Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Training proposal for professionals of early childhood education: validated contributions of occupational therapy by Delphi technique","authors":"Renata Silva e Silva, Luciana Cordeiro, Diego Eugênio Roquette Godoy Almeida","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao250132742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao250132742","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Currently, important gaps are identified in occupational therapy research that focus on the different concepts and objectives of Brazilian early childhood education. The objective of this research was to present the validation process of training workshops aimed at workers in early childhood education, through the consensus of specialists. Seven participatively elaborated workshops gave rise to the training framework and such information was presented in detail to the specialists in two rounds, according to the Delphi technique. Twenty-nine doctoral experts in early childhood education were invited, six of whom agreed to participate, with degrees in philosophy and literature, pedagogy and occupational therapy. A descriptive analysis of the responses was performed, based on the average of the results found. The workshops reached 95%-100% agreement. Some thematic enrichments were suggested, such as: school and preschool routine; neoliberalism and early childhood education; childhoods and their multiple determinations; the spontaneity of playing in early childhood education; children's culture and curriculum. The specialists also suggested dynamics and bibliographies for the workshops. Consensus denotes multidisciplinary theoretical-methodological consistency, which increases the complexity of the approach and the chances of generalization beyond the local interests of the institution that hosted this experience. The chart contains key themes, focused on current issues in early childhood education, which makes it possible for occupational therapists to use it in other contexts.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67338487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repercussions of the confinement due to the COVID 19 pandemic on the autonomy and participation of people over 75 years of age: an occupational perspective","authors":"Matías Bernal de la Fuente, Josselyn Hernández-Salas, Camila Pineda-Caniulaf, Dania Rodríguez-Azócar, J. Carrasco-Madariaga","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao252132942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao252132942","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction In Chile there has been an accelerated process of aging of the population while prejudices towards older people are maintained that can limit their autonomy and social participation. In this context, health measures were applied due to the COVID-19 pandemic that limited daily activities, especially in people over 75 years of age. Objective To describe and analyze the repercussions of the measures adopted in Chile due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the daily activities of people over 75 years old in relation to autonomy and social participation and analyze them from the framework of Occupational Justice. Method Qualitative and descriptive research with a narrative research design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted through video calls to nine people over 75 years of age, residents of different communities in Chile who have been in quarantine during the year 2020. Results The measures forced older people to modify their routines, affecting the range of occupations they previously carried out, causing social isolation, feelings of loneliness and a decrease in autonomy, mainly due to dependence on carrying out procedures through technological devices. Most of the interviewees consider that the specific measures for them were exaggerated, poorly contextualized and did not consider the heterogeneity of this age group. Conclusion The measures adopted for people over 75 years of age have deepened stereotypes typical of ageism that were previously present. This has implied an occupational deprivation that, however, has led the participants to seek adaptation strategies that realize their potential.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67338736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional identity construction: perception of occupational therapy undergraduates","authors":"Thaynara da Silva Bertossi, Isadora Cardinalli, Carla Regina Silva","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao267434892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao267434892","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Professional identity is built by several factors, however, in the debate among occupational therapists, a divergence appears between a desire for a unique and established identity or complex and dynamic identities. Objective To understand the perceptions of occupational therapy students about professional identity, defining the constituent elements of this process. Method Quantitative-qualitative and descriptive research is composed of thematic analyzes of an online questionnaire, answered by 177 students of undergraduate courses in occupational therapy from 23 Brazilian Higher Education Institutions. It presents the analysis of seven questions (open and/or closed) in search of identity elements, which were categorized thematically into: knowledge, actions and postures; audiences, demands and specialties; and contributions of the profession. Results The use of professional terms, values and postures (such as activity, occupation, care, inclusion, humanization and creativity) are revealed; target audiences (such as people with difficulties, disabilities and conditions related to health, social and education); in addition to procedures and objectives of the practice (such as autonomy, independence and quality of life). The results show the relationship between identity and the search for social recognition, the publics with which the profession is dedicated, identifies demands and constitutes ethical-political commitments, in addition to postures, values, and procedures and objectives of practice, predominantly related to health and rehabilitation. Conclusion The occupations, knowledge, postures, audiences, demands, specialties and contributions of the profession appeared as identity elements of the profession and reveal, through interests, definitions and explanations about the profession, the relationship between the construction of belonging and the multiplicity of international and national epistemic perspectives used in a complementary way and without apparent distinction.