Russian Family Doctor最新文献

{"title":"Diagnosis and management of patients with glaucoma in general medical practice","authors":"L. Degtyareva","doi":"10.17816/rfd623330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd623330","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the importance of the timely diagnosis of suspected glaucoma. Data on the frequency of glaucoma are presented. Key clinical manifestations and diagnostic actions are described. Atypical symptoms are identified separately, according to which it is possible to suspect glaucoma. Recommendations on the interaction between a general practitioner and an ophthalmologist in the treatment of glaucoma are given. The multiplicity and volume of dispensary monitoring in patients with suspected glaucoma and glaucoma are indicated.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"88 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139612961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In memory of Professor E.V. Frolova","authors":"O. Y. Kuznetsova, A. Turusheva, I. Moiseeva","doi":"10.17816/rfd623974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd623974","url":null,"abstract":"This obituary is dedicated to Professor E.V. Frolova of the Department of Family Medicine, a member of the editorial board of the Russian Family Doctor Journal.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139613268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of smoking and consumption of nicotine-containing products among students of medical and technical universities (PROTECT)","authors":"M. Pokhaznikova, O. Y. Kuznetsova, K. V. Ovakimyan, Rosa R. Fatkieva, Anna Yu Goryaeva, Elena A. Andreeva, Aleksandr E. Sychev, A. Litvinova, Daria S. Mamonkina, Maria S. Skornyakova","doi":"10.17816/rfd622943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd622943","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The study of the prevalence of the use of tobacco and nicotine-containing products among young people is an ongoing and critical area of research. This article presents the analysis of data from the pilot phase of the study “Prevalence of smoking and consumption of nicotine-containing products among students of medical and technical universities” (PROTECT), which was planned for 2023 among students of the North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov (Saint Petersburg), Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk), and Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University “LETI” named after V.I. Ulyanova (Lenina) (Saint Petersburg). \u0000AIM: To examine the prevalence and patterns of the use of tobacco and nicotine-containing products, attitudes toward smoking behavior, perceptions of smoking, use of nicotine-containing products, and their effects among students. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was followed. An only anonymous questionnaire survey was used as the main method of research. \u0000RESULTS: The pilot phase involved 118 respondents from randomly selected groups outside the main study sample (mean age, 20.9 ± 2.6 years, 54.2% men). The analysis included demographic data, questions about the respondent’s environment, attitudes toward smoking/use of nicotine-containing products, and perceptions of smoking/use of nicotine-containing products. Students of medical universities and technical universities accounted for 70.3% and 29.7% of the sample, respectively. In total, 73.7% of the students did not smoke or consume nicotine-containing products. Nonsmoking students were younger than cigarette smokers and/or nicotine-containing product smokers: 20.3 ± 2 vs 24.8 ± 3.4 years (р 0.01). The proportion of students who do not use any tobacco or nicotine-containing products was higher than that of smokers (cigarette/vaping/electronic cigarette/tobacco heating systems; 73.7% vs. 26.3%). Smokers included 71.0% predominantly nicotine-containing product users and 16.1% users that smoked a combination of tobacco and nicotine-containing products. Friends of smokers smoked more often than nonsmokers (90.3% vs. 56.3%; р 0.01). Positive or neutral attitudes toward smoking (71.0% vs 47.1%; р 0.05), vaping (74.2% vs 45.9%; р 0.05), and vaping relatives (45.2% vs 18.4%; р 0.01) were more observed among smokers than among nonsmokers. Compared with nonsmokers, smokers are more likely to attribute the benefits of smoking (25.8 vs 6.9%; р 0.05) and believe that vapors are effective as a nicotine dependence treatment (29.0% vs 9.2%; р 0.05) and are a safe alternative to smoking (22.6% vs 6.9%; р 0.01). \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The developed online questionnaire is simple and understandable to respondents, and the data are correctly stored, allowing it to be used in the main phase of the study. The identified trends indicate the popularity of nicotine-containing products among students, and more detailed studies are required.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"71 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139613321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of the competencies, morals and personal attitudes of medical students towards older people","authors":"Valeriia A. Kovaleva, T. Kovaleva, E. N. Pariyskaya, L. B. Zakharova, A. Ariev","doi":"10.17816/rfd322032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd322032","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organization the number of people aged 60 and older continues to grow, resulting in an increased demand for geriatric medical care from physicians and junior medical personnel. However, there is a shortage of geriatricians due to the complexity of interacting with older adults, limited promotion of this field by the medical profession and healthcare system as well as a lack of interest among medical students in choosing geriatrics as a future specialization. \u0000AIM: To investigate the personal values of medical students at Saint Petersburg State University Faculty of Medicine by assessing their level of empathy and personal profile. The goal was to provide a rationale for understanding the reasons behind positive or negative attitudes towards older adults and their reluctance to work in geriatrics. