Population Review最新文献_第4页

Explaining the Associations of Education and Occupation with Childlessness: The Role of Desires and Expectations to Remain Childless 解释教育和职业与无子女的关系:保持无子女的愿望和期望的作用

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2021.0016

Renske M. Verweij, Gert Stulp, H. Snieder, M. Mills

{"title":"Explaining the Associations of Education and Occupation with Childlessness: The Role of Desires and Expectations to Remain Childless","authors":"Renske M. Verweij, Gert Stulp, H. Snieder, M. Mills","doi":"10.1353/prv.2021.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2021.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Although there are well-established relationships between women's higher education, labour force participation (LFP), and occupation on the one hand and childlessness on the other hand in the US, the underlying reasons and the role that childlessness desires and expectations play remain unclear. We use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United States (N=4,198 women) and apply both logistic regression models to examine the role of childlessness desires early in life, and multilevel models for repeated measures to examine the role of childlessness expectations throughout the life course. We find that higher educational attainment and LFP are positively associated with childlessness. We do not find, however, that higher educated and working women more often desire or expect to remain childless. In contrast, we find that among women who ultimately remain childless, those women who work fulltime and have higher status occupations have higher expectations to have children throughout their life course. These results suggest that education and occupation produce constraints, resulting in the postponement of childbearing which hinders women in realizing their desires and expectations. Since many working women remain childless despite the desire and expectation to become a mother, our findings stress the importance of work-life reconciliation. It furthermore highlights the importance of increasing public awareness regarding the decrease in fecundity with age.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88174810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Cashing in on the Demographic Dividend: Is Bangladesh Moving in the Right Direction? 利用人口红利:孟加拉国正朝着正确的方向前进吗?

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-11-23 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2021.0015

Nusrat Jafrin, Rulia Akhtar, M. M. Masud, Deboshree Ghosh

{"title":"Cashing in on the Demographic Dividend: Is Bangladesh Moving in the Right Direction?","authors":"Nusrat Jafrin, Rulia Akhtar, M. M. Masud, Deboshree Ghosh","doi":"10.1353/prv.2021.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2021.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The demographic dividend contributes to a nation’s economic performance by increasing its per capita income, savings and investments. In recent decades, Bangladesh, like other South Asian countries, is passing through its demographic dividend phase, which can promote overall sustainable socioeconomic development of the country. This window of opportunity has a dynamic comparative advantage for Bangladesh compared to its corresponding countries vis-à-vis the youth labour force. This paper conducts a situational analysis of the demographic dividend in Bangladesh by examining data on labour market, savings rate and human capital from different national and international sources. The results from the situational analysis indicate that Bangladesh is yet to realize the demographic bonus. Currently, the country is suffering from higher youth unemployment, lower human capital development, shortage of skilled labour force, lower female labour force participation and fluctuating savings rate, all of which impedes the favorable impact of the demographic dividend on economic growth. The findings of this study depict a path for policymakers and stakeholders to prioritise to fully reap the benefits of the demographic dividend and achieve long-term socioeconomic development of the country.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89492608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Transition from Foster Care to Adulthood in Poland 波兰从寄养到成年的过渡

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2021.0014

J. Grotowska-Leder, Iwona Kudlińska-Chróścicka

引用次数: 1

Introduction to the 60th Anniversary Issue of Population Review 《人口评论》60周年刊导言

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2021.0013

W. Haller

引用次数: 0

The Socially Differentiated Impact of School-related Factors on Children’s Life Satisfaction: The French Example 学校相关因素对儿童生活满意度的社会差异影响:以法国为例

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-09-14 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2021.0012

Kevin Diter, Claude Martin, Julia Buzaud, Zoé Perron

{"title":"The Socially Differentiated Impact of School-related Factors on Children’s Life Satisfaction: The French Example","authors":"Kevin Diter, Claude Martin, Julia Buzaud, Zoé Perron","doi":"10.1353/prv.2021.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2021.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Over the past fifty years, the topic of children’s well-being has garnered attention in political and academic debates. In recent decades, the extensive literature on the topic has documented the numerous determinants of children’s life satisfaction, as well as their relative importance according to cultural contexts. This increasing attention paid to children’s subjective well-being includes consideration of school environments (see for example the ISCWeB study, HBSC study, the advancements of Positive Education, World Happiness Report 2015, etc). Until recently, the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys were mainly focused on well-being as linked with academic and professional achievement. Since 2015, PISA has documented ongoing levels of children’s well-being, and how well-being is influenced by school environments, the quality of children’s relationships with their peers and teachers at school, as well as parental involvement in the lives of their children. This article aims to highlight the impact of school-related determinants on children’s life satisfaction and its variations across social classes. Based on the French part of the PISA 2015 Survey (n=4804), we have identified a two steps expression of inequalities. We begin by showing that class differences influence children’s probability of having both a school environment and peer and parental relationships that enhance their level of life satisfaction. We go on to point out that social inequalities also appear when examining the impact of school-related factors on children’s overall life satisfaction. It seems that school bullying, anxiety and parental involvement in school impact children differently depending on their social background.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80464393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Role of Sociodemographic Factors During a Pandemic Outbreak: Aggravators and Mitigators 大流行爆发期间社会人口因素的作用:加重和减轻

