International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Practice of regional anesthesia and analgesia in Ethiopian hospital","authors":"Haile Merga, D. Nega, Akalu Leulayehu","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2015.1132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2015.1132","url":null,"abstract":"Series of studies have shown that regional anesthesia offers many advantages to the patient care compared to general anesthesia, and the patient has the right to participate in the type of anesthesia techniques planned. Contrastingly, the practice of regional anesthesia in Ethiopia is underutilized and the patient choice of regional blocks limited. The aim of this study was to assess both the extent of practice and need for training in regional anesthesia among anesthetists practicing in Ethiopian public hospital. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted for 28 days from November 5, 2014 to December 2, 2014. An online survey questionnaire was circulated to one hundred and five anesthetists currently involved in clinical service in the country. Questions concerned on the extent of practice, barrier to perform and need for training workshops. Among one hundred and five anesthesia providers that participated in the survey, 61% of anesthetists are practicing regional anesthesia mainly in the operation theatre while 39% had never utilized any type of blocks and only 25.7% used nerve stimulation guidance, while the use of ultrasound or x-ray was zero percent. Of surgical procedures performed under different type of regional anesthesia within the past 2 months by respondent, orthopedic procedures accounts 56 (53.33%) while utilization of regional anesthesia for labour pain was almost nil. 18.1% anesthetists reported they were satisfied with the quality of education received from their education source. Academic qualification of the anesthetists (P = 0.01058), and years of experience of the anesthetists in the field of anesthesia (P < 0.00672) have shown a significant association at P < 0.05. The practice of regional anesthesia in the Ethiopia could be improved, with continuous supply of resource (regional kits and medication) and conduction of workshops in the field of regional anesthesia with special reference to nerve stimulator and ultrasound regional anesthesia blockade techniques. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Regional anesthesia, post-operative pain, peripheral nerve block, Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128730451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of anatomy students knowledge of information communication technology in Nigerian universities","authors":"A. Peter, O. Azu","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2015.1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2015.1066","url":null,"abstract":"Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has accelerated many aspects of medical education acquisition, driving it towards more evidence-based platforms. We undertook to evaluate anatomy students’ knowledge of computers and information communication technology application in the various departments of anatomy in medical schools. This survey was implemented using questionnaire research instrument and involved 300 students who attended the 12th Annual Conference of the Society of Experimental and Clinical Anatomist of Nigeria (SECAN) in March, 2012. Data were collected, analyzed and represented in percentages and tables. Two hundred and twenty five (90%) respondents have heard of ICT before, while 198 (79.2%) agreed to the use of ICT in their school. The most common uses of ICT in the various schools included internet-based registration of courses 144 (72.7%), surfing of the net at internet cafe 111 (56.1%), and power point lecturing 88 (44.4%). A total of 210 (84%) thought ICT leads to better understanding of lectures, 225 (90%) said it leads to better class participation and interaction while 237 (94.8%) were of the view that it makes it easier to demonstrate and understand diagrams. Many thought that poor and irregular electricity supply 244 (97.6%) and inadequate ICT equipment 172 (68.8%) were amongst factors that discouraged ICT usage in Anatomy Departments of Medical Schools in Nigeria. While ICT awareness was high amongst respondents, poor infrastructure like electricity remained a major challenge. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Information Communication Technology (ICT), medical, anatomy, students.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128391321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: Late onset warfarin-induced skin necrosis","authors":"Salim Yaghi, N. Gaber, Khalil Chughtai","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2015.1154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2015.1154","url":null,"abstract":"Warfarin induced skin necrosis (WISN) represents a rare complication of warfarin therapy that is associated with high incidence of morbidity and mortality. It usually presents in susceptible patients within 10 days of initiation of therapy.  The study report a case of 24 years old gentleman who is known to have a unique rare inborn error of metabolism (primary hyperoxaluria), and was diagnosed with late onset WISN after being on warfarin for 28 months for recurrent pulmonary embolisms. The skin lesions in the study patient were not associated with underlying protein C or S deficiency. