{"title":"Conceptual replication of , \"Self-efficacy as a mediator in the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic procrastination\".","authors":"Matt N Williams, Shoni R Edwards","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110948","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-oriented perfectionism is the tendency to set high standards for oneself and evaluate one's behaviour accordingly. Based on a study of 692 students in Korea, Seo (2008) reported finding a negative relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic procrastination - i.e., the tendency to procrastinate on academic tasks. Furthermore, Seo reported that this relationship was completely mediated by self-efficacy. Seo's study has been influential in the literature but to our knowledge has not yet been independently replicated. In this study we report a preregistered conceptual replication testing five hypotheses based on Seo's key findings.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>A detailed preregistration (including data processing and analysis syntax) was lodged in advance of data collection at https://osf.io/xfvd8. Participants were 575 students recruited from OECD countries using prolific.co. Academic procrastination was measured via an adapted version of the Procrastination Assessment Scale - Students, while self-oriented perfectionism was measured via the 5-item self-oriented perfectionism subscale of the Big Three Perfectionism Scale. Self-efficacy was measured via the New General Self-Efficacy Scale. Both ordinary least squares regression and structural equation modelling were used to test hypotheses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found no evidence of a bivariate relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic procrastination in either set of analyses. However, we did find evidence of a small and negative indirect effect of self-oriented perfectionism on academic procrastination via self-efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We were only able to partially replicate Seo's key findings, having found no evidence of a negative relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic procrastination.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80858156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When out-groups are perceived as out of place: urban disorder sensitivity and environmental distance.","authors":"Michał Jaśkiewicz, Jurand Sobiecki","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110842","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>These studies aimed to determine whether a stronger preference for order, structure, and predictability in the urban environment (measured by the Space Intrusion subscale of the Urban Socio-Spatial Disorder Sensitivity Scale) and a higher score on the Out-Group Visual Encroachment scale are associated with more aversive reactions towards the idea of people of another race, ethnicity, or religion settling in the neighborhood.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Participants were recruited through online snowball sampling (pilot study) as well as from among university students. Students were also asked to send links to the study to their acquaintances. The pilot study, as well as Study 1B, were conducted online, whereas in Study 1A the paper-pencil method was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Scores on the Space Intrusion subscale and the Out-group Visual Encroachment scale were associated with outgroup negativity. Out-group Visual Encroachment was found to mediate the relationship between Space Intrusion and environmental distance toward Muslims.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Perceiving out-groups as out of place is a joint product of environmental features (visual cues of belonging) and characteristics of the individual (sensitivity to urban disorder). The challenge for neighborhoods in times of increased migration is how to shape the public domain to increase the chances of strangers becoming more familiar.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10653558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79995893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Lipska, Radosław Rogoza, Ewelina Dębska, Klaudia Ponikiewska, Samuel Putnam, Jan Cieciuch
{"title":"The structure of child temperament as measured by the Polish versions of the Children's Behavior Questionnaire and the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire: insight from the network psychometrics approach.","authors":"Anna Lipska, Radosław Rogoza, Ewelina Dębska, Klaudia Ponikiewska, Samuel Putnam, Jan Cieciuch","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.108826","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.108826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The model proposed by Rothbart is one of the most frequently used models to describe children's temperament. However, the structure of temperamental traits in children is not unambiguous. We examine this structure in children from 3 to 10 years of age using two different measures in a less often studied cultural context (i.e., central Europe), and using a recently developed and still less common approach to study the internal structure of scales (i.e., network psychometrics).</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>This paper examines the structure of temperamental dimensions in children using two different measures - the Children's Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) and the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire (TMCQ) - in two studies conducted on children aged 4-7 years (<i>N</i> = 178; CBQ) and aged 7-10 years (<i>N</i> = 189; TMCQ). We verified the structural validity of these measures with a bootstrapped exploratory graph analysis, which represents the network psychometric approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network psychometric analysis supported differentiation of three factors of temperamental traits in both groups of children. In addition, the construct validity of these instruments was supported through correlations of the temperament factors measured by the CBQ and the TMCQ with Emotionality, Activity, Sociability, and Shyness scales measured with the EAS Temperament Survey; and through confirmation of expected gender differences in the CBQ and TMCQ factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support a three-factor solution of temperamental traits in children representing Negative Affectivity, Effortful Control, and Surgency.