Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY最新文献

{"title":"The role of cultural psychological orientations for flexibility in coping with stress in Polish adolescents","authors":"Agnieszka Kruczek, Izabela Grzankowska, M. Basińska","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the dominant cultural psychological orientation among Polish youth, the role of individualism and collectivism for flexibility in coping, and the assessment of the modifying role of gender and age of the studied youth for the relationship between the included cultural psychological orientations and the flexibility in coping with stress. Materials and methods: A total of 367 adolescents (131 boys and 236 girls) aged between 13 and 20 participated in the study. The following methods were used: the Individualism–Collectivist Questionnaire by Harry Triandis and Michele Gelfand, Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire by Basińska et al., and a personal survey. Results: Polish adolescents obtained the highest average score in the psychological orientation of vertical collectivism. There were statistically significant positive correlations between horizontal individualism, horizontal collectivism, vertical collectivism and flexibility in coping and its dimensions. Moreover, Polish adolescents’ psychological orientation – horizontal individualism – was a predictor of flexibility in coping with stress and its dimensions. The analysis revealed that the model for the relationship between horizontal individualism and coping competences with the modifying role of age was statistically significant. Younger adolescents (from 13 to 17 years of age) were more individually oriented horizontally, and had higher coping competences, whereas in the group of older adolescents (>17.4) this effect was not observed. Conclusions: The results of the study are an important contribution to the recognition of flexibility in coping, but also answer numerous questions about its relationships with cultural psychological orientation.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48778073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ego-resiliency and life satisfaction in individuals with alcohol dependence","authors":"P. Dębski","doi":"10.15557/PIPK.2021.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/PIPK.2021.0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":"21 1","pages":"110-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45525179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational program “Communication in the Treatment Process” – description, goals, and theoretical background","authors":"A. Wieczorek, Agnieszka Fusińska-Korpik, Ł. Cichocki, Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego Kraków Katedra Psychiatrii","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2021.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2021.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Effective medical communication is an extremely important aspect of patient-centered medicine. It allows for achieving better treatment outcomes and is of key importance in the case of patients experiencing mental problems. Research clearly indicates that the quality of communication is a fundamental element of medical services, which not only affects patient satisfaction, but can also reduce the risk of burnout among staff who have contact with patients. A sense of mutual understanding translates into trust and contributes to more conscientious adherence to medical recommendations. Considering the cooperation of all medical and non-medical personnel, high-quality communication reduces the risk of tensions and conflicts, as well as the number of complaints reported by patients. Both research findings and our own experience show that individuals with mental disorders often feel misunderstood, stigmatised, or ignored by healthcare personnel. Based on the above assumptions, the experts from Józef Babiński Specialist Hospital in Kraków developed their own program entitled “Communication in the Treatment Process.” It was implemented in 2018 by the Ministry of Health among over 2,500 professionals in the Małopolskie and Podkarpackie provinces. The aim of the project was to improve the communication skills of medical and non-medical personnel in the context of communication with patients with mental disorders. The paper describes in detail the theoretical background, the goals, and the course of the program.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45051046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research – revised version by Giovanni A. Fava and his research team","authors":"M. Basińska, Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy Bydgoszcz Polska Wydział Psychologii, Agnieszka Woźniewicz","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2021.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2021.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR), developed by a team of Italian and American researchers at the end of the 20th century, was elaborated and then revised based on observations and studies conducted by clinicians. In this paper, we present their current version known as DCPR-R. This classification system departs from the functional/organic dichotomy of disorders. The new criteria allow for the assessment of the role of multiple emotional/behavioural dimensions and responses in the functioning of an affected person. The revised version has four diagnostic modules, i.e., stress, illness behaviour, psychological manifestation, and personality. The authors introduced an additional factor to describe life experiences that contribute to stress (allostatic overload). Illness behaviours include health anxiety, disease phobia, hypochondriasis, thanatophobia, illness denial, persistent somatisation, conversion, and anniversary reaction. Irritable mood, somatic symptoms secondary to a psychiatric disorder and demoralisation are psychological manifestations. Type A behaviour pattern and alexithymia are considered personalityrelated factors. The authors of DCPR-R proposed a certain number of criteria to be met in order to diagnose each of these syndromes. The system makes it possible to clearly determine the presence of a given syndrome, but it does not allow to assess its severity. Psychosomatic syndromes play an important role in the development and/or course of somatic diseases. Inclusion of these syndromes in clinical diagnosis has made it possible to expand the spectrum of information about patient’s functioning, and, once they are diagnosed, offer appropriate psychological assistance, which will translate into an improvement in the quality of life.