Nutrition and Dietary Supplements最新文献

{"title":"Dietary Practices and Their Determinants Among Pregnant Women in Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Mahlet Yalewdeg, Mahlet Birhane, Yohannes Adissu","doi":"10.2147/nds.s267453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s267453","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study is therefore designed to assess dietary practices and its determinant among pregnant women in Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia, 2018. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed at Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia from May to June 2018 among 351 study participants. The sample size was calculated using a single population proportion formula. Pregnant women were identified by health extension workers. A lottery method was used to select each pregnant woman. Sample was drawn proportionally based on the number of pregnant women in each selected kebele (small administrative unit). The dietary practice of pregnant women was determined by using ten items. Knowledge of pregnant women about dietary consumption was assessed by using 8 questions. Attitude towards dietary practice was assessed by asking 9 attitude questions. Data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and cleaned and analyzed by using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 24. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with dietary practices. Results: In this study, 113 (32.2%) of study participants had good dietary practices. The mean (standard deviation) age of study participants was 29±5.9years. Over one-third (76.9%) of mothers were housewives. Regarding knowledge and attitude, 45.6% and 42.8% of respondents had good dietary knowledge and a positive attitude, respectively. Educational status (adjusted odds ratio 2.72; 95% CI; 1.46–5.07), monthly income (AOR; 3.01, 95% CI; 1.19–7.63), antenatal follow-up (AOR; 0.46, 95% CI; 0.23–0.94), knowledge (AOR; 2.32, 95% CI; 1.23–4.37) and attitude (AOR; 1.9, 95%C; 1.03–3.52) were determinants of dietary practices. Conclusion: Less than one-third of pregnant women (32.2%) presented good dietary practices. Educational status of the mother, monthly income, ANC visit, knowledge, and attitude were the factors that affect the dietary practices of pregnant women. Since dietary practices of pregnant women are relatively low in the current study, community-based nutrition education specifically on intake of both micro- and macronutrients during pregnancy should be considered by the federal and regional governments of Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44703812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Afghan Chehelghoza (Pinus gerardiana L.) Pine Nut Diet Enhances the Learning and Memory in Male Rats","authors":"Kawsar Alami, Sayed Yousof Mousavi","doi":"10.2147/nds.s278350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s278350","url":null,"abstract":"Point Purpose: The aim of this study is the evaluation of the effect of Afghan Chehelghoza as a constituent of diet on behavioral parameters, especially learning and memory of male rats. Methods: Rats were divided into six groups: control group, diazepam group as the positive control, and 2, 6, 12 and 25% chehelghoza-treated groups, which received chehelghoza combined with their food for 28 days. After treatment, the rat’s behavior was evaluated by Y-maze, elevated plus maze, Morris water maze and radial arm maze. In addition, their brain was extracted and weighed. The body weight of rats was also measured during the study. Results: The results showed that the time spent in target quadrant and brain weight were increased in 12 and 25% chehelghoza-treated groups significantly (P<0.05). Also, the difference between the percentage of spontaneous alternation and the number of crossing, percentage of time spent in and the number of entries into open arms of only 25% chehelghoza-treated and the control groups was significant. Besides, on day 28, the body weight of all chehelghoza-treated groups was diminished as compared with the control group. Conclusion: We can conclude that chehelghoza combination with food in high doses can improve the spatial working memory and reference memory, increase the brain weight, as well as reduction in anxiety behavior.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44164884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micronutrients Deficiency and Their Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review","authors":"Muluken Walle Birhanie, A. Adekunle, A. Arowojolu, T. T. Dugul, Akiloge Lake Mebiratie","doi":"10.2147/nds.s274646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s274646","url":null,"abstract":": Micronutrients are vitamins, minerals and trace elements that are used in minute doses as cofactors, antioxidants and modulators of gene transcription homeostasis. MMNs may have a role in averting or treating adverse pregnancy outcomes and maternal complications. In 2016, WHO suggested the use of iron-folic acid (IFA) rather than multiple micronutrients (MMNs) during pregnancy owing to some feared adverse outcomes like perinatal mortalities. However, this effect is debatable as such complications could be also due to genetic or environmental factors. Therefore, this appraisal should provide appropriate infor-mation and guidance to health workers, scholars and policymakers. This review includes large sample-sized studies with a special focus on developing countries like Ethiopia. The articles were selected using systematic searching with Boolean operators, advanced search techniques, snowballing and search limits. Mendeley was used as a reference management tool where the source of databases and references were PubMed, AJOL, Google Scholar, IRIS, Summon, DOAJ, Cochrane Library, Oxford Medicine Online, WHO reproductive health libraries majorly from the Hinari program. Articles from BMC, American Society for Nutrition, Lancet, Elsevier, John Wiley and Sons LTD, PLoS One, Springer and Nature Publishing Groups were also used. The results showed that there are no variations in adverse effects between MMNs and IFA. Moreover, MMNs are valuable in anemic pregnant women with lower preconception weight as it increases maternal weight and reduces low birth weight and anemia more than IFA. Therefore, MMNs may have greater health benefits than IFA for the offspring by minimizing fetal complications and the cost of their treatment, resulting from the MMN deficiency state.