Solid State Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Electrical transport and Seebeck measurements in highly disordered channels buried in diamond","authors":"Sana Salami ,&nbsp;Max Marrot ,&nbsp;Régis Debord ,&nbsp;Rémy Fulcrand ,&nbsp;Nicholas Blanchard ,&nbsp;Zuko Mthwesi ,&nbsp;Nyiku Mahonisi ,&nbsp;Stéphane Vignoli ,&nbsp;Patrice Mélinon ,&nbsp;Romain Bachelet ,&nbsp;Arthur G. Every ,&nbsp;Valentina M. Giordano ,&nbsp;Christophe Adessi ,&nbsp;Shunmugam R. Naidoo ,&nbsp;Stéphane Pailhès","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ion implantation enables the creation of conductive channels buried beneath the surface of diamond, with their depth, thickness, and microstructure being controllable through careful selection of implantation and annealing parameters. We investigate the low-temperature dependence of electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient in these channels, which consist of an intricate network of various sp<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> carbon configurations with different topologies and geometries at the nanometer scale. As the annealing temperature increases, we observe the existence of two distinct electronic transport regimes, characterized by a change in the curvature of the temperature-dependent conductivity and a sign change in the Seebeck coefficient, differing by several orders of magnitude between the two regimes. We show that these temperature-dependent behaviors are remarkably well captured by a hopping-based electronic transport model, where the overall conductivity results from a set of non-interacting percolation paths, and that the two regimes are associated with two distinct statistics that describe the distribution of the percolation paths in the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108029"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The single-phase composition and thermoelectric performance of defective half-Heusler Ti1-xNiSb prepared by levitation melting","authors":"Mengmeng Xiao ,&nbsp;Qingying Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanjie Qie ,&nbsp;Sheng Qian ,&nbsp;Shen Han ,&nbsp;Chenguang Fu ,&nbsp;Teng Fang ,&nbsp;Tiejun Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recently developed defective 19-electron half-Heusler (HH) compounds hold significant promise as high-temperature thermoelectric (TE) materials. Determining the single-phase composition of these defective 19-electron HH compounds is crucial for optimizing TE performance and ensuring their stability in applications. However, the single-phase composition of defective Ti_1-<em>x</em>NiSb remains a subject of debate. Here, we systematically investigated the single-phase composition and TE performance of defective HH Ti_1-<em>x</em>NiSb synthesized by levitation melting. Our findings reveal that the single-phase composition is influenced by the synthesis-related thermodynamics. The single-phase of samples prepared by levitation melting (0.05 &lt; <em>x</em> &lt; 0.10) differs significantly from that of samples prepared by arc melting (0.15 ≤ <em>x</em> ≤ 0.25), even when subjected to the same annealing conditions. The low lattice thermal conductivity, resulting from phonon scattering due to a high concentration of Ti vacancies, combined with an enhanced power factor (PF), leads to a maximum <em>zT</em> of 0.4 for Ti_0.80NiSb at 1019 K, which is up to 500 % higher than that of nominal TiNiSb.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108040"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of lithium doping and organic phases on the electrical and dielectric properties of sodium titanate solid-state electrolytes","authors":"Jardson Braz da Silva ,&nbsp;Juliana Pereira da Silva ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Lavareda dos Santos ,&nbsp;Salomão dos Santos Costa ,&nbsp;Yan Matheus Colares Pinto ,&nbsp;Marcos Vinicius Passos Colares ,&nbsp;Ruan Carlos Ambrosio Raposo ,&nbsp;Francisco Xavier Nobre ,&nbsp;Monica Tirado ,&nbsp;Angsula Ghosh ,&nbsp;Lianet Aguilera Domínguez ,&nbsp;Ramo'n Raudel Peña Garcia ,&nbsp;Yurimiler Leyet Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy storage technologies have attracted widespread attention due to the growing global demand. In this context, we present a detailed study of the structural, electrical, and dielectric properties of sodium titanate samples, with Na₂Ti₃O₇ as the predominant crystalline phase and Na₂Ti₆O₁₃ as the secondary phase, following lithium addition. Additionally, the synthesis route also produced samples capable of retaining organic phases, derived from the solvents used, even after thermal treatment at 900 °C. The above materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Rietveld refinement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), complex impedance spectroscopy, distribution of relaxation times analysis (DRT), and density-functional calculations. In samples with retained organic phases, the presence of C₂₀H₁₀O₂ was observed in the sample without lithium addition, whereas, lithium hydrogen maleate (C₄H₇LiO₆) and C₂₀H₁₀O₂ were detected in the sample on lithium addition. Density functional analysis was performed to obtain detailed information on the various phases. Moreover, the gap values of the phases demonstrated an increase in conductivity due to the presence of the organic phases. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a morphology already known for sodium titanate. It is characterized by uniform rod-like structures, with particle sizes ranging between 1 μm and 2 μm in samples without organic phases. In contrast, samples with organic phases exhibited a distinct morphology, with low uniformity and significant variations in particle sizes. