Alejandro Guajardo Córdoba, Ana Paula Serrata Malfitano
{"title":"A critical approach to the foundations of occupational therapy: contributions to an Alternative Occupational Therapy","authors":"Alejandro Guajardo Córdoba, Ana Paula Serrata Malfitano","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoarf267634912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoarf267634912","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This essay addresses, from a critical perspective of the Global South, what has been called the foundations of occupational therapy. It argues that these so-called foundations rely on certain constitutive categories that form the basis of the construction of concepts, theories, and frameworks with which the discipline operates, including mainly the notion of occupational nature, the concept of the individual, among others. These categories that support what has been referred to as the foundations of our work primarily derive from the world-system in which scientific disciplines have been produced, including occupational therapy, and correspond to the rationality of the modern Western, North Eurocentric project. The purpose of this essay is to critically analyze and reflect upon the fundamental categories of occupational therapy from a critical position of the Global South, which will open up the possibility of producing an occupational therapy radically different from those of the modern Western world-system. We will refer to it as “alternative occupational therapy,” which is based on a radical rupture from the central categories of the profession. As an introduction, we propose other categories that promote a historically situated, decolonized understanding of the discipline oriented towards recognition and a South-South praxis that fosters intercultural dialogues breaking away from the universalism, monotopism, and monoculturalism of occupational therapy.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135214428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A branquitude e as dimensões do não-dito na/da terapia ocupacional","authors":"Roberta de Mendonça Porto, Carla Regina Silva","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoarf270735311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoarf270735311","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo As reflexões apresentadas neste ensaio trazem um recorte do percurso de investigação da pesquisa “Racismo, branquitude e a produção de conhecimento da/na terapia ocupacional”, uma composição de diferentes fluxos, experiências, construções e encontros, mobilizadas pelo compromisso técnico, ético, estético e político de contribuir com o debate sobre o racismo, colocando em análise a branquitude da/na terapia ocupacional. Sob as pistas da pesquisa intervenção cartográfica, este trabalho teve como principal material as análises que emergiram do grupo de estudos BranquiTOde, organizado para debater sobre a temática proposta. Suleadas pelos “Estudos Críticos da Branquitude”, desafiamo-nos a olhar para nossa própria branquitude e nosso próprio racismo enquanto mulheres brancas, pesquisadoras e terapeutas ocupacionais, e, com base nessa inflexão, foram feitos diversos debates sobre o racismo e a branquitude que engendram as relações do/no campo. Ao aprofundar os processos de compreensão sobre como os sistemas hegemônicos produzem e reproduzem lógicas coloniais racistas, baseadas na ideia de supremacia racial das pessoas brancas, propomos algumas reflexões sobre de que maneiras as exclusões e desigualdades interferem diretamente nas atividades humanas das pessoas e coletivos dos sujeitos que temos o privilégio de acompanhar nos mais diferentes campos, práticas com a terapia ocupacional. Ademais, compreendemos que produzir questionamentos sobre as desigualdades raciais na universidade/terapia ocupacional significa questionar as epistemologias dos campos de conhecimento e abrir frestas para outras cosmovisões, outras perspectivas de mundo, de vida, de universidade, sendo uma aposta na invenção de outros modos de produzir ciência e epistemologias.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mariotti, A. P. Simonelli, Daniel Cezar da Cruz, Andrea Maria Fedeger, M. Macedo
{"title":"Documenting histories: the professional career of Milton Carlos Mariotti using the life-history method","authors":"M. Mariotti, A. P. Simonelli, Daniel Cezar da Cruz, Andrea Maria Fedeger, M. Macedo","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao256333432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao256333432","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Understanding the history of occupational therapy in Brazil through individual and collective trajectories is fundamental, both for the advancement of knowledge production and for professional training and development in the field. This article is based on the life story of Milton Carlos Mariotti, occupational therapist, Senior Professor at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR). The objective is to document his professional narrative, the legacy of his leadership and his ethical commitment to the development of occupational therapy in Brazil. For that, four occupational therapist professors got together to formulate a semi-structured interview script composed of 34 questions. Based on the responses, the text was organized into four thematic axes: 1) Educational background, 2) Work as an occupational therapist, 3) Academic trajectory and 4) Political militancy. As a result, a historical narrative is presented that documents the history of the teacher's professional life and his contribution to the institutionalization of occupational therapy in the State of Paraná, southern Brazil.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67339226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vivian Neumann-Collyer, Karla Hernández-Pérez, Boris Paolo Moena González, Maria Francisca Rauch Gajardo
