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Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation最新文献

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Cardiovascular Responses to Sustained Isometric Work in a Hot Environment 高温环境下持续等长运动的心血管反应
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615657
Jo-Ann Iacobellis
{"title":"Cardiovascular Responses to Sustained Isometric Work in a Hot Environment","authors":"Jo-Ann Iacobellis","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615657","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the alterations in blood pressure, heart rate (HR), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), and myocardial oxygen consumption (as depicted by TRIP) during a maximal and submaximal isometric contraction of the forearm in a closed heated environment. Simultaneous recordings of the ECG, carotid pulse wave, blood pressure, and skin temperature were taken from a sitting position during rest and static exertion. Twelve male subjects 20 to 31 years old (mean age = 25.4) were tested in room temperature and in a closed sauna where skin temperature was maintained between 40°C and 41 °C. Analysis of variance demonstrated that although the oxygen consumption of the myocardium (TRIP index) increased (p < .001) during isometric handgrip contraction, there was no appreciable change when heat stress was introduced. Although systolic (BPs) and diastolic (BPd) arterial pressures rose (p < .001) during static exertion they were substantially lower (p < .001) when forearm ...","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126549156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perceived Characteristics of Selected Movement Activities 所选运动活动的感知特征
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615651
L. Bain
{"title":"Perceived Characteristics of Selected Movement Activities","authors":"L. Bain","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615651","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The investigation used factor analytic procedures to identify dimensions which describe variations in college students' perceptions of selected movement activities. A sample of 1,421 college students completed a word pair association instrument in which each subject rated one of 24 movement activities on 21 word pairs. A range of dance, sport, and exercise activities representative of physical education curricular offerings were included in the study. The alpha factoring procedure with varimax rotation produced seven factors which accounted for 37.19% of the common variance: I Evaluation, II Potency, III Social Dynamics, IV Complexity, V Pace, VI Spontaneity, and VII Interaction. Incomplete principal components analysis was used to produce factor scores for each isolated factor. One-way ANOVA revealed that significant differences (α = .01) existed between activities on each of the seven factors.","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116091866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Comparison of North American and International Squash Scoring Systems—Analytical Results 北美与国际壁球评分系统之比较分析结果
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615668
S. Clarke, J. M. Norman
{"title":"Comparison of North American and International Squash Scoring Systems—Analytical Results","authors":"S. Clarke, J. M. Norman","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615668","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115285753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Prolonged Exercise and Changes in Percent Fat Determinations by Hydrostatic Weighing and Scintillation Counting 长期运动和液体静力称重和闪烁计数测定脂肪百分比的变化
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615666
T. R. Thomas, G. L. Etheridge, B. Londeree, W. Shannon
{"title":"Prolonged Exercise and Changes in Percent Fat Determinations by Hydrostatic Weighing and Scintillation Counting","authors":"T. R. Thomas, G. L. Etheridge, B. Londeree, W. Shannon","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615666","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"144 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125850413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Precision Knowledge of Results and Motor Performance: Relationship to Age 结果的精确知识和运动表现:与年龄的关系
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615664
Jerry R. Thomas, B. Mitchell, M. Solmon
{"title":"Precision Knowledge of Results and Motor Performance: Relationship to Age","authors":"Jerry R. Thomas, B. Mitchell, M. Solmon","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615664","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In motor skill performance and retention the complexity of knowledge of results should interact with the child's processing rate. This rate has been demonstrated to increase with age. Two experiments were designed to assess this hypothesis. In Experiment 1, 30 7-year-old and 30 10-year-old boys were randomly assigned within age level to three knowledge of results (KR) conditions: no KR, general KR, and precise KR. Performance was assessed on a vertical positioning task at two angles, 60° and 100°, for 10 performance trials. The preciseness of KR interacted with age and the degree of the angle, indicating that at the more difficult angle (60°) preciseness may have been detrimental to the performance of the 7-year-olds but beneficial to the 10-year-olds. At the easier angle (100°), precise KR improved performance for both age groups. In Experiment 2, 27 second-grade and 27 fourth-grade children were randomly assigned within age groups to the same three levels of KR preciseness. A horizontal curvili...","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131266486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Relative Effects of Isokinetic and Plyometric Training on Vertical Jumping Performance 等速训练和增强训练对垂直跳跃性能的影响
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615653
Stuart E. Blattner, L. Noble