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41308956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics for Prosperity: Is There a Role for Probiotics in the Fight Against Obesity? Review of Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"E. Barengolts, Michael Salim, Arfana Akbar, F. Salim","doi":"10.2147/nds.s243097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s243097","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Obesity is a chronic disease that is acquiring pandemic proportions. Emerging research suggests that probiotics can be a valuable yet still an underutilized modality for obesity treatment. This review aims to analyze and summarize recent data focusing on published meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to help understand the role of probiotics in fighting obesity. Materials and Methods: Meta-analyses were sought and reviewed from PubMed, Cochrane Central Library, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for body weight and/or BMI changes (two main outcomes of interest). Results: The literature review identified 14 meta-analyses. On average, the meta-analyses dedicated to probiotics included 4–15 trials with 154–994 participants, whereas more inclusive probiotics and/or synbiotics analyses included 15–68 trials with 895–4015 participants. Eleven out of 14 meta-analyses showed that probiotic use in RCTs resulted in reduced body weight and/or BMI compared to placebo. An average weight loss was 0.6 kg, and the most substantial loss was 4.8 kg corresponding to 0.7% and 5.9% reductions in body weight, respectively. Probiotics’ use was associated with improved health outcomes in addition to weight loss and was safe. The subgroup analyses showed that the probiotic forms (supple-ments vs food) and the dosages (lower vs higher than 10 10 CFU/day) did not substantially influence weight loss. The single species particularly helpful for weight loss appeared to be casei, L. delbrueckii, L. reuteri, L. rhamnosus , a combination of L. curvatus and L. plantarum and Bifidobacterium longum. Bacillus subtilis and Akkermansia muciniphila also had a potential as anti-obesity probiotics. Conclusion: Probiotics, despite small effects, could be a valuable addition to the armamentarium of obesity management. Further basic and translational research and clinical trials are required to elucidate mechanisms and specific probiotic and patients’ types for the best achievable precision medicine approach to the obesity epidemic. A combination of the following","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47106974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Undernutrition Among Adult People on Antiretroviral Therapy in Goba Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia: A Case–Control Study","authors":"Falaho Sani Kalil, Teshome Kabeta, Habtemu Jarso, M. Hasen, J. Ahmed, Shukuri Kabeta","doi":"10.2147/nds.s276311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s276311","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s276311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47921346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential Role of Xanthohumol in SARS-CoV-2 Treatment—Globally Accessible and Economically Viable","authors":"M. Caplin, Luohai Chen","doi":"10.2147/nds.s265857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s265857","url":null,"abstract":"Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in significant global morbidity and mortality and there are a lack of effective therapies There is a need for treatment which could be available for all in the global community, as well as within hospital, which is efficacious, affordable and safe Xanthohumol from hop extract has been shown in vitro and in vivo to have antiviral properties against RNA and DNA viruses but also importantly anti-inflammatory properties against severe respiratory syndrome via inhibition of NF kappa B dependent pathways We review the evidence for xanthohumol to be considered as a treatment for SARS-CoV- 2 infection We need an economic and globally available therapy and thinking beyond the traditional is important;thus, studies are warranted to assess efficacy of xanthohumol against SARS-CoV-2","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s265857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44690861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnitude and Its Predictors of Minimum Dietary Diversity Feeding Practice Among Mothers Having Children Aged 6–23 Months in Goba Town, Southeast Ethiopia, 2018: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"H. Gezahegn, Mekonnen Tegegne","doi":"10.2147/nds.s243521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s243521","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diversified foods are considered key indicators of a balanced diet. Consumption of a minimum of four from the seven food groups is described as a minimum for dietary diversity. Nearly two-thirds of malnutrition-related child mortality is due to inappropriate feeding practice during the first two years of life. In Ethiopia, only five percent of children aged 6–23 months received a minimum diversity diet. Therefore, this study was intended to assess the predictors of minimum diversified diet feeding practice among mothers having children aged 6–23 months, in Goba Town, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based survey was employed in Bale-Goba town, Southeast Ethiopia from April to May 2018. A total of 517 study subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique. A pretested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Ethical clearance was obtained from Madda Walabu University, Goba Referral Hospital. Data were entered to EpiData3.02 and analyzed using SPSS version 20, and the association between dependent and independent variables was assessed using bi-variable and multiple logistic regression. Statistical significance was considered with 95% confidence interval and p-value of less than 0.05. Results: The proportion of