TEXTILE HISTORY最新文献

{"title":"Jools Gilson and Nicola Moffat, eds, Textiles, Community and Controversy: The Knitting Map","authors":"Alla Myzelev","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1835253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1835253","url":null,"abstract":"opened up an apparently endless supply, and until 1800 beaver fur was the main trade between America and Europe: the 21 million hats made in Britain for export between 1700 and 1770 consumed 60 million pelts. Fur founded the fortunes of the Hudson’s Bay Company and of John Jacob Astor, the wealthiest American of his era. Less fortunate, however, were Native American hunters, whom traders set against one another, destroying the tribes’ ecology and social systems. The poor beavers, meanwhile, were only saved by the advent of the silk top hat. The beavers’ story is painful, but the central theme of Smith’s book is the shocking impact of hats on the bird world. A felt hat demands ornament, unless you are a Puritan. Most of us are Cavaliers and we like feathers — which, of course, have no real function. Feathers on military headgear might be said to make leaders visible to their men. Not always a good idea: in Sarajevo the helmet of Archduke Ferdinand sported green ostrich feathers, making him an all-too visible target. Ostrich plumes were a favourite hat-trim, and in North Africa ostriches were hunted to near-extinction. Farming in nineteenth-century South Africa saved them — until feathers became pass e in 1912, when the birds were shot or left to fend for themselves. Hummingbirds, parrots and kingfishers were massacred for nineteenthcentury millinery — but the truly terrible slaughter was of the egret. Its delicate, desirable plumes grew in the breeding season, and because the bird had to be killed before the feathers lost their lustre, chicks were left to starve. A conservationist in Florida in the 1890s followed ‘the screams of young birds ... [and saw] heaps of dead Herons... the back of each bird raw and bleeding ... young Herons left to perish from exposure and starvation’. This is one of many horrific descriptions we find in Smith’s book, and if I have any reservations about the book it would be a sense of overload: too many deaths become numbing. Are we justified in exploiting the natural world for survival? Or for personal adornment? These are difficult but important questions, and Smith is convincingly condemnatory in his answers. The chapter on ‘Ladies with Influence’ charts the battle for protective legislation, and he acknowledges the efforts of American and British conservationists — mainly women — who fought to regulate the trade. Protective legislation was fiercely opposed but passed by 1918. It was, however, fashion rather than the law that saved birds: the 1920s cloche had no space for feathers, thus ending (for the moment) the big feathered hat. In this respect, the book underplays the potency of fashion, that ‘something in the air’, an implacable force that caused such carnage and then quite arbitrarily brought it to a halt.","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1835253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41766847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pasold Research Fund/Taylor & Francis Textile History Open Access First Publication Award","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1851512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1851512","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1851512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47921763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charlotte Jirousek with Sara Catterall, Ottoman Dress and Design in the West: A Visual History of Cultural Exchange","authors":"A. Phillips","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1835254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1835254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1835254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43580244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Note","authors":"Marina Moskowitz, Vivienne Richmond","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1852710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1852710","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1852710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41267379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rise and Fall of the Spinning Jenny: Domestic Mechanisation in Eighteenth-Century Cotton Spinning","authors":"J. Styles","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1812472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1812472","url":null,"abstract":"In February 1777, Imbert de St Paul, the French government’s inspector of manufactures at Nimes, witnessed a spinning jenny at work for the first time. An experienced member of the state industrial bureaucracy, he had already heard about the jenny, which had been introduced into France by one of his colleagues in 1771. Nevertheless, he had to confess it ‘is a very ingenious machine, though very simple, and seeing it work, we were all simply astonished we had failed to guess its secret’. Invented in England in the mid-1760s by the Lancashire weaver James Hargreaves, this simple but ingenious machine remains a familiar icon of the Industrial Revolution, its origins and its impact repeatedly interrogated in the search for explanations of Britain’s eighteenth-century economic transformation. The jenny features as a key technical breakthrough — a ‘macroinvention’ — in the two most influential recent interpretations of the Industrial Revolution: Robert Allen’s The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective and Joel Mokyr’s The Enlightened Economy: An Economic History of Britain, 1700–1850. For Allen the spinning jenny was a macroinvention because it was a new technology with big effects. Its importance lies in its impact, setting in train a long trajectory of advance that resulted in huge increases in productivity. It is ‘the industrial revolution in miniature’, the machine that exemplifies Allen’s argument that the demand for technological innovation was shaped by the relative prices of factors of production — for the jenny, principally labour and capital — in an eighteenth-century English economy characterised by