Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism最新文献_第7页

The Bagua as an Intermediary between Archaic Chinese Geomancy and Early European Urban Planning and Design 八卦:中国古代风水学与早期欧洲城市规划设计的中介

Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.36922/JCAU.V2I1.968

A. Akkerman, J. Shao

{"title":"The Bagua as an Intermediary between Archaic Chinese Geomancy and Early European Urban Planning and Design","authors":"A. Akkerman, J. Shao","doi":"10.36922/JCAU.V2I1.968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/JCAU.V2I1.968","url":null,"abstract":"Present-day concerns with urban design for pedestrians largely surround the issue of microclimate in streetscapes. Such concerns are not new and have been extensively discussed during the European Renaissance. Western historical references on urban design and microclimate primarily converge on a single source: The octagonal, radial-centric plan of an ideal city in Book I of the Ten Books of Architecture written in the late first century BCE by Marcus Vitruvius Polio. As his own source Vitruvius pointed to the Tower of the Winds in Athens, designed c. 50 BCE by Andronicus of Cyrrhus on an octagonal plan, respectful of eight wind directions. We posit that octagonal Bagua geomantic map made its way from Chang’an in China to Cyrrhus in western Asia during the first century BCE, and was possibly one of two sources that stirred Andronicus toward his design of the tower, the other source being the Pharos Lighthouse in Alexandria. The Bagua corresponds to the Luo Shu magic square that guided the ideal city plan of Han China, while the octagon, through Vitruvius, inspired several city plans in Renaissance and Baroque Europe. Beyond the rainbow of multiple impact on Roman urbanism from neighboring civilizations, the ancient Chinese ideal city plan through the intermediary of the Bagua, may also have played a role in Vitruvius’ own ideal city plan, by way of the Tower of the Winds. The environmental message of the Bagua, thus, has possibly carried an indirect impact upon Renaissance and Baroque urbanism, and upon urbanist concerns lasting to this day.","PeriodicalId":429385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114259699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Survival of Shanghai Urbanite Culture in the Mao Era: Bourgeois Aspirations and Practice of Longtang Everyday Life 毛时代上海都市文化的生存:龙塘日常生活的资产阶级诉求与实践

Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.36922/jcau.v1i1.710

Lei Ping

{"title":"Survival of Shanghai Urbanite Culture in the Mao Era: Bourgeois\u0000 Aspirations and Practice of Longtang Everyday Life","authors":"Lei Ping","doi":"10.36922/jcau.v1i1.710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/jcau.v1i1.710","url":null,"abstract":"This essay studies an often overlooked and understudied topic – the\u0000 survival of Shanghai vernacular longtang (alleyway house) urbanite culture\u0000 in the Mao era (1949-1976). It discovers how bourgeois sentiments embodied\u0000 by the Shanghai national bourgeoisie were aspired to and inherited by the\u0000 longtang petty urbanites (xiaoshimin) and their quotidian practices of\u0000 Shanghai-styled (haipai) everyday life. By delving into archives,\u0000 newspapers, and urban cultural studies, the essay particularly examines how\u0000 urbanite culture was revitalized by the mode of Shanghai everyday living and\u0000 how it resiliently co-existed with socialist revolutionary culture through a\u0000 type of distinctive material culture particularly manifested in housing and\u0000 food. It investigates the dialectical and conflictual relationship between\u0000 the discourse of revolution and that of everyday life. It challenges the\u0000 problematic incompleteness of Socialist Transformation project and searches\u0000 for a new understanding of historical viability and sustainability of\u0000 Chinese socialism, as Chinese socialism did not succeed in eradicating\u0000 bourgeois sensibility as an oppositional historical force in Shanghai in the\u0000 Mao era. In this context, the essay argues that Shanghai maintained a\u0000 privileged urban center while its urbanite culture persisted by means of\u0000 self-preservation of the longtang everyday life and fetishized bourgeois\u0000 materialism and aspirations under Maoist Chinese socialism.","PeriodicalId":429385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116007551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Understanding TONG Jun and His Chinese Garden Study: A Report of Symposium on Glimpses of Gardens in Eastern China 理解童军及其中国园林研究——中国东部园林一瞥学术研讨会报告

Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism Pub Date : 2019-02-07 DOI: 10.36922/JCAU.V1I1.611

K. Gu, G. Zhu

引用次数: 3

Up-Down Nine and Five-Foot Way: Characteristics of Cityscape in a Cultural Perspective 上下九尺五尺道:文化视角下的城市景观特征

Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism Pub Date : 2019-02-07 DOI: 10.36922/JCAU.V1I1.527

Qing Mei, Man Luo

引用次数: 0

Jiaanbieyuan New Courtyard-Garden Housing in Suzhou: Residents’ Experiences of the Redevelopment 苏州嘉庵别苑新四合院住宅:居民的再开发体验

Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism Pub Date : 2019-02-07 DOI: 10.36922/JCAU.V1I1.526

Donia Zhang

{"title":"Jiaanbieyuan New Courtyard-Garden Housing in Suzhou: Residents’\u0000 Experiences of the Redevelopment","authors":"Donia Zhang","doi":"10.36922/JCAU.V1I1.526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/JCAU.V1I1.526","url":null,"abstract":"Cultural vitality as the fourth pillar of sustainable development has\u0000 been widely acknowledged, and vernacular architecture as a major part of a\u0000 nation’s material culture has entered the cultural sustainability dialogue.\u0000 This recognition demands that new housing design and development should\u0000 honor a local or regional identity. This in-depth case study assesses the\u0000 architectural, environmental, spatial, constructional, social, cultural, and\u0000 behavioral aspects of the Jiaanbieyuan (“Excellent Peace Courtyard-Garden\u0000 Housing Estate”) built in Suzhou, China, in 1998. The 500-unit Jiaanbieyuan\u0000 is located close to two UNESCO World Cultural Heritage sites, the Canglang\u0000 (“Surging Waves”) Pavilion and the Master-of-Nets Garden. It has attempted\u0000 to recreate Suzhou’s traditional architecture and landscape architecture.\u0000 Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through numerous research\u0000 methods, including onsite surveys and interviews. The findings show the new\u0000 housing forms do not promote social relations as effectively as the\u0000 traditional housing of the past. Moreover, the communal Central Garden has\u0000 functioned to some extent as a social and cultural activity space. The study\u0000 further proposes a new courtyard-garden housing system that facilitates\u0000 social interaction and cultural activities.","PeriodicalId":429385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131342445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2