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Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference最新文献

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Scaling properties in neural network learning 神经网络学习中的尺度特性
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154575
M.C. Schiminsky, B. Onaral
{"title":"Scaling properties in neural network learning","authors":"M.C. Schiminsky, B. Onaral","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154575","url":null,"abstract":"Working definitions of learning and learners are examined from the scaling point of view. A back-error propagation neural network was trained to plot sin (x) given an input x (- pi >or= x >or= pi ). The parameters for the simulation are the following: input-output (pattern) pairs=200; input units=1; hidden units=20; output units=1; learning rates=0.1; momentum term constant=0.2; weights and thresholds set to random values between (-1, 1); number of trials where input samples were randomly selected=8585. The performance curve consists of the cumulated number of errors less than 0.1 in absolute value vs trial number. It is noted that the scaling exponent ranges from a value of 0.34 in the lower decade (10-100) to 0.66 in the upper decade (1000-10000), reflecting the heterogeneities in scaling along the training process.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125284524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computational studies of blood flow in the heart in two and three dimensions 二维和三维心脏血流的计算研究
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154588
D. McQueen, C. Peskin
{"title":"Computational studies of blood flow in the heart in two and three dimensions","authors":"D. McQueen, C. Peskin","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154588","url":null,"abstract":"A computational model of blood flow in the heart is developed. The numerical method is based on the projection method for solving the time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations. This method has been used to study the flow of blood in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional models of the heart. The two-dimensional model has been used to study flows through the mitral valve, both natural and prosthetic. The three-dimensional heart model, based on anatomical dissections of the myocardial fiber paths, should be able to do in three dimensions the kinds of studies which have been successfully performed in two dimensions. Computer-generated videotapes showing results from both heart models are shown.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125323804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Acoustic enhancement of electrically evoked otoacoustic emissions: experiment and model results 电诱发耳声发射的声增强:实验和模型结果
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154652
S. Xue, D. Mountain, A. Hubbard
{"title":"Acoustic enhancement of electrically evoked otoacoustic emissions: experiment and model results","authors":"S. Xue, D. Mountain, A. Hubbard","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154652","url":null,"abstract":"The authors explore the effect of acoustic stimuli on electrically evoked acoustic emissions (EEAEs). A sinusoidal current of 15 mu A of either 350 Hz or 750 Hz was injected into the second turn of the gerbil cochlea while acoustic signals were stepped in both sound pressure level and frequency. At each acoustic frequency, emission data without acoustic input were taken as control, and the acoustic stimuli were varied from 30 dB SPL to 80 dB SPL in 6 steps. The results show that EEAE can be enhanced up to 20 dB by presenting acoustic stimuli to the cochlea. Acoustic enhancement is highly dependent upon the condition of the cochlea. The greatest enhancement occurs for acoustic frequencies near the characteristic frequency of the electrode place. The enhancement threshold (1 dB enhancement) tuning curve is similar to a cochlea tuning curve in shape, but is more broadly tuned. This suggests that the emissions originate from a distributed cochlear region centered around the electrode place. A model based on simple assumptions gives results which are in qualitative agreement with the experimental data.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114767930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A biomechanical study of a cervical spine stabilization device 颈椎稳定装置的生物力学研究
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154563
M. E. Smith, J. Parsons, N. Langrana, M. Cibischino, C.K. Lee, L. Gustavson, K. Kaiser
{"title":"A biomechanical study of a cervical spine stabilization device","authors":"M. E. Smith, J. Parsons, N. Langrana, M. Cibischino, C.K. Lee, L. Gustavson, K. Kaiser","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154563","url":null,"abstract":"The biomechanical properties of surgically destabilized cervical spine motion segments are evaluated. The segments were fixed with spinal fixation plates and tested. The Roy-Camille spinal fixation plates were utilized as the stabilizing device. Results are compared with intact motion segments. It is shown that segments C3-4 and C4-5, when severely destabilized by a surgically created defect, can effectively be restabilized through proper application of Roy-Camille spinal fixation plates. In flexion/extension and torsion the passive range of motion is virtually eliminated in the plated motion segments. Tests to failure of these severely destabilized, plated spines demonstrate failure by screw pull-out.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127046357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An artificial neural network for studying binaural sound localization 用于双耳声音定位研究的人工神经网络
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154551
A. Moiseff, F. Palmieri, M. Datum, A. Shah
{"title":"An artificial neural network for studying binaural sound localization","authors":"A. Moiseff, F. Palmieri, M. Datum, A. Shah","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154551","url":null,"abstract":"A three-layer neural network is used to solve the problem of extracting relative azimuth and elevation positional information from signals detected by two directional receivers that are spatially separate. This is analogous to the ability of owls to localize the position of sound sources based solely on the properties of the signals reaching the two ears. Although the network implemented does not require any specific knowledge about acoustical parameters or propagation properties, a simple model of the acoustical environment is used to generate simulated data for training the network. The neural network is trained according to the multiple extended Kalman algorithm. The network successfully transforms phase and intensity differences of simulated acoustical signals into relative azimuth and elevation consistent with the simulated model.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124512057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Ultrasound Doppler system with swept frequency excitation 采用扫频激励的超声多普勒系统