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83826236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The mediating effect of student school burnout on the relationship between coping strategies and Internet addiction.","authors":"Katarzyna Tomaszek, Agnieszka Muchacka-Cymerman","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110085","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Each person receives and experiences stress differently and applies more or less effective ways of coping. However, the lack of such skills can lead to burnout. As Różańska-Kowal (2004) writes, the most important predictor of burnout is stress. Everyone is different, has different resources, so there are differences in how to deal with difficult and stressful situations. Some young people with poor coping strategies try to deal with the overwhelming stress by engaging in problematic behaviors, and this heightens the risk of developing substance or Internet addictions.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine the association between coping strategies (CS), student school burnout (SSB) and problematic use of the Internet (PUI), and to check if SSB may be a mediator between CS and PUI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Further analyses revealed that a lower level of the problem - focused coping strategies (active coping and acceptance) and a higher level of helplessness and avoidance behaviors are directly associated with addictive Internet behaviors. However, school burnout mediates only links between active coping, helplessness and avoidance behaviors and problematic Internet use. In addition, gender appeared as a moderator between SSB and PUI. Finally, the results suggested that gender plays a significant role in the relationship between the tested variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Male adolescents with poor coping strategies were more prone to school burnout and, because of being burned out, were at a higher risk of excessive Internet use. In the female group school, burnout insignificantly predicted problematic Internet use.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10653562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77826923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptation of the Fears of Compassion Scale into Turkish: a reliability and validity study.","authors":"Isil Necef, Mehmet Engin Deniz","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110028","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The concept of fear of compassion draws the interest of researchers in both clinical and scientific fields. The Fears of Compassion Scale (FCS) was developed in order to examine the fear of compassion for others, compassion from others and compassion for one's self. This study aims to adapt the FCS into the Turkish language. The Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Self-Compassion Scale were used to assess the criterion-related validity of the FCS.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>In order to determine the construct validity of the scale, validity and reliability studies and factor analysis were carried out on 681 participants (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 32.00, <i>SD</i> = 10.15; 64% female and 36% male).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the confirmatory factor analysis yielded the expected 3-factor solution (the fear of compassion for others, the fear of compassion from others and the fear of self-compassion), which consists of 35 items. The internal consistency validity coefficient of the whole scale was .92. Moreover, there were significant negative relationships between the Fears of Compassion Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and Self-Compassion Scale, which are similar to those of the original scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These significant findings reveal the Turkish adaptation of the FCS to be a valid and reliable measurement tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10654340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83185810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What do people think about technological enhancements of human beings? An introductory study using the Technological Enhancements Questionnaire in the context of values, the scientistic worldview, and the accepted versions of humanism.","authors":"Daniel Stefański, Łukasz Jach","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110061","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rapid development of technologies increases the possibility of technological enhancements of human beings, e.g., in their cognitive skills or physical fitness. Attitudes towards such enhancements may result in their social acceptance or rejection.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>One hundred and thirty-nine young Polish adults participated in the study. Participants completed the designed Technological Enhancements Questionnaire (TEQ) and questionnaires to measure values, the scientistic worldview, and the accepted versions of humanism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study showed a one-dimensional TEQ structure and its satisfactory reliability. Attitudes towards technological enhancements correlated positively with achievement, self-direction in thought, power over resources, the scientistic worldview, and the evolutionary version of humanism. They also correlated negatively with tradition and the liberal version of humanism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TEQ questionnaire is a short, reliable tool to measure attitudes towards technological enhancements. This preliminary study provided some significant results, but future work to validate the questionnaire is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10653345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72787459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Come and say what you think: reducing employees' self-censorship through procedural and interpersonal justice.","authors":"Krystyna Adamska, Paweł Jurek","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110022","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.110022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-censorship in an organization may be defined as a conscious decision by employees to refrain from expressing opinions, criticism or suggestions in situations of perceived irregularities. There are at least two reasons for this decision: firstly, the fear that speaking up would prompt negative consequences, and secondly, the belief that it would not bring about a change in the situation. Procedural justice in an organization may encourage employees to limit that silence, thereby diminishing fear and undermining the belief that change is impossible.