Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY最新文献_第5页

Transcranial electrical stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in substance use disorder therapy 经颅电刺激在物质使用障碍治疗中的应用

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0003

J. Garnier

{"title":"Transcranial electrical stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in substance use disorder therapy","authors":"J. Garnier","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0003","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing interest in therapeutic applications of non-invasive brain stimulation methods. Transcranial electrical stimulation is a non-invasive brain stimulation method used to modulate central nervous system excitability. The procedure involves placing two electrodes on the patient’s head through which very low-intensity electrical current is sent. Transcranial electrical stimulation methods include transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial alternating current stimulation. These methods are considered to be safe and relatively inexpensive, and can be used in home settings. Research conducted in recent years suggests that transcranial electrical stimulation can be applied to support substance use disorder therapy. The positive effects of stimulation include decreased craving and frequency of substance use, an improved quality of life and changes in the activity of functional brain networks. Transcranial direct current stimulation with the anode being placed over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode being placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is considered to be of a particularly high therapeutic potential. There are a limited number of studies which indicate that not only direct current stimulation, but also alternating current stimulation can be used for substance use disorder therapy.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41571330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scrupulosity – cognitive-behavioural understanding of religious/moral obsessive-compulsive disorder 一丝不苟——对宗教/道德强迫症的认知行为理解

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0004

Paulina Albińska

{"title":"Scrupulosity – cognitive-behavioural understanding of religious/moral obsessive-compulsive disorder","authors":"Paulina Albińska","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0004","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on the problem of scrupulosity in the context of cognitive-behavioural therapy. The disorder has long aroused the curiosity of both psychologists and theologians. Advances in clinical psychology have directed the attention of researchers and therapists to the aetiology and nosological classification of this psychological/moral phenomenon. For many years, the variety of psychological approaches and the ambiguities of treatment strategies have aroused controversy, with treatment outcomes considered only negligible, resulting in scepticism among patients. The change was brought about by the conceptualisation of the disorder in the cognitive-behavioural paradigm. This paper briefly discusses the evolution of therapeutic models and techniques used in patients diagnosed with scrupulosity. Reference was made to the epidemiology of the phenomenon in the context of its place in the group of obsessive-compulsive disorders. The changes in the conceptualisation of problems experienced by scrupulous individuals are also presented, taking into account the cognitive-behavioural models of an obsessive-compulsive disorder, the subtype of which is nowadays scrupulosity, most often cited in psychological-medical literature. The cognitive-behavioural model of the disorder, which is not widely discussed in Polish literature, and its implications for clinical practice, as well as modifications in the standard protocol for treating patients diagnosed with obsessivecompulsive disorder, introduced to adjust for the needs of patients presenting with the moral-religious aspect of the disease, are also discussed. The aim of the article is also to promote knowledge about scrupulosity among therapists, priests and scientists, thereby inspiring creative work and improvement of the quality of everyday functioning of patients.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46803607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Commentary on: Start low, aim high. The role of doses in successful pregabalin therapy 解说词：低起点，高目标。剂量在普瑞巴林治疗成功中的作用

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0011

M. Siwek

引用次数: 0

Specific eating disorders – selected aspects of pathogenesis and risk factors 特定饮食失调——发病机制和风险因素的选定方面

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0006

Michał Górski, B. Całyniuk, Jagoda Garbicz, M. Buczkowska, Karolina Siudmak, K. Górska, R. Polaniak

{"title":"Specific eating disorders – selected aspects of pathogenesis and risk factors","authors":"Michał Górski, B. Całyniuk, Jagoda Garbicz, M. Buczkowska, Karolina Siudmak, K. Górska, R. Polaniak","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Although research into the aetiology and pathogenesis of eating disorders has been ongoing for many years, it has not yet been possible to identify all the factors responsible for their development. Current research does not focus on a single risk factor, but looks for correlations between them. This article presents selected aspects of the pathogenesis and risk factors of specific eating disorders. Family and individual factors, social and cultural factors, and biological factors are described. Particular attention has been paid to the aspect of parenting styles and behaviours exhibited, e.g. excessive punishment and emotional coldness. The coexistence of personality disorders with specific and non-specific eating disorders is also described. The social aspect highlights the development of social media and their impact on selfesteem, body dissatisfaction, and promotion of pathological thinness. Cultural factors include progressive “westernisation” and the rapid increase in the prevalence of eating disorders in the areas of the world where they did not previously exist. Among biological factors, publications on appetite neuromodulators, genetic factors, gut microbiota disorders, and the so-called brain-gut axis were analysed. Modern science is not as yet able to answer the question of which of the mentioned factors has the greatest impact on the development of eating disorders, however, ongoing research offers hope for effective treatment of these diseases in the future. Knowing the factors predisposing to their occurrence will allow early identification of risk groups and undertaking preventive and therapeutic actions, including psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47509431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Screen device use and common health problems in children and adolescents 儿童和青少年使用屏幕设备和常见健康问题