children receiving minimum dietary diversity was 39.8% (95% CI 35.52, 44.08). Postnatal care visit (AOR=1.9 95% CI 1.3, 2.8) and attending growth-monitoring follow-up (AOR=1.5 95% CI 1.001, 2.2) were independent predictors, statically significant with dependent variable. Conclusion: Almost forty percent received minimum dietary diversity among the study subjects. Attending postnatal visit and having growth-monitoring follow-up were factors associated with minimal meal frequency practice. Encouraging mothers to attend postnatal care visits and fre-quently bring their children to growth-monitoring follow-up is highly recommended. http://doi.org/10.2147/NDS.S243521","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s243521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43611901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Child Feeding Practice Among Mothers of Woldia Town, Northeast Ethiopia","authors":"Lidiya Dagne Asmare, Mesfin Wudu Kassaw, A. Abebe, B. Abate, Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne","doi":"10.2147/nds.s264282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s264282","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Improving infant and young child feeding practices in children aged 6 to 24 months is crucial to improved nutritional status, and growth and development. Ethiopia had practiced infant and young child feeding through health extension package. Nevertheless, the prevalence of malnutrition, particularly stunting, is still notorious for the Amhara region of Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess complementary feeding practice and associated factors among mothers, who had children aged 6 to 24 months old in Woldia town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 415 mothers who had children aged 6 to 24 months old in Woldia town. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the required sample in house-to-house level. Interview was used to collect data using a pretested and validated questionnaire. The practice was considered using timely introduction, minimum dietary diversity, and meal frequency. The data was entered to EpiData version 4.2.0.0 and imported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. A descriptive statistic to present categorical variables, and bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions to assess the associations were computed. A variable with P -value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The optimal complementary feeding practice among early children was 49.6% (95%CI: 44.7–54.4%).The educational status of mothers (AOR: 0.37,95%CI: 0.18–0.75), number of children in the family (AOR: 3.50,95%CI: 1.57–7.83), and place of delivery (AOR: 3.24,95%CI: 1.33–8.07) had association with complementary feeding practice. Conclusion: The prevalence of optimum complementary feeding practice is low. Thus, mothers need to consider all components of food diversification like meat/fish/chicken while preparing their infants’ and young children’s meal. For this purpose, health education should be delivered for mothers to promote utilization of varied food groups, as well as to improve the content of complementary food.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48715580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Dietary Practices on Vitamin A and Iron Among Maasai Pregnant Women: A Mixed-Method Study, Ngorongoro, Tanzania","authors":"N. Mshanga, H. Martin, P. Petrucka","doi":"10.2147/NDS.S264592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NDS.S264592","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Provision of micronutrients knowledge is important during pregnancy as it informs mothers what to eat and avoid, to ensure sufficient micronutrient absorption by the mothers and fetuses. Most studies focus on general nutrition knowledge and dietary practices, but there is minimal known about micronutrient knowledge especially in pastoral societies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explain the current micronutrient knowledge and dietary practices of pregnant women in this unique pastoral society. Methods: This is a mixed-method study that involves focus group discussions and questionnaires in assessing the micronutrient knowledge and frequency micronutrients dietary practices of Maasai pregnant women from one week to thirty-six weeks pregnant. Chi-square test and descriptive statistics, such as percentages, frequency distribution and measures of central tendency, were used to assess socio-demographic data, micronutrients knowledge and frequency of micronutrients dietary practices and the comparison between knowledge and dietary practices, while inductive thematic content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Results: In total, 140 questionnaires were completed with a response rate of 100% and 32 participants drawn from this group attended one of four focus group discussions. The study found that most participants had good knowledge of dietary iron, while less than a quarter (24.3%) had good knowledge of vitamin A. Moreover, there was a statistical significance difference (P=0.043) between knowledge and dietary practices. Low dietary micronutrient intake was primarily due to cultural restrictions, prohibition in cultivating and unavailability of micronutrients rich foods in this geographical area. Conclusion: The majority of the study participants had good knowledge of iron compared to vitamin A; however, they do not translate the knowledge in dietary practices. Therefore, the Government of Tanzania through Ministry of Education and Health should introduce different interventions to increase micronutrients knowledge and practices in pastoral societies.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NDS.S264592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48704413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Acute Malnutrition Among Children Aged 6–59 Months Visiting Public Health Facilities in Gambella Town, Southwest Ethiopia: Unmatched Case–Control Study","authors":"Gatjiek Tut, Dereje Tsegaye","doi":"10.2147/nds.s256000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s256000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46839788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}