Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology最新文献

{"title":"Time Series Analysis of Spot and Future Commodity Market in India During Covid – 19","authors":"D. Kalaiarasi, A. Rohini, N. Palanichamy, K. Shivakumar, R. Selvi, K. C. Sekhar","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92132","url":null,"abstract":"Derivatives are innovative financial instruments in the 21st century to help the market participants in mitigating the risk. Commodity derivatives are not new to the world, but reentered with new face into the fray. In India, derivatives are introduced at first on index and followed by securities and commodities phase wise for the betterment of the markets and the price discovery. The present study explores the association and trend between the Spot and Futures Commodity Derivatives Market in India before and during the Covid – 19 pandemic. The study uses descriptive, trend analysis and correlation analysis. The analysis done by using the MCX four major agriculture and non-agriculture commodities such as Cotton, Mentha oil, Crude oil and Natural gas spot as well as future price. Indian commodity futures market can be used as hedging tool with financial instruments for diversifying the risk during crisis period.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126849380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Sigatoka Leaf Spot Disease in Banana Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)","authors":"Srinjal Samridhi, M. Kalpana, R. Parimalarangan, N. Palanichamy","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92123","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Rapid and Early identification of the cause of the disease enables prompt selection of the protection method and reduces the yield loss. Lag in disease diagnosis reduces the crop output and increases the cost of cultivation. To overcome this problem, deep learning techniques are used to identify Sigatoka leaf spot disease in bananas through image detection. CNN is a dependable method to identify the disease at the initial stages to help farmers. \u0000Place and Duration of the Study: Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu agricultural university, Coimbatore. Duration of the experiment was three months. \u0000Methodology: Image of diseased leaves and healthy leaves were collected from the different areas of Pollachi and Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Variations in colors were removed and the quality of the image was enhanced to increase the accuracy. The image dataset comprised                        of a total of 2008 images of banana Sigatoka leaf spot and healthy banana leaves for differentiation and evaluation. Initial stage of training includes loading of the image data for training, determining the learning rate, running the optimizer, and compiling the training convolution model. The                 model's accuracy is assessed in the last step, saving the accuracy and loss occurred during training. \u0000Results: The experiment result shows that disease detection accuracy of the intended model is 96.41%. It gives higher accuracy and improved performance.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124258062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoption of Improved Cotton Cultivation Practices among the Farmers in Sriganganagar District of Rajasthan, India","authors":"Ph. D. Scholar, Jaipal a, N. R. Meena, R. K. Doharey, Soniya Rishi, Smita Singh","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92122","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted during the year 2022 in Padampur and Suratgarh blocks of Sriganganagar district of Rajasthan to study the extent of adoption of cotton growers on improved cotton cultivation practices. A sample size of 120 respondents was selected based on proportionate random sampling procedure. Personal interviews with the help of a structured schedule were taken for data collection The study revealed that majority of the respondents (58.34%) had medium level of adoption of improved cotton cultivation practices followed by 30% high and 11.66% low level of adoption of Cotton cultivation practices by the respondents. The study analyzed that high adoption found in time of sowing cotton with 89.30 MPS, and respondents had less adoption of seed treatment in cotton crop with 61.66 MPS.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127785242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Mulberry Cultivation on Beneficiary Farmers in Amravati District, India","authors":"Sangeeta Kumare, V. Gohad, R. Karangami","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92121","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted in Amravati district in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state. Six villages were selected from one taluka respectively. The 80 respondents were selected from 6 villages. The data were collected by personal interview method with the help of a structured interview schedule. The data were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted. The variables namely occupation, land holding, annual income, income from sericulture, farming experience, sources of information, training received and marketing facilities are positively and highly significant with social and economic impact at 0.01 level of probability. The variables namely education and extension contact are positively significant with social and economic impact at 0.05 level of probability. Whereas, the age of the respondent sericulturists had a non-significant relationship with the social and economic impact of mulberry cultivation. The financial gain by the beneficiaries of mulberry cultivation from one acre per year (4 rotations) was Rs.1,00,000. The majority of the respondent sericulturists faced problems related to the shortage of irrigation water, high labour charges, markets far away from the sericulture unit and lack of knowledge about disease control in mulberry.