{"title":"Validation study of the Chilean version of the Dynamic Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (DLOTCA)","authors":"Vivian Neumann-Collyer, Karla Hernández-Pérez, Boris Paolo Moena González, Maria Francisca Rauch Gajardo","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao258333742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao258333742","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To validate the Chilean Spanish translation of the tenth English version of the Dynamic Loewestein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment for use in the Chilean population. Method The translation into Chilean Spanish was carried out, and then a pilot test was carried out for the application of the instrument, for which 40 adults were recruited with an average age of 42.7 years, with various brain damages and made up of 70% women and 30% men. To evaluate the reliability of the instrument, Cronbach's Alpha was calculated as a measure of Internal Consistency, applying 3 perspectives, \"Item-Total Reliability\", \"Item-Domain Reliability\", and \"Domain-Total Reliability\". To measure feasibility, the percentage of items not answered by the sample is identified, and the percentage of items that is identified in the cognitive tests as understood. Results The Item-Total reliability yielded a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.953, which translates into excellent reliability. Item-Domain reliability was mostly between excellent and good, with weak reliability for the factors \"time orientation\" and \"visual perception\". The Domain-Total reliability yielded a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.810, which translates into good reliability. Finally, in relation to feasibility, the participants answered 100% of the items, evidencing the translation to be accessible. Conclusion The DLOTCA translated into Chilean Spanish; it presents a high reliability, which allows obtaining results with very low biases, becoming an instrument that can be used in a pertinent way in the Chilean population.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67339373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of accessibility and perception of people with disabilities in vessels","authors":"Iasmim Teles Corrêa, K. Omura, G. M. D. Paixão","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao259033832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao259033832","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Marajó Island, located in the State of Pará, Brazil, is composed of 16 municipalities. Approximately 20.3% of its population has some type of disability, and the main means of transport to and from the island are vessels. Objective To analyze the accessibility in the vessels used to transport people from the municipalities of Marajó Island to the state capital. Method This is a quantitative-qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research conducted with 23 people with physical and/or sensory disabilities. Ten vessels were assessed. The study is divided into two stages: analysis of the perception of people with disabilities using a semi-structured interview, and analysis of vessel accessibility using a checklist based on the NBR 15450:2006 standard. Results Most participants did not consider the vessels accessible and found difficulties in accessing and remaining on them. The analysis of the vessels showed that the averages of compliance with the norms in the evaluated spaces were <50%. Conclusion There is agreement between the difficulties pointed out by the participants regarding the non-application of the NBR 15450:2006 standard, indicating that the lack of accessibility limits the access and mobility of individuals with disabilities who use water transportation in the Marajó Island region. Residents of Marajó Island with physical and/or sensory disabilities may be deprived of their basic right to come and go, facing barriers in their autonomy and independence regarding mobility and other occupations that depend on it.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67339482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcia Cabral da Costa, Afeyika Feyikemi Bukola, Anna Carolina Santos
{"title":"Pesquisa IṢẸ́: contributions of afro-referenced Occupational Therapy in the processes of formation and restitution of black subjectivities","authors":"Marcia Cabral da Costa, Afeyika Feyikemi Bukola, Anna Carolina Santos","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao263234352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao263234352","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Historically, in the Brazilian diaspora, training, professional practices, and the production of knowledge have not prioritized epistemologies, knowledge, and ancestral black practices, neglecting rights, singularities and needs inherent to black people. Statistically configured as the majority in Brazil, this population should be the target of political, academic, and practical actions that contemplate their unique ways of being in the world, reversing universal logics. This manuscript aims to present how the Iṣẹ́ Research: construction of clinical, cultural and educational approaches aimed at the black population, linked to the Lab-Iṣẹ́/UFRJ, has contributed to the processes of formation and restitution of black subjectivities in Brazil. The research method is qualitative with a cartographic approach. The proposal is to carry out the mapping of black theoretical and conceptual bases in scientific, clinical, cultural, and educational productions in undergraduate courses in the country. For this article, the focus was on the occupational therapy undergrad course at UFRJ, more specifically at Lab-Iṣẹ́, as it is the first occupational therapy laboratory in Brazil dedicated to the black population. In addition to the survey and analysis of theoretical and documentary materials, the narratives of the laboratory team made it possible to consider as a result how much afro-referenced occupational therapy has been an important construction leading to the processes of formation and subjectivation of black people involved in the actions of the Laboratory. It is hoped that this work will inspire the entire field for the reformulation of its whitened practices.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67339672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of health restrictions due to COVID-19 and the importance of using body approaches with people suffering from psychological distress and their families","authors":"Cleber Tiago Cirineu, Leonardo Cárcamo Olivarez","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao267834932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao267834932","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Results are presented on the importance of using corporal approaches with people with mental suffering and their families. Method The qualitative research developed with an ethnographic approach focused on the corporal dimension supported the development of the collaborative performance-investigation process. The philosophical support of Agnes Heller's Theory on the Daily Life on the practice of Psychosocial Rehabilitation allowed us to analyze the body experiments that used eight meetings where four users and two relatives of the Psychosocial Rehabilitation Center of Valdivia, Chile participated. Results The logic of progression of intensity and incorporation of learning allowed to identify four categories: Framing and beginning of the process; Knowing and becoming aware of one's own body; Between pain and pleasure; The importance of corporeality. The results allowed access to bodily perceptions that were silenced and even made invisible both due to the effects of the sanitary restrictions due to COVID-19, as well as the stigmatization associated with mental suffering. Agnes Heller's Theory of the Everyday allowed an approach to the understanding of the daily life of people with mental suffering with the positive assessment associated with group dynamics and bodily praxis, making it possible to visualize the interface between pleasant bodily activities with the perspective of rehabilitation effective psychosocial. Conclusion Body practices managed to generate reflective spaces that were central to the effective incorporation of empowerment and autonomy. In this sense, it becomes essential to provide support for therapeutic experiences with a body perspective, in a (re)educational framework, which allows the restructuring of healthy mental habits.