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 139 medical students at St. Petersburg State University Faculty of Medicine, aged between 17 and 29 years. The level of empathy and personal profile of the respondents were assessed using the following methods: V.V. Boykos Diagnosis of Empathy Level, I.M. Yusupovas Diagnosis of Empathy Level, and the 13-factor Cattells Personality Test. The moral and personal attitudes of medical students towards older adults as well as their willingness to work in geriatrics, were examined through questionnaire surveys. \u0000RESULTS: The medical students exhibited average and below-average levels of empathy, which is presumably influenced by the particularities of their personal and professional development. Analysis of the students personal profiles revealed emotional stability, responsibility, a sense of duty, and a certain inclination towards empathy. Although the personal profile did not solely focus on assessing the desire to help older adults, the study showed that young peoples positive response to a request for assistance from an elderly person depended on their level of openness, tolerance, trust, social group expectations and the influence of public opinion. Insufficient gerontological competence often leads students to have stereotypical views about geriatrics and a lack of clear understanding of the specific needs of this age group. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The obtained data can be used in methodologies and educational programs to adjust the competency, moral values and personal attitudes of medical students towards older adults. This can lead to changes in future specialists perspectives on specialized geriatric care and facilitate the incorporation of these recommendations in the training of general practitioners.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130951417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination adherence and level of knowledge: Is there a relationship?","authors":"O. Kuznetsova, Y. Khalimov, I. Moiseeva, A. Turusheva","doi":"10.17816/rfd501781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd501781","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Immunization coverage should be 95 to effectively protect the population from infectious diseases. From 2019 to 2021 global immunization coverage in the world has decreased from 86 to 81%, which is due to an increase in distrust of vaccination among both patients and medical personnel. \u0000AIM: To assess the vaccination adherence of physicians, nurses, and other medical institutions staff and its impact on the likelihood of vaccination recommendations for patients. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: A convenient sample of employees of public and private clinics in Saint Petersburg (n = 465). \u0000RESULTS: 80% of the study participants with higher medical education, 70% with nurse education and 43.5% without a medical background have a positive attitude towards vaccination. High knowledge level increases vaccination adherence. Doctors who vaccinate themselves according to the national immunization schedule are 17 times more likely to recommend vaccination to their patients. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Only 80% of the study participants with higher medical education, 70% with nurse education and 43.5% without a medical background have a positive attitude towards vaccination. The high level of knowledge of doctors about vaccination is the main factor that increases the likelihood of their recommendation of vaccination to patients.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"451 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129673820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychoemotional disorders of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment options","authors":"I. Bakulin, V. S. Stamboltsyan, I. Oganezova","doi":"10.17816/rfd321284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd321284","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel diseases, which include Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis, according to the World Gastroenterological Organization occupy one of the leading places in the structure of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of the rate of spread and relevance of research in most countries of the world. The currently existing therapy regimens, which are standardized depending on the form of the disease and the severity of the course, do not take into account the psycho-emotional component of the disease. Progressive course, frequent exacerbations, restriction of social activity, the presence of extra-intestinal manifestations and complications lead to early disability and significantly worsen the quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128762997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New coronavirus infection and liver lesions","authors":"N. Prokofieva, I. Bakulin, E. G. Nemtsova, O. Chizhova, T. S. Fil, A. G. Sushilova, E. Y. Pavlova, M.S. Orlenko","doi":"10.17816/rfd404456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd404456","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: According to published research outcomes, liver dysfunction is one of the predictors of adverse outcome COVID-19. \u0000AIM: To study the frequency and severity of liver damage in COVID-19 and suggest therapeutic and prevention approaches to liver damage. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 171 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at the age of 2194 (mean age 59.85 14.96). Clinical and biochemical blood tests, coagulogram, blood ammonia test, number linkage test, multislice computed tomography of the chest, and 13C-metacetin breath test. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the volume of lung injury. Statistical processing of the results was performed with the software SPSS 26. \u0000RESULTS: The most frequent symptoms were manifestations of intoxication syndrome, respiratory failure, the severity of which correlated with the volume of lung tissue damage according to multislice computed tomography of the chest. In both groups, the activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, and alkaline phosphate increased. However, significant distinctions in the groups were revealed only for gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and alkaline phosphate levels. The level of C-reactive protein in both groups directly correlated with the level of cytolysis and cholestasis, indicating a significant role of the liver in pathological processes in COVID-19. Conclusion: Hyperammonemia and decreased liver functional reserve of various severity were observed in all patients. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate the diagnostic value of the studied parameters for the evaluation of liver damage, as well as the applications of prevention and treatment measures for liver lesions in patients with COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131081139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of distance learning of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of an elderly patient with a low-energy fracture","authors":"O. Lesnyak, E. Frolova, A. Turusheva, E. Gladkova","doi":"10.17816/rfd321859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd321859","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: In the Russian Federation, high mortality and unsatisfactory treatment results of elderly and senile patients with low-energy fractures have been noted. Urgent implementation of a systematic approach to the treatment and prevention of osteoporotic fractures is needed, for which it is necessary to train a large number of medical professionals involved in care of these patients. \u0000AIM: To create a distance learning course demonstrating the importance and effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach to the management of an elderly patient with a fracture and to evaluate its effectiveness. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The course used the TeleECHO technology based on the analysis of specific clinical cases by a multidisciplinary team of experts. Active interaction with the audience was carried out through interactive voting. The evaluation of the effectiveness of training was carried out using a questionnaire conducted before and after the course. \u0000RESULTS: The training was attended by doctors and health care managers from 208 regions of the Russian Federation, as well as 10 other countries, most of whom were orthopedic surgeons. A survey conducted before the course showed an unsatisfactory audiences understanding of current approaches to the care for elderly people with fractures. Upon completion of the training, most of the participants mastered the principles of the orthogeriatric approach and were ready to implement them into their practice. 94% of the attendees expressed their willingness to participate in future sessions on this topic. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Distance learning of the principles of a multidisciplinary approach in the health care for elderly patients with low-energy fractures, based on participation of trainees in the discussion of specific clinical cases along with experts, will allow the widespread introduction of current principles of orthogeriatrics into clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130820676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A child with pain syndrome in the office of the general practitioner","authors":"W. V. Delyagin","doi":"10.17816/rfd456439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd456439","url":null,"abstract":"Pain as a problem of a pediatrician and a family doctor is very common, often requiring interdisciplinary and interprofessional approaches. The first step in optimizing pain management is its assessment and characteristics, taking into account the age and development of the patient. The priority is self-reported pain. Objectification of the characteristics of pain is achieved by using scales, including, if possible, with an objective instrumental and laboratory assessment. Various options for pain assessment scales are presented. Treatment is based on the elimination of the cause of pain, the use of drug and non-drug interventions. Information is given about the age-related characteristics of the reaction to analgesics and recommendations for their use. The planning and implementation of strategies for treating pain in children should be personalized and family oriented.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115608145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The problem of toxoplasmosis in outpatient practice. Part I. Toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent patients","authors":"Valerii V. Vasiliev, Nikolai I. Kuznetsov, G. Startseva","doi":"10.17816/rfd430384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/rfd430384","url":null,"abstract":"Acute toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent persons most often proceeds subclinically and ends with the formation of latent toxoplasmosis, which does not require therapy and observation. The presence of clinical signs of a long-term disease forces an extensive diagnostic search to exclude/confirm chronic toxoplasmosis. In the treatment of toxoplasmosis in persons without immunodeficiency, repeated courses of antiprotozoal drugs are used, which do not guarantee clinical recovery and the absence of relapses. Perinatal aspects of toxoplasmosis will be discussed in a future publication.","PeriodicalId":432054,"journal":{"name":"Russian Family Doctor","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130515089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}