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Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97最新文献

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A performance analysis of distributed hard-real time applications 分布式硬实时应用程序的性能分析
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634296
S. Saad-bouzefrane, F. Cottet
{"title":"A performance analysis of distributed hard-real time applications","authors":"S. Saad-bouzefrane, F. Cottet","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634296","url":null,"abstract":"In distributed hard real-time applications there is a need for temporal analysis to evaluate and optimise a design with respect to the deadlines. The key method is the scheduling analysis of such applications, which means the schedulability not only of its tasks but of its messages too. The authors present a schedulability analysis which allows one to determine the timing parameters of messages and to update those of tasks. Given an initial task set characterised by temporal attributes and network interactions, this methodology permits one to produce valid execution sequences and to evaluate the relevant timing factors. Simulation results done with CAN and FDDI protocols are deduced.","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116649356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
A MAC protocol and a scheduling approach as elements of a lower layers architecture in wireless industrial LANs 一种MAC协议和调度方法，作为无线工业局域网中较低层体系结构的元素
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634293
A. Willig
{"title":"A MAC protocol and a scheduling approach as elements of a lower layers architecture in wireless industrial LANs","authors":"A. Willig","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634293","url":null,"abstract":"The work-in-progress paper describes some elements of efforts in defining an architecture and an appropriate set of protocols for industrial local area networks (ILAN) with wireless communication media. The major focus is on lower layer protocols. The main elements are a description of data link layer services, a MAC protocol and a scheduling approach taking into consideration special properties of wireless media. The proposed MAC protocol is a variant of TDMA attacking its known problems. The goal of the link state dependent scheduling approach is to increase transmission efficiency over wireless links.","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127067460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Open control-the standard for PC-based automation technology 开放式控制——基于pc的自动化技术的标准
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634316
A. Baginski, G. Covarrubias
{"title":"Open control-the standard for PC-based automation technology","authors":"A. Baginski, G. Covarrubias","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634316","url":null,"abstract":"The industrial PC is playing an increasingly significant role in the field of control technology. These days, machine and system builders can compile their own automation solutions using hardware and software components from a variety of manufacturers. This opens up a whole new world of options for implementing manufacturer independent, cost effective automation solutions. In order to prevent possible interface problems in these open solutions, the open control user group has defined the CALL interfaces. These CALL interfaces enable simple data exchange, not only during the design phase, but also during the runtime of an automation solution. In addition, CALL enables access to distributed components via a fieldbus system such as INTERBUS (or other).","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130390057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
VACANS-a tool for the validation of CAN-based applications 用于验证基于can的应用程序的工具
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634323
Y. Song, F. Simonot-Lion, P. Belissent
{"title":"VACANS-a tool for the validation of CAN-based applications","authors":"Y. Song, F. Simonot-Lion, P. Belissent","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634323","url":null,"abstract":"To verify a priori if time constraints of a distributed real time application will be respected, one needs to develop a model suitable for the verification. The paper presents a method for modeling CAN based applications. The models are well suited to performance evaluation for the verification of time constraints. This approach is supported by the tool VACANS, integrating on the one hand a simulation method which allows it to take into account actual needs and to furnish real system performance results and on the other hand the analytic method developed by K. Tindell and A. Burns (1994) which provides the worst case message response time. This tool supports the specification of an application in terms of tasks, inter task data flow task behavior, mapping of tasks onto nodes and CAN network. Such a specification is automatically translated into a simulation model and, when the application only generates periodic messages, translated into an analytic model. The simulation is carried out using the Opnet simulation tool. The user can then verify if the time constraints are met in the actual case or in the worst case. We show the pertinence of the modeling approach and of the VACANS by applying them to an industrial case study.","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124137956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Connection allocation schemes for guaranteeing hard real-time communications with ATM network 保证与ATM网络硬实时通信的连接分配方案
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634300
Z. Mammeri, K. Haouam
{"title":"Connection allocation schemes for guaranteeing hard real-time communications with ATM network","authors":"Z. Mammeri, K. Haouam","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634300","url":null,"abstract":"Two technical advantages of ATM, end-to-end QoS and high bandwidth, make ATM suitable for distributed real time systems (DRTSs). However, ATM capabilities cannot be used correctly and efficiently without an adequate mapping of timing constraints of messages onto ATM services. The paper presents an approach for a \"systematic\" mapping of real time message attributes onto parameters, and quality of service, of ATM connections. This approach is useful for one who needs to develop a distributed real time application above ATM with only little knowledge of ATM protocols. A message scheduling algorithm based on EDF is used to deal with the sharing of an ATM connection between several message sources.","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125455645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Engineering families of protocols using a formal language: successes and failures 使用形式语言的工程协议族:成功与失败
