Oeconomia et Jus最新文献

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE PROFIT AND PROFITABILITY OF AN ORGANIZATION OPERATING IN THE FIELD OF COMMUNICATIONS BASED ON WIRED TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"O. Romanova, N. V. Petrova","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2023-2-43-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2023-2-43-53","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to conduct an economic analysis of the profit and profitability of an organization operating in the field of communications based on wired technologies, and to develop recommendations to improve the efficiency of its financial and economic activities in the nearest future. Materials and methods. Analytical calculations were carried out using the accounting (financial) statements of the organization under study using Dontsova–Nikiforova's methodology and Kadykov–Sayfulin–Sheremet model. The article uses the methods of statistical research of profit margin, including comparative analyzing the indicator of profitability of works, services in the context of the industry by the main type of economic activity 61.10 \"Activities in the field of communication based on wired technologies\", to which the object of research belongs. Results. Currently, there is a difficult economic situation in Russia, which negatively affects both the life and solvency of the population, as well as implementation of entrepreneurial activities of organizations, individual entrepreneurs, the self-employed, and persons engaged in private practice. In modern economic conditions, the main role in the system of economic indicators is played by the profit and profitability of the activities carried out by economic entities, which are closely interrelated. Conclusions. Profits formation and distribution in the course of the enterprise's activities require constant improving the methods of effective management of these processes and choosing correct management decisions on the part of management. Starting from 2021, under the influence of political, economic, social negative factors, the resonance of anti-covid state measures taken in 2020–2021, due to problems in the process of import substitution, a widespread introduction of digital technologies, communication activities based on wired technologies in the Chuvash Republic are experiencing a crisis. In this article, based on the economic analysis of profit and profitability, the authors developed recommendations in the field of changing the tax regime, expanding sales volumes, improving the skills of management personnel, etc., which will enable the organization to get out of the loss zone in the near future.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115792844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT OF SANCTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OIL PRODUCING COUNTRIES","authors":"O. Arkadeva","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-1-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-1-8","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to assess the prospects for the functioning of the Russian economy in the context of the imposed sanctions based on a generalization of international experience. Materials and methods. The main methods were a comparative analysis of the development of countries under sanctions restrictions and a retrospective analysis of the formation of oil and gas revenues in the Russian Federation. Results. Using the example of Iran, it has been established that a high share of oil and gas budget revenues and a favorable oil price environment allows maintaining the existing economic model, however, the tightening of sanctions is gradually having a more negative impact on the welfare of the population in Iran, as well as on the state of the country's budget. The paper also examines the measures taken by the Bank of Russia in 2022 in order to ensure the stability of the country's financial system; it was found that the impact of sanctions was largely delayed due to the focus of the European Union on the priority satisfaction of its own energy needs. Conclusions. The main result of the study is the position that in assessing the effect of sanctions on the development of oil-producing countries, it is necessary to assess the equivalence between import and export restrictions in order to further assess the private effects on the welfare of the population and budget losses. The stabilization of the exchange rate allows the Russian government to lock in inflation expectations for the moment and support consumption, but this comes at the expense of financial suppression of domestic development instruments. The consequences of such decisions in the medium term may be the fall of the ruble and further weakening of the ability to finance public spending.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127380648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE SUBJECT COMPOSITION OF OBLIGATIONS ARISING DUE TO MORAL DAMAGE AND THEIR ANALYSIS IN JUDICIAL PRACTICE","authors":"Nadezhda V. Aleksandrova","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-37-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-37-48","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the problems of current legislation in the field of compensation for moral damage, in particular, the subject composition of persons involved in non-material legal relations is highlighted. The relevance of the article is due to the importance of the existing problem in modern civil legislation and judicial practice. Since moral harm is irreparable harm, therefore such harm must be compensated within the framework of the fundamental provisions and positions of the improvement of the law. As amended by the adopted law, the earlier resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 10 of December 20, 1994 \"Some issues of the application of legislation on compensation for moral damage\" was replaced by a new resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 33 dated November 15, 2022, which has become much broader in its content and legal regulation. The purpose of the article is to analyze judicial practice and highlight the subject composition of obligations related to compensation and compensation for moral damage. Materials and methods. The realization of the research goal was achieved with the help of general scientific (analysis, synthesis) and private scientific (formal legal, comparative legal) methods. Results. The study of the subject composition showed the diversity of those legal relations and situations in which the subjective rights and obligations of the parties are realized, however, according to the author, significant gaps remain in the issues of compensation for moral damage caused to the life and health of citizens. Of course, the legal analysis of the obligations of compensation for moral damage presupposes, on the issue under consideration, further amendments to the legislation, the formation of more effective law enforcement practice of the courts. Conclusions. The above suggests that there is a duality of approach to the qualification of the norms of the institution of moral harm, to its size and criteria, the conclusion is supported by various examples from the practice of the courts and the analysis of the legislation of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127659878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF GEOECONOMY FOR FOREIGN TRADE ACTIVITIES","authors":"N. Bondarenko","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-9-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-9-16","url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates the need to study the issues of regulation of foreign