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0007

D. Puzio, I. Makowska, K. Rymarczyk

{"title":"Screen device use and common health problems in children and adolescents","authors":"D. Puzio, I. Makowska, K. Rymarczyk","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Children are exposed to screen devices from early developmental stages and use them increasingly often as they grow. Screen time has reached unprecedented levels in paediatric population, raising concerns about whether it holds potential for harm. Additionally, a growing number of scholars suggest that different patterns of screen device use may be even more important for well-being than the duration of use itself. In this paper, we summarise the current state of the ongoing debate regarding common paediatric problems and their possible relationships with screen media use. Sleep disorders, obesity, musculoskeletal symptoms, vision problems, cognitive dysfunctions, as well as mood and behavioural disorders are discussed. Most evidence supporting the relationship between health problems and new technologies comes from cross-sectional studies that do not warrant inferences as to the direction of causality. Hence, our aim was to present various aspects of the discussed problems rather than to reach final conclusions. Currently, experts throughout the world agree that parents should guide, supervise and limit children’s screen time before the age of 5 years. As children grow, more adequate approach would be to provide guidance and help if needed. Regardless of age, following general principles for raising children in the digital era might prevent health complications.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49056530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selected cognitive-behavioural models of behavioural addictions 行为成瘾的认知行为模型

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0002

Angelika Kleszczewska-Albińska

{"title":"Selected cognitive-behavioural models of behavioural addictions","authors":"Angelika Kleszczewska-Albińska","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0002","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses behavioural addiction in the context of cognitive-behavioural model of therapy. Behavioural addiction can be diagnosed based on the six main criteria: (1) preoccupation with activity, (2) mood modification resulting from involvement in behaviour, (3) increased level of tolerance for the addictive activity, (4) withdrawal symptoms, (5) increased number of conflicts, and (6) relapses. According to research conducted in a representative sample of Polish population aged 15 years and older, the most popular behavioural addictions in our country include workaholism, shopaholism, internet addiction, social media addiction, smartphone addiction, and gambling. Cognitive-behavioural therapy is one of the most effective therapeutic strategies for behavioural addictions. This approach is based mostly on Beck’s and Ellis’s traditional models. The models of cognitive-behavioural therapy include identification of early maladaptive experiences resulting in negative core beliefs. They also refer to psychopathological factors that were developed later in lifetime. Furthermore, they incorporate description of negative automatic thoughts that trigger addictive behaviours, and allow to observe the vicious circle and entanglement in addictive activity, which initially perceived as a way for reducing the tension, used in excess contributes to increased individual’s discomfort. Cognitive-behavioural therapy in behaviourally addicted patients usually includes an analysis of four phases: (1) antecedent phase, (2) triggering phase, (3) the phase of satisfying the needs connected to the addiction, and (4) the phase following the accomplishment of the addictive behaviour. Cognitive-behavioural therapy includes various methods of work based on the knowledge about cognitive processes. Interventions in this approach are structuralised and limited in time. There are three basic phases of cognitive-behavioural therapy: (1) behaviour modification, (2) cognitive restructuring, and (3) harm reduction.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43970714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The manic and hypomanic phases in bipolar disorder and female sexuality in early adulthood 双相情感障碍的躁狂期和轻躁狂期与成年早期女性性行为

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0001

Alicja Kozakiewicz

{"title":"The manic and hypomanic phases in bipolar disorder and female sexuality in early adulthood","authors":"Alicja Kozakiewicz","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the fact that a change in sexual behaviour is considered an integral part of bipolar disorder, hardly any literature on sexual problems in women with this disease is available. Aim: The study aimed to determine whether there is an association between manic/hypomanic phases and sexual dysfunction and alcohol use, and to test for differences between the control and study groups. Materials and methods: The study involved 590 women from Poland, aged 19–40 years. The control group consisted of 538 and the bipolar disorder group of 52 subjects. The study used the Female Sexual Function Index and two original questionnaires: the Questionnaire of Sexual Risk Behaviour (Cronbach’s alpha 0.7) and the Questionnaire of Manic/Hypomanic Phases (Cronbach’s alpha 0.89). Data were analysed by Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient and Mann–Whitney U test of differences. Results: The study showed a relationship between the manic/hypomanic phase and a decrease in dysfunction in the area of orgasm, and a relationship between the frequency of alcohol consumption and engaging in homosexual behaviours. Women with bipolar disorder were more likely to engage in risky behaviours than women in the control group, and showed higher ratings of dysfunction of the desire and arousal areas as well as higher overall ratings of sexual dysfunction. Conclusions: There is a need for ongoing research in this topic area to develop the field of sexual symptomatology in bipolar disorder in relation to current sexual, cultural, and gender norms.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47885652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incongruities between perceived control and desire for control: accounting for depressive symptomology in adolescence 感知控制和控制欲望之间的不一致：青春期抑郁症状的解释

