{"title":"How small and still effective a CMOS-SoC could ever be?","authors":"H. Heusala, J. Skyttä","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364390","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, effects of expected physical limits of CMOS technology on the performance of small-scale System-on-Chips (SoCs) are described. The exponential progress of CMOS technology has entered to the saturation phase. This could be called, if we like, a third phase of the Moore's law. In this third phase of development, the peak-performance of SoCs is not any more in the main concern. Instead of that, we could see an explosion of creative small-size applications: bionic appendages, smartphones with smart sensors, networks of tiny sensors, and a host of other applications we have yet to imagine. The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) lists expected performance parameters for CMOS technology up to the year 2028. In this paper, it is shown that starting from the simple RTL architecture parameters, e.g., gate count, and using performance figures taken from ITRS, we are able to figure out the (space-time-energy) performance limits of CMOS implementation of any logic architecture. As a practical example, the study of performance limits of a novel digital receiver suitable to be used in different capillary networks of Internet-of-Things applications is described, here. Design space exploration technique described in this paper can be used to find out performance limits of wide range of smart object applications.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124819211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A CMOS High Resolution Multi-Edge Delay Generator","authors":"S. Harb, W. Eisenstadt","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364359","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new architecture of a high-resolution multi-edge delay generator for on-chip testing applications, which enables a timing generation with a sub-gate delay resolution to be fully implemented in any purely digital CMOS process. The proposed delay generator utilizes multi edge-triggered oscillators to achieve a high resolution based on the Vernier technique with low power, a smaller footprint and without requiring a high speed clock reference compared to the conventional delay generators. In addition, the maximum measured delay range of the proposed design can be improved without degrading the achievabl5ve resolution. Simulation results based on 0.09 μm CMOS technology shows an achievable delay resolution of 14.6 ps with a reference input frequency at 500 MHz.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125695201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mauro Mangia, Daniele Bortolotti, Andrea Bartolini, Fabio Pareschi, L. Benini, R. Rovatti, G. Setti
{"title":"Long-Term ECG monitoring with zeroing Compressed Sensing approach","authors":"Mauro Mangia, Daniele Bortolotti, Andrea Bartolini, Fabio Pareschi, L. Benini, R. Rovatti, G. Setti","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364394","url":null,"abstract":"Novel low-voltage, low latency, non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies allow long-term wearable biomedical monitors to benefit from large storage capability, avoiding costly wireless transmissions and enabling, along with proper signal processing and architectural optimization, minimal energy operations and extended battery life. The recently proposed rakeness-based Compressed Sensing (RCS) offers high compression rate with an associated low computational power. This allows an energy trade-off between the compression stage and the storage stage. In this paper we introduce a novel approach, namely zeroing CS, which reduces RCS computational requirements to extremely low levels. The new energy trade-off is analyzed, considering a suitable multi-core DSP and different NVM technologies for local storage. According to our analysis, the proposing zeroing approach is up to 80% more efficient than a standard CS solution and 70% w.r.t. RCS when overall energy requirement is not dominated by storage.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122890647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A low/high band highly linearized reconfigurable down conversion mixer in 65nm CMOS process","authors":"N. Gupta, A. Dutta, S. Singh","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364363","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a universal down conversion mixer for a multistandard wireless receiver with adapted reconfigurability in the form of RF bandwidth, active/passive and IF bandwidth. In the proposed architecture RF bandwidth reconfigurability is reconfigured between low band (LB) RF frequency and high band (HB) RF frequency mixer modes. LB / HB reconfigurability is made through power switching the transconductance amplifier. Active / Passive reconfigurability is made through switching the input signal between gate and source terminal of input transistors and enabling/disabling the transimpedance stage at the output. The CMOS transmission gate (TG) switches are designed to provide optimum headroom in this low voltage design. The proposed circuit is designed in the UMC 65nm RFCMOS technology with 1.2V supply voltage. From the simulation results, the proposed circuit shows conversion gain of 22/26 dB and 25/31 dB, noise figure of 14.2/12.1 dB and 11.5/8.16 dB, IIP3 of 10/8.1 dBm and 6.4/3 dBm in LB and HB respectively where all these figures suggest passive/active mode. Hence this circuit will be much helpful in multi-standard receiver design.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"48 5 Suppl 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128203896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Fahmy, M. Dietl, P. Sareen, M. Ortmanns, J. Anders