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67340124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conflito armado, paz e terapia ocupacional na Colômbia: caminhos e desafios","authors":"Clara Duarte Cuervo","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao273435141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao273435141","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo Colômbia vive um conflito armado de longa duração, com mais de nove milhões de vítimas registradas e profundos danos na vida das pessoas, comunidades e na sociedade. Este estudo abrange três tópicos: primeiro, uma breve contextualização do conflito armado colombiano e alguns de seus impactos. Na segunda parte, a partir de fontes documentais, tenta-se traçar as rotas das aproximações da terapia ocupacional colombiana ao conflito armado e identificam-se três momentos: prudente indiferença, despertar lento e reconhecimento da responsabilidade ético-política. Por fim, apresentam-se alguns desafios sobre a contribuição profissional para a construção da paz na Colômbia, entre eles, a expansão e fortalecimento da profissão para chegar até os territórios mais afetados pelo conflito, o aprimoramento da formação de terapeutas ocupacionais e da prática para responder à complexidade da situação do país e a reflexão sobre os objetivos e as implicações éticas da ação profissional com vítimas, ex-combatentes ou comunidades afetadas pelo conflito.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67340213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sayori Vasconcelos Wu, Mariane Sarmento da Silva Guimarães, Glenda Miranda da Paixão, Álvaro Júnior Melo e Silva
{"title":"Efeito de um pacote de ensino sobre o desempenho de cuidadoras no treino de ocupações para crianças com TEA","authors":"Sayori Vasconcelos Wu, Mariane Sarmento da Silva Guimarães, Glenda Miranda da Paixão, Álvaro Júnior Melo e Silva","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao253633141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao253633141","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo Introdução As limitações funcionais observadas na pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) podem impedir a participação independente em ambientes comunitários. A aprendizagem de atividades cotidianas pode aumentar a participação inclusiva e a qualidade de vida dessas pessoas. Estratégias de ensino via profissional estão descritas na literatura, enquanto o ensino via cuidador para essas habilidades precisa ser explorado e torna-se essencial ao se considerar que o aumento de crianças com TEA não é acompanhado pelo aumento proporcional de profissionais qualificados, além de que os pais lidam diretamente com ensino dessas atividades. Objetivo Elaborar e avaliar a aplicação de um pacote de treinamento para cuidadores de crianças com TEA, para o ensino de preparo de sanduíche e escovação de dentes. Método Participaram quatro cuidadoras. O pacote de ensino incluiu Videomodelação Instrucional, Automonitoramento, Feedback Atrasado e imediato. Adotou-se o critério de precisão de desempenho igual ou superior a 90% por duas sessões consecutivas. Resultados Todas as cuidadoras apresentaram aumento na precisão de desempenho após exposição aos componentes do pacote de treinamento. Uma cuidadora atingiu critério de precisão passando por apenas um componente ou pela combinação deles. Três cuidadoras precisaram passar necessariamente pela combinação dos componentes e pelas fases de feedback para atingir o critério. Conclusão Corroborando outros estudos, não houve diferença significativa nos desempenhos das cuidadoras quando se comparou os componentes. Assim como estudos anteriores, demonstra-se que as fases de feedback desempenharam um papel importante para o alcance do critério. Atesta-se que o pacote de treinamento foi satisfatório no ensino das cuidadoras.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135702389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Reis, M. D. S. B. Lima, S. R. Nozabielli, Patrícia Leme de Oliveira Borba
{"title":"Trajetórias juvenis e a construção de intelectuais orgânicos/as ,","authors":"B. Reis, M. D. S. B. Lima, S. R. Nozabielli, Patrícia Leme de Oliveira Borba","doi":"10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao259833931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoao259833931","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo A partir do acompanhamento de uma trajetória de vida juvenil, buscou-se apreender de que forma e quais experiências colaboram para constituir jovens mais ativos socialmente - em uma perspectiva gramsciniana: intelectuais orgânicos/as. Questiona-se, portanto: quais seriam as experiências que incidem/incidiram sobre as vidas juvenis que contribuem/contribuíram para a construção de processos na direção da emancipação social? Assim, utilizou-se do acompanhamento singular e territorial — tecnologia social descrita e elaborada pela terapia ocupacional social — resultando nas descrições e análises de situações para que uma jovem engendrasse movimentos de catarse, destacando sua participação em ações de extensão universitária, ambientes virtuais, grêmio estudantil e atividades vinculadas ao programa de iniciação científica do ensino médio (PIBIC-EM). Projeta-se que este estudo ofereça referências para estratégias de fortalecimento das redes de jovens e fomento a criação e ampliação de diferentes espaços coletivos por onde os jovens transitam, sejam eles presenciais ou virtuais, de tal modo que possam enfrentar as diferentes vulnerabilidades que cercam seus cotidianos.","PeriodicalId":43119,"journal":{"name":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional-Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67339530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}