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48464815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group psychological counselling as a form of prevention of adolescent addictive behaviour","authors":"S. Berdibayeva, Saira Zhiyenbayeva, F. Sakhiyeva, A. Garber, M. Kabakova, D. Ivanov, Samara Russian Federation Education","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2021.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2021.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the concept of “adolescent addictive behaviour,” summarises its scientific understanding, and outlines the mechanisms of the emergence of addictive behaviour and psychological characteristics of adolescents exhibiting addictive behaviour. The study presents a review of modern research on the problems of Internet-, food-, and alcohol addictions. The review includes Russian, Kazakh and international literature on the psychological prevention of adolescent addictive behaviour. The concept of the “psychological prevention of adolescent addictive behaviour” is disclosed, and the principles and objectives of preventive work with adolescents prone to addictive behaviour are defined. A set of diagnostic techniques is proposed to study the predilection of adolescents to addictive behaviour. The article reveals the content and effectiveness of the programme for the psychological prevention of adolescents’ predisposition to addictive behaviour by means of group psychological counselling. The authors describe the course of experimental work on the study of adolescents’ predisposition to addictive behaviour, present the testing of the developed psychological programme, and demonstrate the effectiveness of adolescents’ group counselling to prevent their addictive behaviour. The results of the study confirm the authors’ hypothesis that the use of group forms of psychological counselling is effective in psychological prevention, as it relies on the activity of adolescents. The results of the study contribute to the development of preventive pedagogy and psychology, and the improvement of the modern system of anti-alcohol and anti-drug education of adolescents. The study findings can be also used in educational institutions in advisory and remedial work with adolescents.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49483324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibromyalgia from a psychiatric point of view","authors":"Maja Hasterok, M. Piegza, P. Dębski","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2021.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2021.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Fibromyalgia is a disorder bordering on rheumatology and psychiatry, which was included in the ICD-10 (M79.7) classification in the 1990s. It is characterised by a triad of symptoms including chronic widespread pain, sleep disturbances, and mental or physical exhaustion. According to various estimates, fibromyalgia affects from 2 to 4% of the population, particularly individuals between 50 and 60 years of age. There is a lack of consistent data in the available literature on the prevalence of the disorder between sexes. Depending on the criteria used, the female/male ratio is reported to be 13.7:1, 4.8:1 or 2.3:1. Despite nearly three decades of fibromyalgia presence in the ICD classification system, the nature and treatment of the disease have not been sufficiently recognized and arouse a lively discussion among researchers of various medical specialties. The paper attempts to systematise selected issues related to fibromyalgia which seem particularly important from the point of view of psychiatry. The introduction presents the history of the debate on the concept of fibromyalgia, problems relating to the definition and classification of the condition and, finally, symptomatology. The article focuses on the psychiatric aspect of fibromyalgia and reviews reports of the association of fibromyalgia with mental disorders, as well as issues relating to pathophysiological and therapeutic concepts that may be useful to both psychiatrists and other specialists who may encounter the disorder in their practice.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48791250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stuck in painful time: perception of time by individuals with eating disorders depending on their mood","authors":"Małgorzata Starzomska-Romanowska, E. Sas, P. Rosińska, J. Bielecki","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2021.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2021.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Eating disorders still pose a formidable challenge to health care professionals. The suffering of eating-disordered individuals may be profound, with the main contributing factors being low self-esteem, guilt and depression, a sense of hopelessness, and loneliness. The objective of the study was to determine how patients with eating disorders perceive time, and in particular whether their experience of time differs from that of healthy individuals. Another goal was to examine the relationship between the mood of the subjects and their time perspective. Materials and methods: The subjects were 30 women with eating disorders and 30 age-matched healthy female controls. The three measures applied were: the Time Metaphors Questionnaire by Małgorzata Sobol-Kwapińska, the Time Perspective Inventory by Philip Zimbardo, and the UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist (UMACL) by Gerald Matthews et al. Results: As expected, statistical analyses revealed that women with eating disorders were characterised by a more negative perception of time than healthy subjects. The study also confirmed the expected correlations between positive and negative time perceptions and mood. Conclusion: The results appear to have a considerable scholarly and practical value, and should be used in the psychotherapy of eating-disordered individuals focusing on existential aspects, including in particular topics regarding the experience of time by sufferers.