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-08-03 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2021.0011

Masoud Shahmanzari, E. Eryarsoy

{"title":"The Role of Sociodemographic Factors During a Pandemic Outbreak: Aggravators and Mitigators","authors":"Masoud Shahmanzari, E. Eryarsoy","doi":"10.1353/prv.2021.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2021.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Many macro- and micro-level factors affect the spread of an infectious disease. Among them are sociodemographic, socioeconomic, sociocultural, health care system infrastructure, use of alcohol or substances, level of life disruptions because of chronic illnesses. Because of accuracy and timeliness issues, officials are often forced to make one-size-fits-all decisions across all regions. This paper offers a framework to analyze and quantify the interrelationships between a wide set of sociodemographic factors and the transmission speed of the pandemic to facilitate custom-fitted regional containment measures. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of a comprehensive set of sociodemographic factors in the diffusion of COVID-19 analytically. Our findings suggest that diverse sets of sociodemographic factors drive the transmission during different stages of the pandemic. In specific, we show that variables such as gender, age groups, daily commuting distances, modes of employment, poverty and transportation means are found to be statistically significant in the transmission speed of COVID-19. Our results do not suggest a statistically significant relationship between transmission speed and migration-related variables. We also find that the importance levels for the statistically significant variables vary across different stages of the pandemic. Our results point out a variety of public policy insights and implications.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83303306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of Adult Mortality in Developing Countries Using an Application Based on the Variable-r Method 基于变量-r方法的发展中国家成人死亡率估计应用

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2021.0010

E. C. Nwogu, C. Okoro

引用次数: 2

Life Satisfaction and Hope in Conflict-Displaced Children: Influence of Individual Factors, Microsystem Factors and Humanitarian Interventions 冲突流离失所儿童的生活满意度与希望:个体因素、微系统因素与人道主义干预的影响

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2021.0009

Esther Ariyo, D. Mortelmans, E. Wouters

{"title":"Life Satisfaction and Hope in Conflict-Displaced Children: Influence of Individual Factors, Microsystem Factors and Humanitarian Interventions","authors":"Esther Ariyo, D. Mortelmans, E. Wouters","doi":"10.1353/prv.2021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Limited information exists on life satisfaction and hope of internally displaced children in conflict-affected areas. Using both the ecological and resilience frameworks on children's well-being, this study investigates the associations between age, gender, parent-child relationship and livelihood support on life satisfaction and hope of conflict affected children. The study focuses on children aged 7-18 years (n=384) within two states in Northeast Nigeria using regression analysis. The children completed a self-report survey addressing diverse questions, such as age, gender, parent-child relationship, family type, relationship to household head, livelihood support, life satisfaction and hope. Parent-child relationship and living within an extended family system were positively associated with higher life satisfaction and higher levels of hope. Economic stress negatively influenced life satisfaction while livelihood support was positively associated with hope. Our findings suggest that intervention programs should focus on both livelihood factors as well as a positive parent-child relationship in order to produce a positive impact on the life satisfaction and hope of displaced children.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84744704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Perspective of Estonian Children and Adults on Children's Right to Participate in Society 爱沙尼亚儿童和成人对儿童参与社会权利的看法

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-05-27 DOI: 10.1353/PRV.2021.0008

Andra Reinomägi

引用次数: 0

Child Rights, Poverty, and Well-being: Measurement Debates and Empirical Advances 儿童权利，贫困和福祉:测量辩论和实证进展

IF 0.7

Population Review Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.1353/PRV.2021.0007

E. Delamónica

{"title":"Child Rights, Poverty, and Well-being: Measurement Debates and Empirical Advances","authors":"E. Delamónica","doi":"10.1353/PRV.2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/PRV.2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Children experience poverty differently from adults. This is the fundamental premise of the work to design specific, child-focused policies to eliminate child poverty. Devising, planning, and monitoring the impact of these policies without a proper measure of child poverty is almost impossible. However, most attempts to measure and analyze child poverty are challenged by the steps needed to measure it properly. In this article a solution is offered in this regard. In the context of global efforts, including by governments, to eliminate child poverty, UNICEF has developed a position on how to measure child poverty, based on a few simple and clear principles. These principles are meant to guide the measurement of child poverty. The main objective of this article is to explain and provide a rationale for this position as well as its relationship to related debates on child poverty measurement. Child poverty should be measured at the level of the individual child, not just as a disaggregation by age of household-level or adult-centered measurement. The measurement should be based on constitutive rights of poverty (i.e., those crucially and directly determined by access to material resources) and not on all possible problems children may face. As all rights are equally important, all dimensions should be equally weighted. The measurement should provide the prevalence as well as the depth/breadth/severity of child poverty. There are various groups of children who require different or special goods and services to fulfill the same rights constitutive of poverty as all other children. These needs ought to be incorporated into the measurement (e.g., children with disabilities may require assistive devices or indigenous children may require culturally appropriate learning materials). Implications and opportunities for flexibility and adjustment of such measures at the country level (while applying the principles) are also addressed in this article as well as a description of the most recent estimates of child poverty across developing countries using the same dimensions, indicators and thresholds.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83561177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0