Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY最新文献

{"title":"Music therapy and music-based intervention as a form of therapeutic and educational work with preschool and early school-aged children with selective mutism","authors":"E. Kos","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Selective mutism is an increasingly recognised disorder among preschool- and early school-aged children. Currently, therapists are searching for optimal therapeutic intervention techniques for working with children affected by selective mutism. Music therapy is proving to be an effective modality for working with children who are communicatively isolated in preschool and school environments, which manifests itself in absent, impaired or difficult relationships with peers. This text characterises the specific features of selective mutism. In the initial section, the author discusses the multifactorial aetiology of selective mutism. In the following section, the author presents selected techniques for initiating improvisational musical activity as one of the therapeutic approaches in working with children with selective mutism. The author emphasises the potential of music therapy in the process of lowering the level of anxiety (getting rid of the fear of speaking) and restoring free non-verbal communication as soon as possible in children of preschool and early school age. The author also draws attention to the specific nature of the relationship between the therapist and the child, which is conducive to the effective course of the music therapy process. The main conclusion of the study is that music therapy, which shows a great psychological, medical, and especially pedagogical potential, can contribute to a reduction in communicative tension and promote a relatively rapid acquisition of spontaneous speech in children. Thus, it represents a worthwhile therapeutic option in working with children with selective mutism in kindergartens and schools.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43895777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insomnia in response to stress in pregnant women: description of the problem, complications, identification of risk groups and therapeutic options","authors":"A. Majewska, D. Wołyńczyk-Gmaj","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Insomnia is a major clinical problem in pregnant population, with almost 40% of women in the third trimester being affected. If left untreated, insomnia reduces the quality of life and increases the risk of other disorders, both somatic and mental. Sleep disorders can affect the course of pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal outcomes, as well as prevent the formation of a proper bond between mother and infant, which is crucial for the child’s further development. The term “sleep reactivity,” defining a certain tendency to exhibit sleep disturbance in response to a stressful stimulus, increasingly appears in literature. Sleep reactivity is a part of the body’s overall response to stress. It has been shown that high sleep reactivity can be a risk factor for chronic insomnia, which confirms its clinical significance. Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST) is an available and easy-to-use tool to measure this tendency. Due to the high prevalence and multiple complications of pregnancy insomnia, it is worth using appropriate screening tools to diagnose the disorder during prenatal checkups with the attending physician. In the light of current medical knowledge, cognitive-behavioural therapy of insomnia is the method of choice and should be used in every symptomatic patient. The latest data also indicate its efficacy and safety in advanced pregnancy patients.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44043155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“I want to be honest. Is it something bad?” Clinical psychology case study – neuropsychology. An example for a State Examination","authors":"J. Wyszomirska, A. Daniel-Sielańczyk","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0019","url":null,"abstract":"The publication was created in response to specialists’ demand for access to sample case studies prepared according to the guidelines for specialty examination in clinical psychology. Its aim is to present the diagnostic application process as well as an example of a positively assessed case during the 2017 examination. The case study does not constitute the full version presented to the Examination Committee as it was adjusted to the guidelines of the Journal. The paper is a continuation of a series of articles published in the “Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology” in previous years, presenting case reports from clinical psychology of adult mental disorders (Rasmus et al., 2019) and neuropsychology (Binder-Olibrowska et al., 2020).","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43921196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of telehealth for patients with autism spectrum disorder based on the example of Extension for Community Health Outcomes (ECHO) Autism – a global model introduced in Poland","authors":"Agnieszka Rynkiewicz, I. Łucka, Gabriela Grylowska, Magdalena Szura, K. Plata-Nazar","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders associated with deficits in social, communication and behavioural functions. It is estimated that 1–2% of the global population is affected by autism spectrum disorders, with girls and women still representing a highly underestimated group of autistic patients. Patients with autism spectrum disorder require comprehensive care and often have difficulty accessing high-quality healthcare services due to the shortage of well-trained specialists. Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Autism is a global program that allows autism spectrum disorder experts to share their knowledge and skills with professionals in local communities. The ECHO project is a mentoring model in which an interdisciplinary team of experts plays a supreme role and provides practical information to specialists in local communities. ECHO Autism is not a form of telemedicine but a telementoring model, where specialised knowledge is delivered to local specialists. Experts teach how to investigate and diagnose autism spectrum disorder as well as how to deal with co-occurring conditions in these patients. ECHO Autism is useful in meeting the complex needs of patients with autism spectrum disorders from their childhood to late adulthood. It provides the best possible care for these patients and their families, expands practical knowledge and awareness of the disorder, while reducing the inequalities that often occur in rural and neglected communities. The ECHO Autism model is disseminated globally due to its flexibility in adapting to local and regional differences in social norms and constructs. The model is now for the first time introduced in the field of medicine in Europe, with Poland being the first country to adopt it. The aim of this paper is to briefly present the ECHO Autism model and to announce its development in Poland.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48101778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term intensive group therapy in the clinical treatment of adolescents with the diagnosis of anorexia and bulimia nervosa at “Neuromed” Neuropsychiatry Centre in Wrocław","authors":"M. Kaczmarek-Fojtar, Piotr Musiał, M. Szewczuk-Bogusławska","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0016","url":null,"abstract":"In some patients diagnosed with eating disorders the application of standard therapeutic modalities is ineffective or results in incomplete remission of symptoms. It is worth pointing out that 51–73% of patients discontinue their treatment. Therefore, there is an ongoing search for psychotherapeutic methods that would increase the effectiveness of treatment in this group of patients. One of them is psychodynamic group therapy. For adolescents, both when it comes to healthy teenagers and those meeting the criteria of psychological disorders, being in touch with their peers serves important developmental functions. Above all, it provides a chance to differentiate oneself from the family system and create a separate identity. The aim of the article is to describe our experience and work methods related to the provision of an intense, two-week-long group therapy for adolescent patients diagnosed with eating disorders. The role of pre-treatment psychotherapy consultations as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria will be discussed, as this form of therapy is directed at a selected group of patients. For several years now, group psychotherapy has been a part of outpatient treatment of patients with eating disorders at the “Neuromed” Neuropsychiatry Centre in Wrocław. The method relies on various elements such as psychoeducation and art therapy. Work techniques are reinforced by therapeutic dialogue, clarification, confrontation, and talking through the group process. The therapy is focused on activating the processes of introspection and mentalisation. The aims of group psychotherapy include gaining in-depth insights into the psychotherapeutic diagnosis, strengthening the motivation for treatment, addressing distorted body image, engaging in self-reflection, and increasing the awareness of functioning in interpersonal relationships.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41682241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposal for a Suicide Risk Assessment Protocol (Procedura Oceny Ryzyka Samobójczego, PORS) – protection of health and life of patients in psychiatric hospitals","authors":"A. Lubas, D. Rode","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0015","url":null,"abstract":"As estimated by the World Health Organization, suicide, which defined as an act of intentionally taking one’s own life, accounts for approximately 1.4% of all deaths worldwide. There are many concepts of suicide, including those based on the cognitive theory – suicidal cognitive mode theory, interpersonal theory of suicide, or on the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicide. Suicide attempts can be made by both mentally ill people and people in crisis (suffering from, for example, adjustment disorder). A reliable and standardised procedure of suicidal risk assessment for patients in Polish psychiatric hospitals is currently missing, hence it was decided to develop a suicidal behaviour risk assessment model that would improve the quality of therapeutic work and maximise the protection of health and life of psychiatric patients. The procedure is to be understood as a set of activities primarily involving psychological and psychiatric examination. The lack of psychological procedures for assessing risk factors and protective factors at the State Hospital for Mental Diseases in Rybnik mobilised a team of specialists to develop the PORS (Procedura Oceny Ryzyka Samobójczego – Suicide Risk Assessment Protocol) model as a proposal for data collection, assessment and intervention in patients with a suicidal riswk. It was proposed to start the suicidal risk assessment with determining the severity of risk factors, which include, inter alia, mental disorders, sudden situational factors (in combination with personality traits) as well as substance abuse. The initial and final risk assessment allows to estimate not only the presence of predictors that increase suicidal tendencies, but also the actual risk of an intentional suicide attempt. PORS is a kind of systematisation of knowledge and experience in working with a patient with suicidal thoughts, intentions, or after a suicide attempt. The individual stages of psychological and psychiatric procedures contain guidelines and schemes in relation to the individual needs of a patient at risk of suicide.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44192862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperament and early maladaptive schemas as correlates of sexual satisfaction","authors":"J. Miniszewska, Magdalena Wojtalik, J. Chodkiewicz","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This paper presents the correlates of sexual satisfaction, i.e. early maladaptive schemas and personality factors. Aim: The aim of the present study was to identify which early maladaptive schemas are associated with sexual satisfaction, and to clarify the role of temperamental dimensions in determining its level. In other words, the study analyses the significance of early human experience and personality determinants for the level of sexual satisfaction. Methods: The study group consisted of 104 people aged 18 to 40 years who were recruited from the general non-clinical population. Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (Kwestionariusz Satysfakcji Seksualnej, KSS), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) Young’s Schema Questionnaire 3, Short Form (YSQ-S3-PL), were used in the analysis. Results: Of all the personality variables, only Harm Avoidance was found to have a predictive value (β = −0.246; p = 0.036): all temperamental and characterological variables that entered the regression model were found to account for only about 12% of the variability. Among the maladaptive schema domains analysed, Over-vigilance and Inhibition and Other Directedness have predictive values, together explaining about 26% of the variability of the results (β = −0.311, p = 0.006; β = −0.247, p = 0.029). Conclusion: The most significant determinants of sexual satisfaction are cognitive schemas, i.e. early childhood experiences based on the long-term satisfaction of one or several core needs, or failure to do so. In contrast, personality factors, including temperamental and character factors, play a slightly lesser role.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47161610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender dysphoria in adolescents with psychotic disorders – symptom or co-occurring phenomenon?","authors":"I. Łucka, Marta Jurczyk, A. Łucka","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0018","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of gender dysphoria symptoms in adolescents presenting psychotic disorders generates great diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. They are related not only to the question of what is the nature of the reported dissatisfaction with one’s biological sex, but also to the normative period of uncertainty and searching in the process of psychosexual development in a young person. In this context, reaching a decision on gender correction treatment requires a particularly thorough analysis, a precise differential diagnosis and, above all, stabilisation of the psychological state as well as prolonged observation and exclusion of the delusional basis of gender dysphoria. It strikes us as particularly important to provide such patients with appropriate care. Allowing for gender correction, in the absence of a confirmed causal relationship between the two disorders, seems to be an appropriate, although debatable, therapeutic approach. Refusing medical interventions in adolescents in a timely manner poses a significant risk of psychological deterioration, may exacerbate gender dysphoria and contribute to self-representation provoking persecution and stigmatisation, and thus may increase stress levels, which is an important factor in psychotic decompensation.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43439981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modafinil as an alternative in the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with affective disorders","authors":"N. Piskorska, J. Zawadzki, A. Wichniak","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive daytime sleepiness or an increased need for sleep are an increasingly common reason of medical appointments. For years, the literature on sleep disorders has reported a complex two-way relationship between excessive sleepiness and mental disorders – especially mood disorders, which include winter depression in seasonal affective disorder. Assessment and effective treatment of excessive sleepiness in patients with seasonal affective disorder is an important component of the therapy. Hypersomnia is often a residual symptom of affective disorders, compromising the quality of life and daily functioning. Modafinil is an agent used in adults to treat excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy, with or without cataplexy. In addition to the registered indications, previous studies have shown efficacy and good tolerance of modafinil as augmentation treatment of depressive episodes in patients with residual symptoms in the form of fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness, who received drugs from the group of serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The aim of this paper is to present the problem of excessive daytime sleepiness in the course of seasonal affective disorder and to propose modafinil therapy.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49140323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Start low, aim high. The role of doses in successful pregabalin therapy","authors":"J. Woroń","doi":"10.15557/pipk.2022.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.001","url":null,"abstract":"Pregabalin belongs to a group of anti-epileptic drugs that act on the alpha 2/delta subunit of the G protein of voltage-gated calcium channels. As a consequence of its pharmacological effect, pregabalin reduces the levels of intracellular calcium ions and enhances pre- and postsynaptic inhibition in the central nervous system, which translates directly into its clinical action. The expanding indications for pregabalin, not only in the treatment of neuropathic pain, but also in neurology and psychiatry, mean that the drug is accepted by an increasing number of patients with different pharmacokinetic characteristics. Pregabalin treatment can be started at lower doses of 25–50–75 mg at a time, and then slowly up-titrated to an effective and welltolerated dose. Doses may also need to be reduced in patients with renal insufficiency. Pregabalin dosing in elderly patients is based on an established adult regimen, but with a prolonged titration period. It is worth recalling that the recommended dose of pregabalin in the case of neuropathic pain should be 300–600 mg per day. Therefore, different doses of the drug are needed to ensure optimal efficacy and reduce the risk of side effects. Considering the pharmacokinetic profile of pregabalin, the drug should be available in various doses for individualised use. This is of particular importance due to its linear pharmacokinetics, which allows achieving doses that are effective and well-tolerated by the patient in a much more effective way than in the case of gabapentin, which in turn is a condition for compliance.","PeriodicalId":42849,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47968721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}