductive rights and events based on the attitude of their husbands and the experiences of senior women in the family. Educational and financial limitations reinforce this. There are restrictions on women's autonomy in decision-making, which affects their access to health services. The need to obtain health services during pregnancy considers the opinions of husbands, mothers-in-law, and mothers or grandmothers. Conclusion. Gender value systems and traditional experiences of senior women underlie women's procrastination towards their health needs. This attitude fosters an attitude of fatalism that makes women ignore the fulfillment of the demand for adequate health services.","PeriodicalId":434973,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131659761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}