high wages, but cheap capital. Mokyr, by contrast, insists that macroinventions are only very weakly related to economic forces, if at all, and that their precise timing is difficult, perhaps impossible, to explain. He presents them as radical new ideas that emerge without clear precedent, but have dramatic economic consequences. Less invested than Allen in the economic theory of induced innovation, he presents the jenny as just one of a cluster of macroinventions in cotton spinning that emerged in Lancashire between 1760 and 1780, a cluster that included Richard Arkwright’s water frame and","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1812472","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44741019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Crutchley Archive: Red Colours on Wool Fabrics from Master Dyers, London 1716–1744","authors":"A. Quye, D. Cardon, J. B. Paul","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1799731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1799731","url":null,"abstract":"The Crutchley Archive is a rare book collection with over a thousand dyeing instructions and colourful dyed patterns from an eighteenth-century wool fabric dyeing business in Southwark, London, owned by John Crutchley and his family. Our research of the outstandingly detailed dyeing materials and methods by text study, dyed textile history, dye analysis and colorimetry reveals unprecedented insight for ‘in grain’ and ‘out of grain’ dyeing of medium to high quality wool fabric using cochineal, stick lac, madder and other dyes, and shows the dyers to be skilled colourists. Other novel discoveries are instructions translated from Flemish or Old Dutch into English, a range of dyed patterns with broadcloth ‘lists’ (distinctive selvedges) and monogrammed dyeing calculations. Customer cash transactions were from 5s to £2,586. This research has resulted in UNESCO Memory of the World Programme recognition of the Crutchley Archive as significant documentary heritage for UK textile history.","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1799731","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41807992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malcolm Smith, Hats: A Very UNnatural History","authors":"C. Hughes","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1835252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1835252","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1835252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46940134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anne Grosfilley, African Wax Print Textiles","authors":"Nicole Villarreal","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1741217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1741217","url":null,"abstract":"make in this book is a methodological one. They aim to demonstrate the utility of what they term ‘object-attentive’ scholarship by examining extant objects alongside more ‘traditional’ written and pictorial sources. They do this very effectively, particularly in their analysis of the textiles, stitching, marking, mending and signs of wear found in and on surviving tie-on pockets, which provide information about the material features of and practices surrounding pockets not recorded elsewhere. The book is liberally illustrated in full colour, and the bibliography contains a list of the numerous pockets the authors studied in public collections, a practice that will hopefully become more widespread in future dress histories. In sum, The Pocket is an enlightening and engaging account of both the use of tie-on pockets and women’s material lives in the long eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and is to be highly commended.","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1741217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48881083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Hand in Hand: The Artistic and Spiritual Life of Dame Werburg Welch’, William Allen Gallery, Ushaw College, Durham, UK, 6 April–29 June 2019","authors":"Caroline Rendell","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1741274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1741274","url":null,"abstract":"The celebrants stand as an assembled congregation in the William Allen Gallery, Ushaw College, facing silently towards you as you enter the exhibition and encouraging you to wander amongst them. Each figure is simply presented on a small raised plinth, each with an unobtrusive text panel. There are no barriers to impede your enjoyment of the textiles, the construction of the embroidery or the woven decoration. Each figure is dressed in an example of the designs of Dame Werburg Welch (1894–1990), skilfully worked by the hands of her fellow sisters of Stanbrook Abbey. Eighteen copes, chasubles and dalmatics are displayed. In the colours of the liturgy, they are adorned with striking orphreys and hoods. The designs are treated with restraint, blending images that are both powerful and tender. They do not overwhelm the vestments, nor would they have been a distraction to the congregation when they were in use. Instead, the messages they convey are reverential, and they are executed with radical simplicity. In 1915 Eileen Grace Welch entered the novitiate at Stanbrook Abbey, taking on the name ‘Werburg’ after the seventhcentury Anglo Saxon saint, and was given the honorary title of ‘Dame’ in line with Benedictine tradition. Art was her passion. Welch had studied art at Bournemouth and later Bristol art schools, where she excelled in life drawing. On entering Stanbrook Abbey she had expected to give up art in this contemplative and","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1741274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44494430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘La Vie en Rose’, Museo Del Traje, Madrid, Spain, 16 November 2018–19 May 2019","authors":"Jenny Gilbert","doi":"10.1080/00404969.2020.1741273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1741273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43311,"journal":{"name":"TEXTILE HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00404969.2020.1741273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47220998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}