Journal of Israeli History最新文献

{"title":"A short history of Zionist and Israeli political Marxism","authors":"O. Nir","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2020.1807114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2020.1807114","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, I argue that despite seemingly intractable disagreements between different Zionist and Israeli political Marxists, they share a common theoretical and political perspective, which cannot simply be summed up as the commitment to a set of universal values. Rather, I argue that common to all Zionist and Israeli political Marxists is a commitment to a particular struggle at their historical moment, only through which universal socialism is claimed to be achievable. I use three examples from different historical periods to demonstrate this thesis. I argue that for Ber Borochov in 1907, the commitment to Zionist immigration and settlement is what enables Jews to participate in a universal socialist revolution; For Moshe Sneh, writing in 1954, only by embracing Israeli patriotism can Israelis work toward socialism; and for Tamar Gozansky in 1986, it is the commitment to Palestinian self-determination that makes possible universal anti-capitalist struggle. Thus, for each of these political Marxisms, universal socialism is only achievable through a commitment to some concrete particular struggle, one that is not expressed in terms of class.","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2020.1807114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42228413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boundaries, bridges, analogies and bubbles: Structuring the past in Israeli mnemonic culture","authors":"Yael Zerubavel","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2020.1815982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2020.1815982","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines mnemonic practices and discursive strategies that structure the past and its relation to the present, drawing on examples from Israeli Jewish culture. The discussion explores the discursive construction of an “event” as a singular development and underscores the significance of its beginning and ending. It analyzes the impact of introducing symbolic bridges connecting separated historical periods, proposing historical analogies that highlight recurrent historical patterns, creating mnemonic bubbles governed by commemorative time, and conflating historical events into multilayered commemorations. These temporal structures, often anchored in mnemonic traditions, continue to influence the understanding of the past.","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2020.1815982","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45851677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Or la-goyim”: From Diaspora theology to Zionist dogma","authors":"A. Kaye","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2020.1782810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2020.1782810","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The term “a light unto the nations” is a hallmark of modern Jewish identity but the subtle divergences in the meaning of the expression among its diverse proponents shed light on the continuities and differences among modern Jewish ideologies. David Ben-Gurion, in particular, regarded the calling to be “a light unto the nations” as a central mission of the State of Israel. Before the 1950s, however, almost all Zionists, including Ben-Gurion himself, repudiated the term because they associated it with diasporist ideology. This article explores its shifting meanings in Zionist discourse, with a special focus on Ben-Gurion’s rhetoric. It explains Ben-Gurion’s changing attitudes term and shows how his innovative uses of the term allowed him to navigate between modernity and traditional Judaism, between Zionism and its opponents, and between the various streams within the Zionist movement. It reminds us that the lexical continuity of figurative terms can mask conceptual fluctuation and enhances a picture of Zionism that acknowledges both its revolutionary novelty and its place in the long continuum of Jewish life.","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2020.1782810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46578167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What’s love got to do with it? The emotional language of early Zionism","authors":"D. Penslar","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2020.1736803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2020.1736803","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article looks to European Jewry between the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to illuminate the role of love in a modern nationalist movement. In the third quarter of the nineteenth century, the political activist Moses Hess (1812–1875) and the historian Heinrich Graetz (1817–1891) professed a sentimental love of Jews and of the land of Israel. In the 1880s, the hovevei tsion (Lovers of Zion) movement produced poetry in which attachment to Zion and the Jewish people was more romantic than sentimental, oscillating between a passive, mournful yearning for the land and an active, muscular striving to rebuild it. With the advent of Herzlian political Zionism, the Zionist labor movement, and the Zionist-Palestinian conflict, the more dynamic variety of romanticism became dominant, and it assumed more explicitly erotic and militant dimensions than had previously been the case. Older forms of sentimental love did not disappear, however. Until the end of his life, the Zionist leader Nahum Sokolow (1859–1936) remained convinced that sentimental love was Zionism’s overarching organizing principle.","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2020.1736803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47078920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The demobilization of the Israeli labor movement","authors":"Tal Elmaliach","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2020.1818025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2020.1818025","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While scholars agree that the labor movement’s demise was a turning point in Israeli history, they have failed to explain how, why, and even when it happened. The influence wielded by its cultural institutions declined in the 1960s; political support for it declined in the 1970s, and its economic institutions crumbled in the 1980s. Which of these marks the beginning of the end? Were these manifestations related to each other and, if so, how? And why did it take such a long time? I argue that the Israeli labor movement’s