运动表现成功与失败的性别角色刻板印象和因果归因

Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation Pub Date : 1979-12-01 DOI:10.1080/00345377.1979.10615658

S. Iso-ahola

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引用次数: 14

摘要

摘要本实验探讨性别角色刻板印象与因果归因的关系。八十名四年级的男孩和女孩在一项运动技能任务中与男孩或女孩竞争——要么赢，要么输。随后，受试者将其成功或失败的因果关系分配给各种归因因素。这些数据证实了从性别角色刻板印象的文献中得出的以下假设:当他们输给女孩时，男孩不太可能把自己能力的缺乏和对手(女孩)能力的存在作为他们失败的原因，而不是输给男孩。女孩在输给男孩后比输给女孩后更倾向于接受自己能力的不足和对手(男孩)能力的存在，这在很大程度上是她们失败的原因。结果进一步表明，仅仅是与同性竞争对手的表现就会增加男孩对自己比女孩优越的刻板印象。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Sex-Role Stereotypes and Causal Attributions for Success and Failure in Motor Performance

Abstract This experiment investigated the relationship between sex-role stereotypes and causal attributions. Eighty fourth-grade boys and girls competed at a motor skill task against either boys or girls—either winning or losing. Subsequently, subjects assigned causality of their success or failure to various attributional factors. The data confirmed the following hypothesis derived from the literature on the sex-role stereotypes: Boys are less likely to claim the lack of their own abilities and the presence of the opponents' (girls') abilities as causes of their failures when they lose to girls than when they lose to boys. Girls showed a tendency (nonsignificant) to accept the lack of their abilities and the presence of the opponents' (boys') abilities as causes of their failures to a greater extent after losing to boys than after losing to girls. The results further revealed that mere performance against competitors of the same sex increased boys' stereotypes about their superiority over girls.

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Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation

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