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>A set of three studies (total number of participants <i>N</i> = 710) was conducted in order to determine whether procedural justice predicts self-censorship and also to define the role of interpersonal justice in this relationship. It was assumed that procedural justice, while useful in the formation of an impartial and rigid legal system within an organization, is constrained by its disregard for personal relations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that when employees perceive a work environment as providing influence over procedures, they declare less self-censorship motivated by fear and resignation. In high interpersonal justice conditions the role of procedural justice in predicting employee self-censorship as well as employee silence beliefs increases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both fair treatment of all employees and the contextual and need-centered nature of such treatment should be integrated if self-censorship is to be reduced. The results confirm this conclusion for self-censorship (decision) and employee silence beliefs (belief that relations within the organization do not encourage people to speak up).</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85284585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resilience and coping in difficult social situations among children from low socioeconomic families.","authors":"Beata Pastwa-Wojciechowska, Joanna Koralewska-Samko, Mateusz Lammek","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.108286","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.108286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study aimed to compare factors influencing social adaptation of children from families at risk of social exclusion versus their peers with higher socioeconomic status. The analysis applied to coping strategies in difficult social situations as well as intrapersonal and interpersonal attitudes, and attitudes towards the world.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The study involved 169 children (girls <i>n</i> = 85, boys <i>n</i> = 84) aged 13-14 years. Children were included in the criterion group based on a statutory minimum subsistence level applicable for a given year in Poland.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with higher levels of resilience scored high in cognitive-intellectual and physical spheres as well as in personality, pro-social, socio-moral and support spheres and the sense of efficacy. Factors such as socioeconomic status and family structure were found to differentiate children in terms of coping mechanisms and attitudes towards themselves, other people and the world.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study revealed that the child's psychological resilience is of particular importance for social adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85632441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychological flexibility, temperament, and perceived stress.","authors":"Maria Cyniak-Cieciura","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.108685","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.108685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychological flexibility (PF) is an ability to engage in meaningful actions regardless of the presence of difficult internal experiences. Higher psychological flexibility was found to be related not only to a lower level of the symptoms of psychopathology, but also with better functioning, lower stress levels and higher well-being. As temperament impacts preferred styles of action, data on the relationships between temperament, psychological flexibility and other criteria can provide ideas on how to improve the process of PF development. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between psychological flexibility, temperament traits and perceived stress.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>A total of 254 people, aged 18-93, recruited directly by 13 pollsters from a local community sample, took part in the study. Temperamental traits were operationalized according to the regulative theory of temperament. Participants completed self-report measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psychological flexibility was predicted by emotional reactivity and perseveration and it was a significant predictor of stress beyond and above temperamental traits. While the relationship between stress and two temperamental traits - emotional reactivity and perseveration - was partially mediated by psychological flexibility, activity was related to stress directly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Psychological flexibility is determined by temperamental traits to some extent. Further research on psychological flexibility and temperament needs to take an empirical design and test possible reciprocal effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86088773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sylwia Gwiazdowska-Stańczak, Martyna Płudowska, Marcin Garbowski
{"title":"Perceived parental attitudes of the father and the school achievements of adolescents.","authors":"Sylwia Gwiazdowska-Stańczak, Martyna Płudowska, Marcin Garbowski","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2021.108736","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp.2021.108736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This article focuses on the relationship between parental attitudes of the father perceived by adolescents and their school achievements. Nowadays, interest in the role of the father in raising a child is growing. The influence of the students' family environment in shaping their school achievement is very important.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The study group consisted of 687 pupils, including 418 (60.8%) girls and 267 (39.2%) boys. Fathers' attitudes were examined with the Parental Attitudes Scale version of \"My Father\". In order to establish the relationship between the father's parental attitudes perceived by teenagers and grade point average (GPA), Pearson's <i>r</i> correlation coefficient values were calculated. In the next step the role of gender as a moderator of these relationships was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the conducted research show that the acceptance and autonomy attitudes positively correlate with the average grade from last year, while the requirements and inconsistency attitudes showed negative correlations with school achievements. The results indicated that gender moderated the relationship between perceived acceptance, autonomy, protectiveness and GPA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It was found that an increase in the level of the father's perceived acceptance and autonomy leads to a higher average grade than the previous year, although only among girls. The level of protectiveness was found to be a negative predictor of school achievements, although only among boys.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91395881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}