Minang Women in The Patriarchy Cultural Maelstrom: Viewed from The View of Religion and Culture

Abstract

. This study aimed to determine the position of women in Minangkabau when viewed from a patriarchal culture in terms of religious and cultural perspectives—using the theory of nature and nurture by using the perspective of religion, culture, and family. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. At the same time, the object of this research is Minangkabau ethnic women who are active in organizational activities both in the realm of government or in non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Technique’s data collection is done using interview and observation methods, and then the data is analyzed through interview transcripts and reduced by making abstractions as a core discussion. This study shows various opinions stating that currently women: women in minang customs have experienced degradation. Their success in holding heirlooms is only a symbol, the management of property by Bundo Kanduang is only possessing, not controlling, so the expression "women reign but not rule" applies. The degradation is caused by the current globalization, capitalism, which makes minang women's position beyond the limits of ability. Judging from the contact of customs and religion, the position of minang women benefits because by custom, they are the owners of high heirlooms, and the man is the head of the family. He is obliged to provide for his wife. This, the position of women in Minangkabau in patriarchal culture is seen in the context of culture and religion by nature cannot be equated because it cannot be separated from the teachings of "adat basandi syarak and syarak basandi Kitabullah”.