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47311325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic mountain hiking in psychiatric rehabilitation","authors":"M. Gawrych, Robert Słonka","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there has been a major shift towards bringing nature-based interventions (green therapy) into the mainstream of activities improving the psychological well-being of the population. Various interventions generally based on practising mindfulness in nature and training in psychosocial skills are also increasingly integrated into psychiatric rehabilitation. In Poland, the most commonly used therapeutic intervention involving contact with nature has traditionally been horticultural therapy (also known as social and therapeutic horticulture). A variety of therapeutic methods with an established status in other European countries, for example mountain hiking, forest bathing/shinrin-yoku, wilderness therapy, outdoor therapy or adventure therapy, are not sufficiently well-known in Poland. A specific type of therapeutic intervention based on contact with nature is therapy in the mountain setting, which taps into the potential of interventions based on mindfulness, climate therapy, and occupational therapy. The paper outlines the principles of organisation, therapeutic factors, and conditions determining the effectiveness of therapeutic mountain hiking, also known as mountain therapy or psychosocial mountain therapy. In addition, the paper aims to provide an overview of the tasks facing the therapist/guide. Mountain therapy has a strictly defined therapeutic goal which is pursued in a specific mountain environment. It is important to highlight that the effectiveness of therapeutic methods and the plan of the mountain hike are supported by sufficiently strong empirical evidence. The authors propose their own therapy programme in a mountain environment, complete with the preconditions and consecutive stages of the therapeutic process. Multiple research-documented benefits of the mountain setting in psychiatric rehabilitation may convince specialists to incorporate this therapeutic modality more widely into their practice, especially in the context of restrictions related to the current epidemiological situation.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41812618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borderline personality disorder – current psychotherapy guidelines","authors":"A. Popiel, Swps Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny Warszawa Polska Klinika Terapii Poznawczo-Behawioralnej","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2021.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2021.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Borderline personality disorder affects about 1–1.5% of the population. It is characterised by chronicity (from adolescence to adulthood) and a significant suicide rate (about 10%). Spontaneous improvement can be observed in some patients; however, it is estimated that specialised therapy accelerates this process several times. Psychotherapy is the recommended treatment for those with borderline personality disorder; however, it is necessary to specify the methods and principles of its application. Data from research on effectiveness (ranging from strong support to modest/controversial results requiring replication) focus on a few psychotherapy methods: dialectical behavioural therapy, schema therapy (belonging to the cognitive-behavioural approach), as well as mentalisation-based therapy and transference-oriented therapy (belonging to the psychodynamic/psychoanalytical approach). The aim of the article is to present the recommended psychotherapy methods for patients with borderline personality disorder included in the guidelines developed by institutions referring to the principles of evidence-based practice – a tripartite approach where the basis of practice is recognising methods whose effectiveness has been demonstrated in empirical studies (evidence-based treatments). We also referred to the recommendations of the American Psychiatric Association, the American Psychological Association, and the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. In the summary, the principles for psychotherapy in borderline personality disorders, common to many recommendations, including the diagnosis, risk management, therapy time planning, structure, discontinuation of psychotherapy and supervision, are also discussed. According to the guidelines (American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence), pharmacotherapy plays a supportive role in the treatment of borderline personality disorder, but it should be considered in the coherent treatment plan and case management – therefore the main recommendations for pharmacological treatment are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45649982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divided mind – divided brain. The neurobiology of dissociative identity disorder from the perspective of dynamical systems theory","authors":"Jakub Skałbania, Karolina Polewik, I. Pietkiewicz, Radosław Tomalski","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Explaining the biology of dissociative identity disorder and its clinical aspects is one of the major challenges in modern neuroscience. The complexity and the unique nature of this disorder, coupled with insufficient biopsychological models needed for creating universal therapeutic procedures, make the treatment difficult. The vast majority of neuroimaging studies in dissociative identity disorder patients proved to be inconclusive. Abnormalities of particular brain structures do not explain the wide range of symptoms in dissociative identity disorder. Moreover, the findings are partly contradictory. Collecting adequate representative study samples is difficult and most reports are in fact single case studies. On top of that, meta-analyses show that patients with dissociative identity disorder usually present with additional mental problems, which makes interpretation of neuroimaging data extremely difficult. Nowadays, scientific research on dissociative identity disorder focuses on child trauma and its influence on the development of the central nervous system. This article is an overview of recent research on the neurobiology of dissociative identity disorder, with particular emphasis on the impact of childhood trauma on the development of the central nervous system. It focuses on hypotheses attempting to capture the specific dynamics of neural activity leading to neural network fragmentation, and uses the dynamical systems theory to describe this phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43458837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}