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634351
J. Gregoire
{"title":"Engineering families of protocols using a formal language: successes and failures","authors":"J. Gregoire","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634351","url":null,"abstract":"So called formal methods are notoriously weak on the \"method\" side. Refinement is arguably one of the best established method supported by mathematical notations and tools. We explore the use of refinement to specify retransmission mechanisms of communication protocols. Starting from a very abstract channel, we present a partial hierarchy of protocols ending with a fairly complex variation on sliding windows. While we were able to specify such a hierarchy, we have found that the benefits of using refinement to specify such protocols in a practical setting are limited.","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132512186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using the planning scheduler in real-time fieldbuses: theoretical model for run-time overhead 在实时现场总线中使用计划调度程序:运行时开销的理论模型
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634289
Luís Almeida, R. Pasadas, J. Fonseca
{"title":"Using the planning scheduler in real-time fieldbuses: theoretical model for run-time overhead","authors":"Luís Almeida, R. Pasadas, J. Fonseca","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634289","url":null,"abstract":"A typical approach to real-time fieldbus arbitration is the use of an off-line scheduler that generates a cyclic static table containing the allocation of bus-time-slots to the broadcasting of process control variables. The use of a planning scheduler is proposed instead. This scheduler compromises between the advantages and disadvantages of typical dynamic and static scheduling. Particularly, it allows for higher operational flexibility than the traditional cyclic static approaches and presents a lower run-time overhead than the traditional dynamic approaches. A possible implementation of the planning scheduler is described and a theoretical model is presented for the runtime overhead caused by the scheduler on an average-case assumption. The validity of the model is checked against the results of several experiments conducted on an experimental low-cost real-time fieldbus.","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131655849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Implications of emerging technologies on factory communication systems 新兴技术对工厂通信系统的影响
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634279
J. Pimentel
{"title":"Implications of emerging technologies on factory communication systems","authors":"J. Pimentel","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634279","url":null,"abstract":"The emerging technologies of intelligent systems ATM (asynchronous transfer mode), and multimedia hold great promises for factory communication systems (FCS). By an intelligent system, we mean one that can acquire information and adjust its behaviour accordingly in an autonomous fashion. An intelligent network can adapt its configuration and behaviour depending upon available resources and characteristics of the applications. In addition to using pre-wired or pre-programmed information for adapting its configuration and behaviour, an intelligent system uses techniques from neural networks, fuzzy systems, and soft computing to learn from its environment and in this way fine tune its configuration and behaviour. The paper discusses the potential of intelligent systems, ATM, and multimedia systems to meet current and future requirements of FCS.","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"40 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121017011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Applying Internet management standards to fieldbus systems 将互联网管理标准应用于现场总线系统
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634313
M. Knížák, M. Kunes, M. Manninger, T. Sauter
{"title":"Applying Internet management standards to fieldbus systems","authors":"M. Knížák, M. Kunes, M. Manninger, T. Sauter","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634313","url":null,"abstract":"Today each fieldbus system has its own network management. In contrast to this multitude of solutions, we discuss a unified approach in that we integrate a fieldbus into the management framework of the Internet. Such a combination provides access to the fieldbus system from local or global computer networks by the use of common LAN management tools. We present different network management standards and examine their strengths and shortcomings. It turns out that SNMP meets all our requirements. We then analyse different approaches for the actual interconnection and present a solution for the fieldbuses Profibus and P-NET.","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133284353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Future tendencies in factory environment radiocommunications 工厂环境无线电通信的未来趋势
Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97 Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.1997.634295
J. A. Milanés, M. Gallardo, M. Montero, J. M. Hernando, F. Fontán, J. Espinosa, J.I. Gomez, I. Hidalgo
{"title":"Future tendencies in factory environment radiocommunications","authors":"J. A. Milanés, M. Gallardo, M. Montero, J. M. Hernando, F. Fontán, J. Espinosa, J.I. Gomez, I. Hidalgo","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.1997.634295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.1997.634295","url":null,"abstract":"Just in time technics are difficult and expensive to configure and implement quickly in factories, changes in machinery and control station locations, mobile robots, etc. WLANs solve these needs because they give one the possibility of easy reconfiguration, mobility and wide range control of machinery, robots, sensors, valves, etc., as well as physical layer viability. Because of this they are necessary in factories and industrial plants. The survey paper tries to summarize recent improvements in radiopropagation models for the WLANs used in industries. Both microcellular and indoor factory propagation environments are considered. Future trends are treated and discussed.","PeriodicalId":433593,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems. WFCS'97","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134334593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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