rise and fall can only be understood if it is viewed as a social movement integrating, as most labor movements do, economic, political, and cultural functions. While these components operated in harmony, the movement prospered; when they worked at cross-purposes, it deteriorated.","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2020.1818025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44179212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The illusive collective memory: Revisiting the role of law in Israel’s Holocaust narrative","authors":"Rivka Brot","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2020.1799526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2020.1799526","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article focuses on three “Holocaust trials”: the Kapo Trials (1950–70); the “Kasztner Trial” (1953–58); and the Eichmann Trial (1961), to decipher the illusion of collective memory that marks the Eichmann Trial as the first Israeli legal confrontation with the Holocaust. It argues that the historical–legal oblivion into which the “Kapo Trials” sank is not a product of the mere passage of time, but a systematic reconstruction located in the socio-political and legal contexts of Israel’s early years. The article shows that, when neglecting certain socio-legal conditions, the law can operate not only as a “lieu de mémoire” as Pierre Nora showed us but also as a site of forgetting.","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2020.1799526","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42797940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The maternal roles of Hanna Rovina: Familial-national imagination in the Yishuv during WWII","authors":"Shelly Zer-Zion","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2020.1812020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2020.1812020","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the years of WWII, when Hanna Rovina was in her fifties, her cultural image as “the mother of the nation” coalesced in the Yishuv. This article explores this public image, while looking at two of her successful dramatic roles of that time, the title roles in Jacob Gordin’s Mirele Efros, Karel Čapek’s The Mother and an exemplary performance that she gave in Italy for the soldiers of the Jewish Brigade. These performances reveal how Rovina’s maternal image constructed the her as an ephemeral site of both intimate familial and ethnic national memory. The Jewish nation conceived of itself as a big family, with a specific, Eastern European collective biography and a clear center symbolized by the mother.","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2020.1812020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41840579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Routledge handbook of Israeli Security","authors":"R. Pinfold","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2019.1717167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2019.1717167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2019.1717167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42858356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desert in the promised land","authors":"Dan Tamïr","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2019.1717777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2019.1717777","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2019.1717777","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45382601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Israel and Jewish communities worldwide: New approaches and directions","authors":"M. Berkowitz, Daniel Mahla","doi":"10.1080/13531042.2019.1714174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2019.1714174","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue of The Journal of Israeli History reflects on the development of complicated relationships between the yishuv, and later, the State of Israel, with Jews worldwide, including those who identify with the Zionist movement while mainly residing outside of Palestine and Israel. The characterization of such relationships were (and are) frequently couched in emotionally-charged terms, ranging from ardent love and a fervent embrace, to cold distance suffused with contempt and rejection. In a great deal of Zionist and Israeli discourse, “diaspora,” the term most frequently used for Jewish communities beyond the yishuv and Israel, infers that the Land of Israel is the center, and the Diaspora, the periphery. Those living outside of the exalted center are denigrated as spiritually diminished, purportedly endemic to galut and exile. In Zionist mythology, individual and collective redemption is exclusively attained by making aliyah and settling in the Land of Israel. Such vague and quasi-mystical hyperbole has long been inextricably bound with the earthly politics of Zionism and the vicissitudes of approaches to Israel. But while Zion as a messianic utopia, the shape of which depends on one’s variety of Jewishness, remains an abstract ideal, the Zionist movement and the State of Israel has played a variety of roles with regard to Jews and their communities. And since its creation in 1948, Israel has stimulated and helped shape the perceptions and self-perceptions of Jews around the world. These communities have simultaneously influenced Israeli culture, society and politics. Populationmovement in both directions is a key element of these relations asmigrants serve as agents of transcultural exchange and considerably determine mutual perceptions. These complex and multilayered relations and their representations were the common theme of a workshop held at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich in May 2016. Most of the contributions to this volume were, in their earlier incarnations, presented at this workshop. Each of them, however, have been expanded and revised according to the stipulation of the editors and anonymous readers for the journal, to whom the editors express their gratitude. The first article, “Early Danish Zionism and the Ethnification of the Danish Jews,” by Maja Gildin Zuckerman, explores the early Zionist movement as an agent of change in the entire Danish Jewish community. The scrutiny of Danish Zionism, despite being a distinct minoritywithin-a-minority phenomenon, enhances our understanding of the impact of incipient Zionism precisely through the organizational means by which the movement’s adherents","PeriodicalId":43363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Israeli History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13531042.2019.1714174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42708735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}