{"title":"A BW-tracking semi-digital PLL with near-optimal VCO phase noise shaping in low-cost 0.4 µm CMOS achieving 700 fs rms phase jitter","authors":"S. Fahmy, M. Dietl, P. Sareen, M. Ortmanns, J. Anders","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364357","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a low-power BW-tracking semi-digital PLL. The design features independently adjustable proportional and integral controller paths. The digital information provided by the storage cells in the I-path are used to let the PLL bandwidth and phase margin track the VCO frequency. The proposed switching scheme in the P-path provides a quiet output in the locked state significantly reducing update jitter. In contrast to classical analog charge pump PLLs, the proposed concept features low design complexity and small area requirements and does not require external components. In contrast to digital PLLs, the proposed architecture allows for an excellent phase noise performance without the need for highly scaled CMOS technologies. As a proof-of-concept of the proposed architecture, a PLL prototype realized in a low cost 0.4 μm CMOS technology is presented, which achieves a measured integrated rms jitter of only 700 fs competing with the state-of-the-art in deep submicron CMOS technologies.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134187450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Secured-by-design FPGA: look-up tables and switch-boxes","authors":"Z. Almohaimeed, M. Sima","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364404","url":null,"abstract":"A circuit technique based on hardware replication improves the robustness of the FPGA circuitry against dynamic and/or static power attacks. Due to its nMOS-MUX based structure, the proposed circuit also exhibits an increased robustness against early evaluation attacks and those based on glitches. The secured LUT and switch are 3.4× and 1.5× larger than their standard counterparts, respectively. Given the achieved robustness against both dynamic and static power attacks, while FPGA configurability is preserved, this is a good trade-off.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130451079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carrier frequency and sampling rate offsets effect on sub 6 GHz Massive MIMO","authors":"M. Ahmed-Ouameur, D. Massicotte, Weiping Zhu","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364371","url":null,"abstract":"Hardware impairments effects on Massive MIMO system's capacity were investigated and seem to vanish asymptotically at the base station when equipped with a larger array. Surprisingly, the effect of the local oscillator (LO) phase noise does not strictly obey the same law as the additive noise when a common LO is utilized. Having a close look at large array base station utilizing OFDM signaling, one would expect that the sampling rate and carrier frequency offsets (SRO and CFO) to introduce similar effects as the phase noise due to the time (subcarriers and OFDM symbols indices) dependence of the channel vector's phase terms. For practical reasons, we use simulation to investigate the effect of such offsets on massive MIMO utilizing low computational complexity precoding techniques such as conjugate beamforming (CBF) and zero forcing beamforming (ZFBF). A reduced computational complexity ZFBF utilizing polynomial expansion technique is considered to assess sensitivity to such offsets. The simulation results show that without accurate compensation or calibration methods, the effect of sampling rate and carrier frequency offsets is very dramatic on massive MIMO performance. Increasing the array size does not provide an economically viable solution to alleviate the negative effects of such offsets.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131719174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microcontroller energy consumption estimation based on software analysis for embedded systems","authors":"P. Ruberg, Keijo Lass, P. Ellervee","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364397","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a energy consumption estimation method for microcontrollers. Vast amount of work in this topic has been done based on measuring the energy per instruction in low level programming languages like assembler. However, in our approach we use solely C programs and instructions without any regard to lower level languages. The method is based on measuring energy per each C instruction in the benchmark program and using the result to estimate the total energy consumed by the program. As a test case we use simple image processing algorithm including Gaussian blur and edge detection on PIC PIC32MX460F512L microcontroller. We show that the method is scalable on different microcontroller voltages and clock frequencies with only one set of measurements to reduce the amount of preparation work for estimation. We show that the estimation results give us credibility with less than 7% error.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134096210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Passamani, D. Ponton, G. Knoblinger, A. Bevilacqua
{"title":"Analysis and design of a 1.1dB-IL third-order Matching Network for Switched-Capacitor PAs","authors":"A. Passamani, D. Ponton, G. Knoblinger, A. Bevilacqua","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364367","url":null,"abstract":"A Matching Network for a 1.1V Switched Capacitor Power Amplifier has been designed with a Bluetooth Application in mind. The Matching Network has been implemented in a 28nm CMOS RF Metal Stack and provides 16.7dBm output power with IL = 1.1dB at 2.4GHz. A detailed analytical model of power and efficiency of the Matching Network is derived and used for optimal design of the Matching Network. The model shows very good agreement with circuit simulations, and good matching with experimental data as well.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114940848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamad El Ahmad, M. Najem, P. Benoit, G. Sassatelli, L. Torres
{"title":"Adaptive Power monitoring for self-aware embedded systems","authors":"Mohamad El Ahmad, M. Najem, P. Benoit, G. Sassatelli, L. Torres","doi":"10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2015.7364364","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic Thermal and Power Management methods require efficient monitoring techniques. Based on a set of data collected by sensors, embedded models estimate online the power consumption: this task is a real challenge, since models must be both accurate and low cost, but they also have to be robust to variations. In this paper, we investigate a self-aware approach using the performance events and the external temperature. We present a solution (PESel) for the selection of the relevant information. This method is two times faster than existing solutions and provides better results compared to related works. The power models achieve a 96% accuracy with a temporal resolution of 100 ms, and negligible performance/energy overheads (less than 1%). Moreover, we show that our estimations are not sensitive to external temperature variations.","PeriodicalId":428994,"journal":{"name":"2015 Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP & International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115263130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}