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67340115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apuntes críticos a los fundamentos de la terapia ocupacional: apertura para una posible Terapia Ocupacional Otra","authors":"Alejandro Guajardo Córdoba, Ana Paula Serrata Malfitano","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoarf267634913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoarf267634913","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen El ensayo aborda, desde una perspectiva crítica Sur, lo que se ha llamado «los fundamentos» de la terapia ocupacional. Se plantea que estos disponen de ciertas categorías constitutivas que están en la base de la construcción de conceptos, teorías y marcos de trabajo en los que actúa la disciplina. Algunos de estos fundamentos primordiales son el de la naturaleza ocupacional, el concepto de individuo, entre otros. Estas categorías que sostienen nuestro quehacer devienen, primariamente, del sistema mundo en el cual se han producido las disciplinas científicas—entre ellas la terapia ocupacional—y que corresponden a la racionalidad del proyecto moderno occidental nor-eurocéntrico. El objetivo de este ensayo es analizar y reflexionar críticamente las categorías fundamentales de la terapia ocupacional desde una posición crítica Sur, la que permitirá abrir la posibilidad de producir una terapia ocupacional radicalmente diferente a las del sistema mundo moderno occidental. A esta la llamaremos una terapia ocupacional Otra, que se fundamenta en una ruptura radical de las categorías centrales de la profesión, para lo cual proponemos, a modo introductorio, otras categorías que promuevan una comprensión histórica, situada, de orientación descolonial de la disciplina, orientada al reconocimiento y a una praxis Sur-Sur que promueva diálogos interculturales que rompan con el universalismo, el monotopismo y monoculturalismo de la terapia ocupacional.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135213696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Therapy intervention in the training of activities of daily living with patients affected by COVID-19 in inpatient units of a university hospital","authors":"Janaína Santos Nascimento, Julliana de Cássia Barros Fonseca, Thainá Rodrigues de Melo, Ana Paula Correa Ferreira, Thamires de Matos Ribeiro","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao264134462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao264134462","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction COVID-19 causes multisystemic compromises, resulting in functional impairments, mainly related to the Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). Therefore, the occupational therapist is one of the professionals needed to favor the rehabilitation process. Objective To analyze the proportion of ADLs training and the main activities that were trained with patients with COVID-19. Method This is a documental study developed in a teaching hospital in the southeast region of Brazil. Occupational therapy records were analyzed in electronic medical records of patients admitted to COVID-19 infirmaries between June 2020 and January 2021. Results The prevalence of occupational therapy attendances was 53.1%. The patients who were prioritized were those restricted to bed, with worse functionality and longer hospital stay. In all, 413 attendances were performed; the average per patient was three, the minimum was one, and the maximum was 15. The proportion of ADLs training was 76.9%. The most trained activities in the infirmaries by the occupational therapy team were feeding (96.8%), personal hygiene (93.9%), and functional mobility (59.8%). Conclusion The development of this study promoted the discussion of the careful multidimensional analysis performed by occupational therapists to carry out ADLs training with patients diagnosed with Covid-19 hospitalized in wards. Furthermore, it brought important results related to the profile of the patients seen, the proportions of interventions aimed at ADLs training and the elements that guided this practice.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67339417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meeting of powerful women: social occupational therapy intervention strategy with informal caregivers of people with intellectual disabilities","authors":"C. M. S. Gomes, Kellen Valladão Schiavo, Ana Paula Cunha Nascimento, Maria Daniela Corrêa de Macedo","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao260834022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao260834022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This paper analyzes the experience of a group called “Meeting of Powerful Women” developed by occupational therapists in a Service for Coexistence and Strengthening of Bonds of Basic Social Protection of the Unified Social Assistance System, with women who are informal caregivers of people with intellectual disabilities. Method This is a retrospective, exploratory and descriptive study, based on document analysis of the group participants' reports, where consultations were carried out with diverse sources such as reports developed during the interventions, image bank and field diaries of the analysis. The data were interpreted through the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Social Occupational Therapy. Results The interventions, through conversation rounds, thematic activity workshops and a photo essay, promoted a space for reflection and exercise of female protagonism and the strengthening of the support network and social participation. Gender themes were addressed based on the participants' daily life and experiences, such as: overload, sexism, sociocultural beliefs, sexuality and objectification of the female body. Conclusions The group facilitated the strengthening of bonds and the creation of social support networks and the (re)construction of life projects that valued other occupational roles, favoring the deconstruction of the strict figure of woman-mother-caregiver.