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Warfarin induced skin necrosis, primary hyperoxaluria (PH), calciphylaxis, end stage renal disease (ESRD).","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"97 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131264938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C virus genotype distribution among adults and children in Bydgoszcz, Poland","authors":"Małgorzata Tyczyno, A. Pniewska, W. Halota, Ma gorzata Paw owska, M. Wietlicka-Piszcz","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2015.1147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2015.1147","url":null,"abstract":"One of the fundamental factors determining the effectiveness of the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is genotype hepatitis C (HCV). The aim of the study was to determine and compare the genotypes distribution among adults (2100) and children (381) patients from the Department of Infectious Diseases in Bydgoszcz diagnosed in years 2003 to 2013 due to hepatitis C (HCV) infection. The most common genotype was genotype 1 HCV which was detected in 1819 (73%) of the 2481 patients. The second most common was genotype 4, which was detected in 16% of patients. With the lowest incidence occurred genotype 3, detected in 11% of patients. In both study groups genotype 1 was predominant and it occurred in 74% of adults and 69% of children. In group I, genotype 3 and 4 occurred with similar frequency, it was found, respectively in 261 and 283 of 2100 adult patients. Among patients under 18 years, second in frequency - genotype 4 was detected in 29% of patients. Genotype 3 occurred in only 2% of children. The largest differences in the prevalence of HCV genotypes between groups were found for genotype 4. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Hepatitis C, HCV genotype, children.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132460806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of solvent extracts of Colatropis gigantea leaf on oxidative parameters in diabetic rabbits","authors":"Uhuo Emmanuel Nnaemeka, Ogugua N. Victor, N. Joshua, P. Elijah","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2015.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2015.1139","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of Colatropis gigantea leaf extract was studied on alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic rabbits to evaluate the possible hypoglycaemic and antioxidant properties of Colatropis gigantea (C. gigantean) in diabetes mellitus. Significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) was observed in diabetic rabbits administered with the acetone fraction of Colatropis gigantea (C. gigantean) leaf when compared to diabetic control group. Consistent significant increases (p < 0.05) were noticed in the activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes; catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in diabetic rabbits treated with acetone fraction of C. gigantea leaf compared with diabetic control group, although higher activities of these enzymes were observed in diabetic rabbits treated with glibenclamide (reference drug) when compared to the group administered C. gigantea extract. It was also observed that C. gigantea extract had significant increase in vitamin C and protein concentrations when compared with untreated group. These results suggest that acetone extract of C. gigantea leaves possess hypoglycaemic and antioxidant properties. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Colatropis gigantean, TBARS, antioxidant enzymes; vitamin C, malondialdehyde (MDA), diabetic rabbits.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128034798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of entrance surface air kerma in patients undergoing chest X-ray from conventional diagnostic radiology in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"Owoade L R, Sambo Isa, Tijani S A","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2014.1119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2014.1119","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the universality and high percentage demand of chest X-rays and the importance of this examination in diagnostic radiology, there is a strong need for the assessment of its entrance surface air kerma. Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) has been measured for a total of 60 patients undergoing posteroanterior chest x-ray from conventional diagnostic radiology in three diagnostic centers in Ogun State, Nigeria. ESAK was measured based on the x-ray equipment output obtained from a CONNY II dose rate meter. The entrance surface air kerma for the selected hospitals A, B and C are 0.20, 0.30 and 0.43 mGy, respectively with an average of 0.31 mGy. Variance analysis was performed to evaluate the significance of the difference between the entrance surface air kermas. The variation in entrance surface air kerma found among diagnostic centers in this survey showed that there is need to assess radiological techniques of x-ray examination and the personnel, among different diagnostic centers. In addition, when the ESAK average value is compared with other average values in some countries, it showed that the ESAK for Nigeria in chest PA examination is higher than other countries except Iran. This shows that optimal protection of patient against excessive radiation dose is possible by improving the influencing factors in diagnostic radiology examinations. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: ESAK, posteroanterior, CONNY II, radiological techniques, optimal protection.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122266256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health care providers satisfaction with the clinical laboratory service of Nekemte Referral Hospital, Western Ethiopia","authors":"E. Ejeta, Geletta Tadele, Mikias Desalegn, Shibabew Abere, Keneni Elias","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2014.1108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2014.1108","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to assess health care providers’ satisfaction with the service provided by the clinical laboratory personnel at Nekemte Referral Hospital, Western Ethiopia to determine the level of satisfaction of health care providers on clinical laboratory services. A cross sectional study was conducted from March to April, 2014 at Nekemte Referral Hospital. The data was collected from 105 randomly selected health professionals. The collected data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 statistical software. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between treatment outcomes and predictor variables. The overall satisfaction for all health care professionals on clinical laboratory services was 62.86%, while specific professional level of satisfaction was 51.2% for nurses, 65.0% for physicians, 75.0% for health officer (Assistant physician) and 85.7% for midwifes. Lack of adequacy of laboratory materials, absence of a timely report of critical values, lack of getting urgent results on time, and inadequacy of test menu on laboratory request forms were areas mentioned as sources of dissatisfaction. The overall degree of customers’ satisfaction with laboratory services was good. But the study showed room for improvement. In addition to taking intervention, the root causes of dissatisfaction need to be investigated and means of improving the satisfaction level should be designed and implemented. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Satisfaction, health care providers, clinical laboratory services, Nekemte Referral Hospital.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121174861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of radiation on pregnancy","authors":"I. Abdalla, M. Elshikh","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2013.0894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2013.0894","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of radiation on pregnancy. 20 experimental animals (rabbits) were exposed to X-ray (10 random exposure to represent patients’ dose and 10 continuous to represent radiation workers dose). Each sample was exposed to X-ray and this dose measured with thermo luminous dosimeter (MGP instruments DMC 2000X) in the first, second and third trimester then the dose accumulative was observed and recorded together with its effect on pregnancy during these periods. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Radiation, pregnancy, Saudi Arabia.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128464499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of body mass index (BMI) on the oxygen saturation and apneic spells in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)","authors":"Khan Zinobia, B. Moses, M. Faizul, Lund Stephen, Ghassibi Joseph, Freeman Jon","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2014.1115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2014.1115","url":null,"abstract":"Data from the sleep disorders institute (SDI) showed that subjects with similar apnea hypopnea index (AHI) but different body mass index (BMI) had no difference in oxygen saturation in rapid eye movement (REM) or non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Only 6 pairs of subjects were evaluated in the study and they were not age-matched. The objective of this study was to evaluate, in age-matched subjects, if there were any differences in oxygen saturation and duration of apenic spells in subjects with similar AHI but different BMI. Ninety eight (98) subjects paired for AHI within one event/hour and BMI differences of 5 and above were grouped in 9 groups. Subjects belonged mainly to normal, mild and moderate AHI groups. Diagnostic nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG) inclusion criteria were normal REM sleep and total sleep time of 5 h. Oxygen saturation was continuously assessed throughout the nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG), and was calibrated for each NPSG study, and was visually identified by sleep physician and artifacts were eliminated from the analyses. For all age groups, differences between matched pairs on BMI were regressed on the following factors: baseline oxygen saturation, lowest oxygen saturation, average oxygen saturation difference between pairs, apnea maximum and mean durations. Mean BMI differences between ageand AHI-matched pairs were 10.2 ± 5.7 (range 5.0 to 29.0). Stepwise regression indicated that BMI differences between pairs best predicted minimum oxygen saturation (p = 0.008, 1-tail). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that age differences contributed to the robust finding regarding how BMI differences predicted lowest oxygen saturation. Using a very conservative Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, lowest saturation differed only between lower age groups [group 1 < group 2 (p = 0.3) < group 3 (p = 0.001) and < group 4 (p = 0.02)]. Difference in BMI (when AHI is matched), especially between ages 25 and 44 years old, predicts differences in minimum oxygen saturation. Caution is warranted as severe apneics were not evaluated in small sample sizes in subject older than 40.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128797270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic oligospermia treatment: An alternate approach","authors":"M. Sami, Halima Nazar, K. Usmanghani","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2015.1149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2015.1149","url":null,"abstract":"One of the factors of male infertility is idiopathic oligospermia in which the causative factor is not known. A direct case control, two-centers, prospective, randomized controlled two-arm parallel group trial was carried out to investigate the safety and efficacy of trialed medicine in Shifa-ul-Mulk Memorial Hospital for Eastern Medicine at Madinat-ul-Hikmah, Hamdard University Karach-74600, Pakistan. An assessment was conducted on the coded herbal formula Spermox (Test drug) to treat idiopathic condition of oligospermia; the test drug spermox was compared with Fertilox (Control drug). The idiopathic pathogenic states of spontaneous origin were detected on 62 clinically diagnosed patients. The conclusive findings were significant as improvements were seen in clinical assessment and semen analyses parameters. The value of sperm count per milliliter in spermox was found more than 29 million in 26 patients (p 0-032). It revealed that Spermox is more effective in upgrading the semen quality and quantity when compared with Fertilox for the treatment of idiopathic oligospermia. This is clearly evident that Spermox (Test drug) possesses a more viable value for the treatment of idiopathic oligospermia in comparison to Fertilox (Control drug). \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Oligospermia, herbal medicine, male infertility, prospective, multicentre, randomized, clinical trial.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124136630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}