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0005

Liam Myles, E. Merlo

{"title":"Incongruities between perceived control and desire for control: accounting for depressive symptomology in adolescence","authors":"Liam Myles, E. Merlo","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence reflects a particularly challenging time for many individuals and is often accompanied by a rise in psychological difficulties. Symptoms of depression represent a particularly common problem experienced by adolescents, with over 21% of the population experiencing such symptoms at some point in their lives. These statistics underline the critical importance of understanding the cognitive mechanisms underpinning the upsurge of depressive symptoms during adolescence. Previous literature has emphasised the importance of both perceived control and desire for control in the manifestation of depressive symptomology. Indeed, contemporary research indicates that both greater perceived control and elevated desire for control are associated with a reduced risk of depression. This paper extends contemporary theories of depression and outlines a novel model to account for the rise in psychological difficulties during adolescence. Re-examination of the literature indicates that the upsurge of psychological difficulties during adolescence stems from a discrepancy between one’s desire for control and one’s perception of control. More specifically, it is argued that elevated desire for control in the absence of correspondingly high perceived control, at least partially, contributes to poor psychological welfare in adolescence. The clinical implications are subsequently discussed, with reference to the importance of considering the extent to which adolescents desire control over their lives when undertaking therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43164605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Selective mutism – symptomatology and predisposing factors in children 儿童选择性缄默症的症状及易感因素

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0008

E. Kos

{"title":"Selective mutism – symptomatology and predisposing factors in children","authors":"E. Kos","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0008","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the issue of selective mutism, which is an anxiety disorder. Literature analysis shows that studies on selective mutism, i.e. an individual’s failure to speak in specific social situations, are missing, especially in Polish psychological and educational literature. The paper presents mainly data on the epidemiology and aetiology of selective mutism, emphasising the need to initiate therapy as soon as possible after the diagnosis. According to epidemiological data, the number of children with selective mutism is growing. This prevents educational success, and, above all, emotional and social development. Unfortunately, symptoms indicative of selective mutism are very often underestimated or confused with other developmental problems. It should be emphasised that early and accurate diagnosis is very important as selective mutism can give rise to social anxiety, depressive disorders and many other problems. The paper describes the diagnostic specifiers of selective mutism and the current trends in explaining some of the causes of the disorder, especially in the context of polyvagal theory and the concept of Bar-Haim and Henkin (with the focus placed on the aspects that are rarely cited in the literature). The disorders and difficulties usually associated with selective mutism are also mentioned. We expect that the paper will contribute to the reflection on the need to develop effective protocols to properly manage the disorder and eliminate its effects. Our literature review shows that empirical studies on the efficacy of selective mutism therapy in children and adolescents are still missing.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44336124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Olanzapine – abuse and misuse 奥氮平——滥用和误用

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Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.15557/pipk.2022.0009

Przemysław Łukasiewicz, Antoni Ferenc

{"title":"Olanzapine – abuse and misuse","authors":"Przemysław Łukasiewicz, Antoni Ferenc","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few decades, drug abuse has become a significant health problem. The reason for this situation is multifaceted; one should take into account both the greater health awareness in the society and faster pace of life associated with increased stress, but also the increasingly common tendency to medicalise everyday problems. This phenomenon, so far associated mainly with analgesics, sedatives and hypnotics, has begun to affect also other groups of drugs in recent years. The article addresses the phenomenon of abuse and misuse of olanzapine – an increasingly popular drug with a well-established clinical status, used primarily in the treatment of psychotic, affective and behavioural disorders. The epidemiology, pathophysiological background and clinical picture of the abuse and misuse of this drug are described. Moreover, the issues of insufficient social awareness of this problem and the lack of guidelines both for the diagnosis and treatment are highlighted. Undoubtedly, the phenomenon requires further study, with a particular focus on its specific clinical presentations characteristic for the populations of different countries and groups of patients with specific medical diagnoses.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43199910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0