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154662
P. Pedersen, J. Wilhjelm
{"title":"Ultrasound Doppler system with swept frequency excitation","authors":"P. Pedersen, J. Wilhjelm","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154662","url":null,"abstract":"A Doppler system based on frequency modulated excitation signals (FM Doppler) in the form of coherent linear sweeps is described. Both depth and velocity information can be extracted from the received signals by either of two processing schemes: phase shift measurement (PSM) and frequency (or spectral) shift measurement (FSM). The PSM is similar to the processing used in the conventional pulsed wave (PW) Doppler while the FSM is performed through cross-correlation of the magnitude frequency spectra of consecutive demodulated received signals. The FM Doppler system is characterized by low peak power, the possibility for spectral compensation of attenuation and transducer effects, and-for the FSM processing-no aliasing problems.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129480697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Scalp potentials follow the low frequency envelope of complex acoustic stimuli 头皮电位跟随复杂声刺激的低频包络
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154651
W. Dolphin, D. Mountain
{"title":"Scalp potentials follow the low frequency envelope of complex acoustic stimuli","authors":"W. Dolphin, D. Mountain","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154651","url":null,"abstract":"Scalp potentials which follow the low frequency envelope of an amplitude modulated (AM) stimulus waveform were evoked and recorded from anesthetized gerbils. This envelope following response is presumably due to the synchronized discharge of populations of neurons in the auditory pathway. AM stimuli, alone and in the presence of pure-tone maskers of varying frequencies, were presented and scalp potentials recorded. A strong envelope following response, at the frequency of the modulator, was obtained to AM stimuli alone. The response could be eliminated by the simultaneous presentation of a masking stimulus (f/sub mask/). When f/sub mask/ was close to the carrier frequency, responses at the modulation frequency were diminished by up to 20 dB. Measurements of the group delay, determined from the phase of the response relative to the stimulus phase, indicate that the response is generated in at least three distinct brain regions.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131093647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Automatic segmentation of cardiac images: texture mapping 心脏图像的自动分割:纹理映射
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154645
C. Fortin, W. Ohley, H. Gewirtz
{"title":"Automatic segmentation of cardiac images: texture mapping","authors":"C. Fortin, W. Ohley, H. Gewirtz","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154645","url":null,"abstract":"Image texture is used to segment left ventricular magnetic resonance (MR) images. The approach is built upon assumptions regarding those probability density functions (PDFs) present within the image. Specifically, an algorithm is constructed which assumes that the data are distributed as fractional Brownian motion (FBM). The FBM is parameterized by H, which quantifies the roughness present in the image texture. When the algorithm is applied to MR data, a bimodal histogram results. This allows automatic classification of the data with resulting LV segmentation.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121104443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Noninvasive sensor arrays: separate evaluation of inputs for adaptive noise reduction 非侵入式传感器阵列:自适应降噪输入的单独评估
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154665
E. Ciaccio, E. Micheli-Tzanakou
{"title":"Noninvasive sensor arrays: separate evaluation of inputs for adaptive noise reduction","authors":"E. Ciaccio, E. Micheli-Tzanakou","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154665","url":null,"abstract":"An algorithm is described which optimally reduces additive noise from a biological signal, given one primary input and multiple reference inputs, by the method of least squares. The algorithm separately compares two parallel cost functions for each reference input, in gain space, as a means of updating the global weight vector. At the global minimum of the cost function, optimal noise reduction is achieved. The algorithm requires minimal code, and rapidly converges even with the signal to noise ratio <<1. On an IBM PC-XT, the algorithm adaptively processed four analog inputs for noise reduction (400 Hz sampling) to provide an output optimized in real time.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126172389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A rapid kindling paradigm used to examine hippocampal neuroplasticity 一种用于检查海马神经可塑性的快速点燃范式
Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1991-04-04 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1991.154653
R. Austin-Lafrance, P. Morgane, J. Bronzino
{"title":"A rapid kindling paradigm used to examine hippocampal neuroplasticity","authors":"R. Austin-Lafrance, P. Morgane, J. Bronzino","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1991.154653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1991.154653","url":null,"abstract":"The authors report the development of a stimulation paradigm designed to induce the kindled state in a significantly shorter time frame than the traditional kindling model of epilepsy. This paradigm was used to examine kindling in prenatally protein malnourished adult rats. Electrical stimulations of 5-s duration were applied to the perforant pathway every 5 min for 1 h over 5 days. Behavioral manifestations of seizure were scored on a five-point scale. The rapid kindling paradigm described provides a means of examining the development of kindled seizures in a significantly shorter period of time, but with comparable behavioral and electrophysiological outcome, than the traditional kindling paradigm.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":434209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Seventeenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126764573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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