{"title":"Relative Effects of Isokinetic and Plyometric Training on Vertical Jumping Performance","authors":"Stuart E. Blattner, L. Noble","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615653","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Forty-eight volunteer males were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Group I trained with isokinetic exercises, Group II trained with plyometric exercises, and Group III was the control. Subjects in the training groups trained three times per week for 8 weeks. The isokinetic group performed three sets of 10 repetitions per set of leg presses each training session. The plyometric group performed three sets of 10 repetitions per set of depth jumps from a height of 34 inches, with added resistance beginning with weeks 3, 5, and 7 of 10, 15, and 20 pounds, respectively. Prior to and at the end of the training period, all subjects were given a vertical jump-and-reach test. Covariance analysis was used to compare posttest scores with the effect of pretest differences removed. Results showed both training groups improved significantly in vertical jump capacity; however, no significant difference existed between training groups.","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125727013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 119
Comparison of Muscle Patterning in the Overarm Throw and Tennis Serve 上臂抛球与网球发球中肌肉形态的比较
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615649
Margaret B. Anderson
{"title":"Comparison of Muscle Patterning in the Overarm Throw and Tennis Serve","authors":"Margaret B. Anderson","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615649","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The muscular patterning of three skilled throwers who were less skilled servers, three skilled servers who were less skilled throwers, and three individuals skilled in both sport skills, was studied by means of electromyography and tri-plane cinematography during performances of the throw and serve. Surface electrodes were used to record electrical activity from two trunk, four shoulder girdle, and four shoulder joint muscles. Regardless of skill level, the nine female subjects used common joint and segment movements and employed, with minor exceptions, the same number of muscles during late preparatory and force production phases in the two skills. However, for the two skills, there were differences in the duration during which the muscles were active. The serve took longer to perform and involved a different sequential coordination of muscular activity than did the throw. Differences in muscle patterning between the two skills were greater during the force production phase in individuals judged...","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114026107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Sex-Role Stereotypes and Causal Attributions for Success and Failure in Motor Performance 运动表现成功与失败的性别角色刻板印象和因果归因
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615658
S. Iso-ahola
{"title":"Sex-Role Stereotypes and Causal Attributions for Success and Failure in Motor Performance","authors":"S. Iso-ahola","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615658","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This experiment investigated the relationship between sex-role stereotypes and causal attributions. Eighty fourth-grade boys and girls competed at a motor skill task against either boys or girls—either winning or losing. Subsequently, subjects assigned causality of their success or failure to various attributional factors. The data confirmed the following hypothesis derived from the literature on the sex-role stereotypes: Boys are less likely to claim the lack of their own abilities and the presence of the opponents' (girls') abilities as causes of their failures when they lose to girls than when they lose to boys. Girls showed a tendency (nonsignificant) to accept the lack of their abilities and the presence of the opponents' (boys') abilities as causes of their failures to a greater extent after losing to boys than after losing to girls. The results further revealed that mere performance against competitors of the same sex increased boys' stereotypes about their superiority over girls.","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129116391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
A Practical Tennis Serve Test: Measurement of Skill under Simulated Game Conditions 一个实用的网球发球测试:在模拟比赛条件下技术的测量
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615650
C. A. Avery, P. A. Richardson, A. Jackson
{"title":"A Practical Tennis Serve Test: Measurement of Skill under Simulated Game Conditions","authors":"C. A. Avery, P. A. Richardson, A. Jackson","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615650","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Avery-Richardson Tennis Service Test was constructed to maximize the practical relationship between skills tests and playing situations. The test incorporates the game-like criteria of two balls per trial, service attempts to both right and left service courts, and comparable credit for flat, slice, and spin serves. In addition, norms were established for both college males and females at beginning and intermediate skill levels in tennis. Construct validity was established for the service test. There was a significant difference [F (1, 306) = 30.18, p < .00001] between beginning males and intermediate males, as well as a significant difference [F (1, 334) = 48.39, p < .00001] between beginning and intermediate females. To determine reliability, 93 males and 59 females were given the test on two separate occasions. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated with resulting reliability estimates which ranged from .64 to .80 for the groups studied.","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120922940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Reliability of the Straight-Arm Hang for Testing Muscular Endurance among Children 2 to 5 直臂悬挂测试2 ~ 5岁儿童肌肉耐力的可靠性
Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/00345377.1979.10615670
C. Gabbard, T. Kirby, P. Patterson
{"title":"Reliability of the Straight-Arm Hang for Testing Muscular Endurance among Children 2 to 5","authors":"C. Gabbard, T. Kirby, P. Patterson","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615670","url":null,"abstract":"(1979). Reliability of the Straight-Arm Hang for Testing Muscular Endurance among Children 2 to 5. Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance: Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 735-738.","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115198953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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