{"title":"Al-Abad: On the Ongoing","authors":"Eylaf Bader Eddin","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01504004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01504004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article focuses on the word al-Abad, literally meaning forever, infinite and immortality, and how it was deployed by the Syrian regime. The word is used excessively in different discursive mediums within Syria’s political culture, either in the form of banners, graffiti, photos, slogans or songs. The article seeks to analyze al-Abad through its different dimensions: its literal meaning in language, its position as a stagnant social structure and ‘an eternal’ political system, its connotations as a killing or extermination mechanism, and finally, al-Abad as Syria itself. My research sheds light on how authoritarian regimes use language as an important instrument of power and a mechanism to shape the political landscape. I demonstrate how terms and words are in constant flux and adjust in circulation depending on space, time and the political landscape. The changing relationship of a term or word is dependent on new layers of meaning that change its significance on multiple levels.","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49058183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infiltrators among Us","authors":"Nura Ibold","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01504014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01504014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article focuses on the word ‘Mundas’ (plural Mundasīn), which literally translates as ‘infiltrator’, and was one of the words most frequently used to describe those opposing the Syrian regime. The word was rarely used within the Syrian political repertoire before the outset of the revolution. However, it soon became a marker separating those who supported President Bashar al-Assad from those who did not. In the context of the Syrian war, the Mundasīn, according to the regime’s narrative, hide within the masses of al-Assad’s supporters, creating disorder, and do not reflect the demands of the ‘good’ Syrian people. As claimed by this official narrative and emphasized by its media, those infiltrators were radicalized terrorists invited from abroad to generate chaos in Syria. Consequently, the armed forces of the regime blamed these Mundasīn and allegedly had no choice but to repress protests in order to protect peaceful demonstrators from their brutality. The article explores the origin of Mundas and the ways it was used within Syrian media. It reflects on the divergent interpretations and uses of the word as a common expression identifying oneself and asserting membership in a certain group on the one hand and challenges the negative meaning of the word advocated by the government and its agencies on the other. It also researches the word’s evolution within social media platforms, in both texts and graphics, and discusses popular uses in caricature drawings, slogans and songs.","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43740883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Narratives of Continuity and Change in Jeddah","authors":"Stefan Maneval","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01503007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01503007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The historiography of Jeddah’s tower houses, from the question of their origin to their abandonment by their Saudi owners, serves as an example in this article of how different imaginary institutions of society inform writings on architectural history. Based on a discussion of books, journal articles and Ph.D. theses by Saudi architects from the 1980s and 1990s, as well as a book chapter by Geoffrey R.D. King (1999), this article emphasizes the benefits of drawing on different types of sources and combining both written and oral methods of data collection. It goes on to examine, from a post-foundational perspective, the ‘central imaginary significations’ (Castoriadis) underpinning these studies of Saudi Arabia’s architectural history. Arguing that the institution of an imaginary social unity and collective identity is intrinsic to critical writing on architecture and architectural history in general, the article suggest that the Saudi architects writing in the 1980s and 1990s were concerned about the perceived loss of their society’s Muslim identity.","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42909506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Arab Archive: Mediated Memories and Digital Flows , by Donatella Della Ratta, Kay Dickinson and Sune Haugbølle (eds.)","authors":"Stella Peisch","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01503004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01503004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42562453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thinking of the City through Film and Cinema: Roll’em","authors":"U. Freitag","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01503006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01503006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Saudi film Roll’em (director Abd al-Illah al-Qurashi, Jeddah, 2019) tells the story of a young would-be film director and his dream to make a film about his native Jeddah. Shot just before the official opening of cinemas in the country, Roll’em was filmed at the beginning of an enormous boost to the Saudi entertainment industry. The film engages the history of filmmaking and cinema in Saudi Arabia, as well as the search by a young generation for historical identity and social participation. Filmmaking and cinema emerge as an important way to make sense of the present. This article positions Roll’em within the current socio-cultural transformation of Saudi Arabia.","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42484877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constructions of Masculinity in the Middle East and North Africa , by Mohja Kahf and Nadine Sinno (eds.)","authors":"J. Abdelmoez","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01503005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01503005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43875319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"No Spaces without History","authors":"Bettina Gräf, Laura Hindelang","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01503001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01503001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Research on urban spaces in the Gulf region has increased substantially over the last two decades, particularly with a strong focus on contemporary phenomena. However, this focus often overlooks entangled histories and past trajectories that are formative for the present. Moreover, it perpetuates the notion of the region’s ahistoricity. To challenge the Gulf cities’ presumed lack of history, we have used a media-historical approach engaging with the history of a medium (e.g., architecture, film, magazine, photography, social media) in relation to a specific city. The article first provides an overview of recent research on the Gulf’s urban cultures in various disciplines. After introducing our approach, the article then considers temporality and spatiality as research perspectives in media studies and subsequently shifts to established media-historical approaches within Middle Eastern and South Asian area studies. It evaluates the complexities of writing on the art and architectural histories of the Gulf as specific forms of media. Finally, it addresses the potential of transdisciplinarity and collaboration as methods resituating the Gulf within the Arab region, the Persianate world and the Indian Ocean, respectively.","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46715672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Transregional Illustrated Magazine Al-Arabi","authors":"Bettina Gräf, Laura Hindelang","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01503002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01503002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article investigates the transregional cultural magazine Al-Arabi (al-‘Arabi) during the late 1950s and 1960s under its first editor, the Egyptian scientist Ahmad Zaki. Founded in Kuwait, the magazine’s establishment and sociocultural-political agenda are reconstructed within the context of Kuwait’s cultural diplomacy and pan-Arabism during decolonization and early Cold War politics. Al-Arabi offered timely discussions on Arab cities, gender, literature, politics and science, and readily embraced color photography for illustrations as a way of stimulating transnational understanding during times of substantial change in the region. Consequently, an analysis of Al-Arabi provides insights into historical strategies for re-imagining the region from within. Overall, the magazine can be situated in a long-standing tradition of Arab printing and publishing, while also forming part of a global illustrated magazine culture. Using a transdisciplinary approach, the article combines archival research and interviews with the media-historical and art-historical analyses of text, image and graphic design.","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49137885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Saudi YouTube Influencers, Their Relationship to Dubai and the Role of Social Media in Dubai’s Urban Branding Strategy","authors":"Sabrina Zahren","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01503003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01503003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 YouTube influencers, especially from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), command a huge (young) audience and form part of a global pop cultural mainstream representative of the fast-growing digital content industry. These YouTubers are on one hand embedded in a highly professionalized network, consisting of multi-channel networks (MCN s), media companies, TV stations and advertising partners, all operating from Dubai. On the other hand, they feature Dubai’s cityscape and urban spaces in their posts and videos and contribute to urban branding. In this article, I want to evaluate the financially profitable relationship between influencers and Dubai by analyzing footage of the Saudi YouTuber and rapper Dyler (b. 2001). Taking into consideration the political economy of social media in the Gulf as well as the political economy of urban branding in Dubai, the article discusses the political consequences of this relationship on social media, youth culture and urban development in the region.","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41965344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regimes of Visibility in the Global Parkour","authors":"Ines Braune","doi":"10.1163/18739865-01501009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01501009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Parkour is often defined through its strikingly visual dimension with breathtaking images of leaps covering amazing distances, recordings of seemingly impossible body movements and flying bodies apparently no longer constrained by gravity. However, the basic idea behind parkour is to find the most efficient or direct path as one crosses from one point to another while overcoming all obstacles using only one’s bodily capacities. No additional tools are used or are necessary. The seemingly weightless traceurs and traceuses (parkour practitioners) run, jump and climb through public and digital space. At the same time, they produce visual footage of their best movements. As in other sporting cultures, such as skateboarding, surfing or climbing, the productions of visual material and the visual representation of the sports practices are interrelated. This hints at an entangled relationship between parkour and media in its various forms and aspects. In the following article, parkour will be described as a mediatized global cultural practice with a focus on established regimes of visibility. The analysis will be conducted from a local Moroccan and gendered perspective and using an ethnographic approach.","PeriodicalId":43171,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43566911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}