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67339841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational therapy from an ecosocial perspective of mental health","authors":"Oscar Quiroz Mansilla, Cristian Paredes Ojeda, Pablo Neira, Salvador Simó Algado","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctore257533652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctore257533652","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is described the experience of a therapeutic garden project located in the vicinity of the Psychiatry Service of the Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital (HGGB) in Concepción, Chile, led by the Non-Governmental Organization Rebrota (ONG Rebrota) based on the ecosocial perspective applied in people with mental health needs. It aims to analyze this Eco-social Occupational Therapy experience as a practical tool for the transformation of territories, allowing occupational therapists to understand the interaction between society and nature as a socio-ecological process that impacts different spheres of human beings, especially in social participation and mental health. Using the descriptive methodology of the Eco-social Entrepreneurship Process Model, we carry out a practical orientation of actions so that communities, inserted in their natural and cultural environments, can discover themselves reflexively, generating collective health processes. Eco-social Occupational Therapy develops practices that improve health and promotes the well-being of individuals, groups and/or communities, generating a positive impact on socio-ecosystems and building healthier, more inclusive, and sustainable communities. Eco-social Occupational Therapy is an invitation to generate research-action projects to mitigate the social impact on nature in a context of the climate crisis, where we find communities in the genesis of transcultural knowledge that allows us to develop a transformative praxis for good living in tune with our environment; while improving their well-being and participation, from a human rights and occupational justice perspectives.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67341543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational therapy interventions with elderly people at the end-of-life processes in public hospitals","authors":"Natalia Paz Castillo-Núñez, Gisele Romina López Contreras, Diego Alonso Márquez Rojas, Valeria Liliana Vargas Silva, Nicole Vannesa Villavicencio Garrido, Cristóbal Javier Catalán-Águila","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao258533772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao258533772","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The intervention of occupational therapy with elderly people in end-of-life processes in hospital contexts presents short scientific documentation in Chile. Given the increase in the elderly population, their high prevalence of chronic diseases, and the hospital mortality rates, the need to review the interventions carried out in the end-of-life processes of the elderly are identified. Objective To characterize occupational therapy interventions with elderly people who are in their end-of-life process, from the perception of occupational therapists dedicated to the area, in public hospital contexts in Chile. Method The research is of a qualitative type framed within the constructivist paradigm under the phenomenological approach, using the semi-structured interview as an information collection technique and subsequent content analysis. The study sample is made up of occupational therapists who work in public hospitals in the country. Results Occupational therapists are identified as agents that provide humanizing care and support during interventions in end-of-life processes, and families mainly as a facilitator of the same. In these processes, an integral vision of the person is revealed. Conclusions There is consensus on the occupational therapy approach and interventions identified by the participants, and it is similar to what is described in the international literature. There is a lack of local public policy guidelines that allow a better definition of the professional role in this context.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"28 14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67339392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational therapy and work: challenges and perspectives of an emerging practice during and after the Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"Daniela da Silva Rodrigues","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoen255833372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoen255833372","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This essay discusses the intervention possibilities of occupational therapy in the field of work in the pandemic period, as well as points out the challenges and perspectives of post-pandemic actions. Interventions were discussed from three stages: i) pre-pandemic preparation; ii) pandemic preparedness strategies; iii) post-pandemic recovery, considering the micro, meso and macrostructural levels, from the perspective of a practice centered on the person and the work environment. Attention to work (in)capacities and acting in the process of returning to work were considered the main interventions of the occupational therapist, articulated with the various actors, institutions, services and class entities, in order to expand actions and promote a network integrated care. The new configurations of work resulting from technological innovation have expanded the interdisciplinary dialogue between occupational therapy and the field of work. It is expected to contribute with theoretical reflections about professional practice and the strengthening of this field in contemporary times.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67341046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dimensão educativa na práxis da terapia ocupacional social junto a jovens de grupos populares urbanos","authors":"Marina Jorge da Silva, L. Pan","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctore260633991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctore260633991","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo Tomando a participação popular e a democracia — tanto nas esferas micro como na macrossocial — como ideal de sociedade, considera-se imprescindível a oferta de espaços para o aprendizado de “habilidades” que garantam esses processos. Partindo de uma ampla compreensão sobre educação, tomando como referência Paulo Freire, o texto propõe refletir sobre uma dimensão educativa na práxis da terapia ocupacional social. Para tanto, utiliza-se de um breve relato de experiência desenvolvida pelo núcleo METUIA/UFSCar junto a jovens de grupos populares urbanos e à equipe gestora e técnica em um Centro da Juventude na cidade de São Carlos - SP. Ao longo de um semestre, foram desenvolvidas Oficinas de Atividades, Dinâmicas e Projetos com os/as jovens e reuniões com a equipe para discutir a natureza do espaço, suas possibilidades de uso e suas regras. Os encontros com os grupos explicitaram conflitos existentes entre os/as jovens frequentadores(as) e a equipe, e a partir deles foram propostas discussões sobre estratégias de enfrentamento da situação. Defende-se o reconhecimento de um caráter educativo nas/das práticas de terapia ocupacional social à medida que se colocam, por meio da promoção do diálogo e da conscientização, ao fomento da participação social e do exercício de cidadania.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67341848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}