economic activity. The purpose of this study is to study the processes of influence of the transformation of geo-economics on foreign trade activities. The role of state regulation in solving the issues of optimizing commodity flows is determined. The regulatory and legislative framework for the organization of foreign economic activity of the Russian Federation and foreign countries has been studied. The main problems affecting the formation of quantitative and qualitative indicators of exports and imports are identified. The materials and methods used in the study of sources, such as content analysis and the method of expert assessments, made it possible to create a fairly objective map of the situation with foreign economic activity. The results of the study. An analysis of the situation that has developed in the world market has shown that the system of commodity flows is being transformed and priorities in geopolitics and geoeconomics are changing. The situation that has developed in the Russian Federation in the field of imports has acquired negative features and requires urgent measures of state intervention. It is necessary to use active options for tariff and non-tariff regulation to provide goods and raw materials to industries that are still dependent on imports. The article substantiates the need to activate the import substitution system. Such a scheme is beneficial both for foreign countries and for Russia, in the absence of the necessary resources. The change in the vectors of interaction with foreign countries in foreign markets led to additional problems and financial costs. However, these measures are currently producing positive results. The findings identified. The transformation of markets is gaining momentum. Solving the tasks of integrating into the new market system will allow the state and the business community to solve problems with supplies from abroad, optimize production and gain time before creating their own resources.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124167792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF RUSSIAN ORTHODOX TRADITIONS AND FAMILY VALUES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODERN APPEARANCE YOUTH AS A VECTOR OF STATE DEVELOPMENT FAMILY POLICY","authors":"I. Semenova","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-49-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-49-54","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work is to assess the role and influence of Russian Orthodox traditions and family values on the formation of the appearance of youth of the XXI century within the framework of the state family policy. Materials and methods. On the basis of an analysis of the provisions of normative legal acts and the practice of their application, characterize the features of the implementation of measures and measures of state family policy, taking into account the experience of the Federation and the regions. Study results. The study allows us to state that respect for work, support and love of family and loved ones, forgiveness of grievances, attention to the needs of the neighbor, preservation of the spiritual historical heritage are the main tenets of preserving traditional family life, without which the prosperity and well-being of Russian society is unthinkable. Conclusions. The state family policy activities carried out by the authorities and management bodies, both at the federal and regional levels, based on the revival of the spiritual and cultural foundations of Orthodoxy and the original Russian family traditions, make it possible to once again form a solid foundation for the institution of the Russian family.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"228 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121864639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPIRITUAL BONDS OF THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE: DIALECTICS OF THE SPIRITUAL AND MORAL (CONCRETE) AND LIBERAL (ABSTRACT)","authors":"A. V. Agutin","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-25-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-25-36","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the dialectic of the spiritual bonds of the Russian people and criminal justice from the standpoint of spiritual and moral (concrete) and liberal (abstract). The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to transfer the basic principles of the administration of justice from liberal ideologies to the spiritual bonds of the Russian people. The purpose of the study is to form a model of value–semantic thinking in the administration of criminal justice, as well as to substantiate the destructive impact of the liberal paradigm of thinking on the basic principles of criminal justice. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research is represented by the spiritual method, the cultural-historical method, the system-activity approach, the sociological approach and other methods of scientific cognition and creative thinking. Results of the study and conclusions. The practical significance of the spiritual bonds of the Russian people in shaping their life, including that part of it that is directly related to the administration of justice, is substantiated. The spiritual bonds of the Russian people are defined as a system of spiritual (symbolic) knowledge about the fundamental foundations of domestic justice, which is based on the spirit of eternity, and its potential goes beyond the boundaries of space and time. The study also presents an understanding of the spiritual bonds of the Russian people in the form of knowledge about domestic justice from the perspective of eternity.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114879695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PARTICIPATION OF INNOVATIVE PERSONNEL IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN THE ORGANIZATION","authors":"","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-17-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2023-1-17-24","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the problem of the participation of innovative personnel in the implementation of management functions in an organization. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of innovative personnel in the implementation of management functions in an organization. Materials and research methods used in the article: monographic, historical, expert, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, systematic approach. Research results. The involvement of employees in management in economic science began to be considered from the end of the first half of the 20th century. Later, the idea was developed within the framework of the concept of participatory management and since the 1980s began to be actively used in manufacturing organizations. A modern organization is subject to constant multidirectional influence of the external and internal environment. A quick response to these impacts allows the organization not only to maintain its competitiveness, but also to become a leader in the market. For rapid and qualitative changes, innovations are needed, with the help of which the processes of positive changes in the organization will be revolutionary. Innovative personnel, consisting of innovative employees, in an organization can be involved in the implementation of management functions, thereby bringing it certain benefits in the form of more flexible problem solving, innovative proposals for current activities and non-standard solutions to emerging issues. Conclusions. The participation of innovative personnel in management gives certain advantages to the organization. This direction of cooperation is chosen primarily by organizations located in highly competitive markets, where decisions must be made taking into account all aspects of the market environment, including uncertainty, risk, competitors' actions, the impact of scientific and technical progress, global transformations, etc. For the effective implementation of this area of activity, the management in the organization must create the necessary conditions that will contribute to the competent work of innovative personnel to reveal their creative and innovative capabilities in the field of tasks to be solved.