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the predominance of bands below 920 cm⁻¹, characteristic of Ti – O, Ti – O – Ti, and Na – O bonds. Furthermore, complex impedance spectroscopy revealed a two- order-of-magnitude increase in conductivity for the 1 % lithium sample containing organic phases, compared to the pure ceramic sodium titanate sample. Dielectric analysis reveals a synergistic effect between lithium incorporation and organic phase retention, leading to enhanced energy storage capacity. Distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis shows strong agreement with the equivalent circuit models obtained via ZView software from the complex impedance data. The above results confirm the feasibility of the use of sodium titanate in solid-state electrolytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly sol-gel synthesis and comprehensive analysis of Ruthenium-substituted Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera gum","authors":"Qudsiya Y. Tamboli ,&nbsp;Pramod D. Mhase ,&nbsp;Ibraheem Bushnak ,&nbsp;Awatef M. Alshehri ,&nbsp;Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi ,&nbsp;Sunil M. Patange ,&nbsp;Kranti R. Zakde","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, ruthenium-substituted cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) nanoparticles were synthesized using an eco-friendly sol-gel method with <em>Moringa oleifera</em> gum as a natural chelating and stabilizing agent. Structural analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of a highly crystalline spinel phase, with minor secondary RuO₂ phases at higher substitution levels. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed a uniform nanoscale morphology with limited agglomeration. Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) validated successful Ru incorporation and preserved spinel vibrational modes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated the stable substitution of Ru³⁺ ions into the octahedral sites without significant alteration of Co²⁺ and Fe³⁺ oxidation states. Optical studies using UV–Vis spectroscopy indicated a tunable bandgap from 3.25 to 2.5 eV with increasing Ru³⁺ content. Magnetic measurements revealed superparamagnetic behavior with decreasing saturation magnetization and coercivity upon Ru substitution. These results highlight the potential of Ru-substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for multifunctional applications in magnetic, optical, and catalytic technologies, while emphasizing the advantages of sustainable synthesis routes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible light-driven photocatalytic performance of (Ni, Co)Fe2O4-carbon quantum dots nanocomposites: Synthesis and optimization via Box–Behnken design","authors":"Vo Chau Ngoc Anh ,&nbsp;Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa ,&nbsp;Trinh Ngoc Dat ,&nbsp;Ho Van Minh Hai ,&nbsp;Le Thi Hoa ,&nbsp;Nguyen Van Hue ,&nbsp;Tran Ngoc Tuyen ,&nbsp;Dinh Quang Khieu","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of spinel-type Ni_xCo_1-xFe₂O₄-carbon quantum dots (CQDs) nanocomposites were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method, utilizing inorganic precursors and starch as a green carbon source. The obtained nanocomposites exhibited uniform particle sizes (∼9 nm), a narrow bandgap (∼2.2 eV), and superparamagnetic behavior (saturation magnetization ∼7.6 emu/g; coercivity ∼11 Oe), which facilitated magnetic separation. Their photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation of crystal violet (CV) under simulated solar irradiation, resulting in a removal efficiency of up to 94.7 %. The process parameters, including dye concentration, catalyst mass, and irradiation time, were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box–Behnken design (BBD). The optimal conditions were determined to be a CV concentration of 7.4 mg/L, a catalyst mass of 51.0 mg, and an irradiation time of 157 min, with the model showing excellent agreement between experimental and predicted values (<em>R</em>² = 0.995; <em>R</em>²_<em>a</em> = 0.987; <em>R</em>²_{<em>pred</em>} = 0.937). These results suggest that Ni_xCo_1-xFe₂O₄-CQDs nanocomposites are promising candidates for efficient, magnetically recoverable photocatalysts for environmental remediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced CO2 adsorption in synthesized cube-shaped zeolitic 4A framework","authors":"Nisrine Jabli,&nbsp;Zineb Ouzrour,&nbsp;Abderrahman Mellalou,&nbsp;Johan Jacquemin,&nbsp;Youssef Tamraoui,&nbsp;Fouad Ghamouss","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the urgent need for efficient and cost-effective CO₂ capture materials by exploring the synthesis of zeolite 4A using natural kaolin as a precursor. Through a controlled hydrothermal process, a highly crystalline Na-zeolite A framework was synthesized and rigorously characterized using XRD, SEM, FTIR, and BET analyses and its CO₂ performances were investigated under varying temperatures and pressures. The finding revealed that the produced NaA zeolite exhibited a CO₂ maximum uptake of 3.625 mmol/g at −20 °C and 13 bar. This result surpasses previously reported values for zeolite 4A, showcasing the material's enhanced adsorption capabilities. The equilibrium data were simulated using Freundlich, Langmuir and Sips isotherms. Based on the coefficient of determination (R²), the best result of the equilibrium data fit with the Sips isotherm at different adsorption temperatures. Thermodynamic studies showed spontaneous and exothermic adsorption behaviour with a ΔH of −18.385 kJ/mol, ΔS of −55 J/mol.K, and ΔG of −4.471 kJ/mol obtained at −20 °C. Thermodynamic and isothermal modeling confirmed the exothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption process, reinforcing the material's potential in sustainable CO₂ mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dielectric properties of chromium-based low entropy, medium entropy, and high entropy spinel oxides","authors":"Sushanta Mandal,&nbsp;Tirthankar Chakraborty,&nbsp;Sourav Marik","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Entropy stabilizes oxides, a new area of materials research promises special qualities because of their configurational entropy. In this work, we studied chromium-based spinel oxides with different compositional entropies from low entropy <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mtext>Ni</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mtext>Mn</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><msub><mrow><mtext>Cr</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mtext>O</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> to high entropy oxides <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mtext>Ni</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mtext>Mn</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mtext>Co</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mtext>Cu</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mtext>Zn</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><msub><mrow><mtext>Cr</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mtext>O</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> systems to explore their microstructural, dielectric, and electrical characteristics. The XRD analysis reveals that with increasing entropy, no systematic trend is observed in crystallite size, microstrain, or dislocation density, indicating a complex structural evolution. The non-linear dielectric behavior of chromium-based spinel oxides has been demonstrated through an analysis of the real dielectric constant and tangent loss by the modified Debye model. This study reveals that the dielectric properties concurrently enhance as configurational entropy increases systematically from low to high in chromium-based oxides. The high entropy sample shows better dielectric constants and reduced tangent loss, which can be ascribed to the combined effects of multi-element effects and greater ion mobility. The interfacial polarization hypothesis proposed by Maxwell and Wagner has been utilized to comprehend the behavior of dielectric constants. The detailed investigation of dielectric properties might be beneficial for electrical and electrochemical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108020"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of photostimulated-luminescence properties in Yb:BaCl2 and Yb:BaBr2 for imaging plate applications","authors":"Shota Otake,&nbsp;Takumi Kato,&nbsp;Kensei Ichiba,&nbsp;Daisuke Nakauchi,&nbsp;Noriaki Kawaguchi,&nbsp;Takayuki Yanagida","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optical and photostimulated-luminescence (PSL) properties of Yb:BaCl₂ and Yb:BaBr₂ translucent ceramics were evaluated for imaging plate applications. The samples were prepared by the spark plasma sintering method. A transmittance of the Yb:BaCl₂ and Yb:BaBr₂ samples at an emission wavelength (440 nm) was 30 and 44 %, respectively. In the photoluminescence and PSL spectra, the emission peak was observed at 440 nm due to the 5 d–4f transitions of Yb²⁺, and the decay time constants were approximately 60–70 μs. In PSL dose responses, the signals were detectable in the range of 0.1–1000 mGy for the Yb:BaCl₂ sample and 0.01–1000 mGy for the Yb:BaBr₂ sample. Regarding the spatial resolution of an X-ray image as an imaging plate, the Yb:BaCl₂ and Yb:BaBr₂ samples exhibited superior results to a commercial imaging plate (HR-BD, Fujifilm).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108032"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irradiation-induced modifications in the thermoelectric performance of tellurides: A comprehensive review","authors":"Puspender Singh Beniwal,&nbsp;Yogita Batra","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal management and the energy crisis have been two major concerns in the 21^st century. The thermoelectric concept is viewed as an ideal answer to both concerns. This review discusses tellurium (Te)-based thermoelectric materials that demonstrate good thermoelectric performance. Every material must be changed at the microstructural level to increase its electrical and thermal transport capabilities. This article analyzes the contribution of various changes in the atomic arrangement and defects in the material which enhances the thermoelectric performance after irradiation. It provides a comprehensive review of Te-based materials as thermoelectric materials with the effect of irradiation using charged/uncharged particles and appropriate energy beams. It addresses the elements and aspects that underpin the overall idea of material-radiation interaction. It explains the beam interaction of ion, electron, neutron, and gamma irradiation and shows how Te-based thermoelectric materials modify their optical, electrical, and structural behavior. This article clearly illustrates how variations at the atomic level in Te-based materials affect the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and, eventually, the Figure of merit (<em>ZT</em>) of these thermoelectrics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite way to superior thermoelectric performance in In filled Co4Sb12","authors":"Sivakumar Neelakandan,&nbsp;Krishnendu Biswas","doi":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2025.108028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Filled skutterudites are known as a promising material for thermoelectric applications owing to their high zT values. The most explored approaches to reduce the thermal conductivity of CoSb₃-based materials are either filling suitable electropositive elements into the voids or the formation of composites. The two approaches were combined in this study by preparing and sintering composites of In_0.2Co₄Sb₁₂ and TiS₂ via a gas-solid reaction method. Phase formation of the composites and their surface morphologies were confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A high-power factor along with a low thermal conductivity value was observed for the 3 % TiS₂ composition resulting in a maximum zT value of 0.32 at 573 K. This is attributed to the 2D structure of the minor phase acting as effective phonon scatterers thereby reducing the thermal conductivity progressively without greatly affecting the electrical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":432,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Sciences","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108028"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}