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129621735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE ISSUE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LABOR AND CORPORATE STATUS OF THE COMPANY'S CHIEF EXECUTIVE AS A SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE OF A LEGAL ENTITY","authors":"O. Ivanova, Vladimir A. Konstantinov","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2022-4-63-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2022-4-63-68","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the legal status of a company's chief executive. The ambiguity of the company's chief executive's status, taking into account the nature and goals of establishing the organization, creates a variety of means to regulate the chief executive's status by sector specific legislation. The issue of the relationship between the labor and corporate status of the company's chief executive is especially important, as well as that of criteria for similarity and differentiation of statuses. The answer to this problem lies in the essence of corporate organizations. The purpose of the study is to trace the similarity and difference between the labor and corporate status of a company's chief executive in a corporate organization based on the analysis of regulatory legal acts of various industry affiliation and to propose criteria for their correlation. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical approach, systematic, logical methods, formal legal and other methods of scientific cognition. The authors note that the study of the issue leads to the conclusion that the labor status of a company's chief executive in a corporate organization is dependent on the corporation. The article proposes similarity criteria and differentiation criteria of the labor and corporate statuses of a company's chief executive in a corporate organization: similarity of both statuses – labor and corporate – lies only in general orientation of the nature of the activity carried out by the company's chief executive: they are the executive body in the organization; the criterion of differentiation: the existence of an employment contract of the company's chief executive . At the same time, while remaining in the corporate status, the company's chief executive is obliged to adhere to the norms of labor legislation in relations with the employees.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"187 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132389494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPREHENSIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ENTERPRISE'S FINANCIAL STABILITY","authors":"Alexander G. Brusov","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2022-4-9-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2022-4-9-18","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important characteristics of a company's development is its financial stability, formed by complex impact of a large number of external and internal factors. At the same time, the assessment of financial stability in some cases is ambiguous and requires the use of a combined approach. The article evaluates the main financial indicators characterizing liquidity and financial stability of organizations, which are calculated according to the accounting (financial statements) for 2000-2021, published by the Federal State Statistics Service. Some of the indicators calculated on average for organizations of the Russian Federation, on the whole, positively characterize the level of financial stability (equity ratio) and liquidity (current liquidity ratio) and their good dynamics, but, as the data reviewed show, it is usually impossible to comprehensively assess the financial stability of an enterprise using one or even several particular indicators. It is necessary to use several indicators, both financial and those characterizing the efficiency of using resources by the enterprise (material, labor, fixed assets). It is likely that such indicators will include several external factors of financial stability formation that do not imply a quantitative assessment, for example, such as political, legal and socio-cultural indicators. The relevance of assessing the financial stability of an organization is due to the fact that the main methods of such assessment are mainly focused on using only quantitative data, which are considered, as a rule, in isolation from each other, which makes it impossible to unambiguously assess the dynamics of an organization's financial stability. Using the method of pair-wise comparisons, the author obtained the results that led to the following conclusions: the list of evaluation indicators should include not only quantitatively, but also qualitatively varying indicators, which requires the use of more universal methods of criteria convolution, for example, the method of pair-wise comparisons used in the method of hierarchy analysis.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133869906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASPECTS OF THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION'S ECONOMY","authors":"A. Evseev, N. Morozova, I. Vasilieva","doi":"10.47026/2499-9636-2022-4-28-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2022-4-28-34","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a theoretical analysis of strategic factors in the regional economic development. This analysis will help to give a clearer insight into the way a region develops economically in the process of updating its strategic factors. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that there is a lack of structured scientific information in covering the features in the formation of strategic factors in the development of the region's economy. Objectification and a relevant analysis of problems will help to give a clearer insight into the way the economy will develop in the regions of the country in the nearest future, taking into account various factors that have a significant impact on it. The purpose of the article is to compile a generalized representation reflecting current strategic state of the region's economic development. in order to conduct the most complete analysis of strategic factors related to the development of network and reproduction processes in the economy of the country's regions, expert and relevant methods were used when writing the article. The theoretical value of the materials presented in this article is that they deepen the knowledge of the laws underlying the strategic development of the economy in the regions. in practice, they can be used in developing federal and regional strategic programs, for adopting certain measures to develop branches of industry. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the strategic development of the regional economy in recent years has become more intensive than earlier, but economic actors as initiators of introducing integral reproduction processes react slowly to innovations and are rarely able to create them themselves.","PeriodicalId":431008,"journal":{"name":"Oeconomia et Jus","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132496300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}