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116291379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the Trend, Change and Fluctuation in Area, Production and Productivity of Coriander in Different Districts of Chhattisgarh, India","authors":"Prakash Kabiraj, Suneel Kumar Rajak","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92120","url":null,"abstract":"Coriander is first largest grown spice in the country during 2020-21 India accounting for 64.41 per cent (1430 thousand metric tones). The absolute change in area of coriander grown in Mahasamund district was found to be maximum (1.07 thousand hectare) and overall Chhattisgarh state have found 8.12 thousand hectare.  Korba district was the highest relative change in area of coriander grown 398.92 per cent and overall Chhattisgarh state have 130.11 per cent. Mahasamund district had the greatest absolute change and relative change in coriander production (10.47 thousand tones and 44875.72%, respectively), Chhattisgarh state was found to be 46.66 thousand tones and 314.27 per cent, respectively. In Mahasamund district, the absolute and relative change in coriander productivity was found to be the greatest (8.72 thousand tones and 3128.38%) Chhattisgarh state was found 1.47 thousand tones and 57.53 per cent. The area and production was found to be minimum and more stable in Surguja district (17.80% and 41.48%) and overall Chhattisgarh state have found 37.36 and 57.12 per cent,   respectively. The productivity was found to be minimum and more stable in Raighar district (25.46%) and more variable in Mahasamund (82.22%). Variability in productivity of overall Chhattisgarh state have found to be 25.83 per cent. Simple growth rate in area, production and productivity of coriander was found to be maximum in Mahasamund district (14.92, 21.12 and  14.70%) and overall Chhattisgarh state have found 5.50, 8.51 and 3.56 per cent, respectively. Trend in area of all coriander grown districts had shown positive and highly significant except Raigharh district. For the production of all coriander gown districts had show positive and highly significant except Rajnandgaon district.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132968313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial Feasibility Analysis of the Inferior Robusta Coffee Beans Selling Using the Fermentation Method with Kefir Starter at CV. Asmak Kopi","authors":"Brian Septa Prismanda, Yuli Witono, Giyarto, M. Belgis, A. Afriliana","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92119","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the financial feasibility of Kefir fermentation for inferior robusta coffee. The research design employed data collection methods. The study was conducted at CV. Asmak Kopi from August to December 2022. The study utilized data as the subject of investigation. The data used in this research consisted of primary and secondary data. Primary data was sourced from the coffee business entity CV. Asmak Kopi, including labor data, production costs, production types, and coffee prices. Secondary data used in the study was obtained from various government institutions, organizations, research studies, survey results, and other sources. The obtained data was quantitative and analyzed to determine financial feasibility, including analysis of production costs, break-even analysis, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) analysis, Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio) analysis, Payback Period (PP) analysis, Return on Investment (ROI) analysis, and Net Present Value (NPV) analysis. This quantitative analysis was presented in tabulated form, grouping and classifying the data to facilitate data analysis. Data processing was performed using calculators and Microsoft Excel software. Based on the research findings, the business of improving the quality of inferior robusta coffee through kefir fermentation at CV. Asmak Kopi is financially feasible. This is supported by the results of the financial feasibility test, indicating an IRR of 82.88%, B/C Ratio of 3.08, Gross B/C Ratio of 1.8, positive NPV, and a payback period shorter than the production lifespan. The sensitivity analysis also showed that a 50% increase in inferior material prices had no significant impact, indicating that the business is still viable. However, a 20% decrease in selling prices has a significant impact, and the product should not experience a price decrease of more than 20%. At a price decrease of 30%, the business is not feasible as it would result in losses. The business of improving the quality of inferior robusta coffee through kefir fermentation at CV. Asmak Kopi is feasible.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128954734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preseason Promotional and Extension Activities being Conducted by Research Seed Selling Seed Companies for the Hybrid Maize Crop","authors":"S. S. Lalage, H. R. Surnar, Y. S. Ekhande, H. B. Patil","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92118","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most popular commercial seeds, maize generated Rs. 14.91 billion in income in 2016. The rise in ethanol production and increased usage of maize as animal feed are responsible for the increase in the crop. Currently, only around 25% of maize is used as food grain, with the remaining 75% being used for non-food purposes such as biofuels, animal feed, poultry feed, alcohol brewing, starch-based wet milling, and other industrial uses. However, the enhanced investment in maize by global seed companies would flow into India through technology transfer and Public-Private Partnerships in the next fifty years. The Exploratory research design was used for the present study. The study was conducted in Solapur district. Five tehsil were selected to conduct market research in Solapur district. In each tehsil 10 farmers and 5 Dealers were selected. The sample size was 5 leading markets of the district, 5 dealers per big markets and 10 farmers per big market i.e 50 farmers and 25 dealers. The research instrument used in this project was well defined structured questionnaire for Dealer and Farmer. The main objective of this study was to learn the preseason promotional and extension activities being conducted by research seed selling seed companies for the hybrid maize crop. It is revealed from that, the promotional and extension activities taken by the hybrid maize seed companies for the hybrid maize seed for encouragement of farmers as well as dealers for purchase that seed. At that time 23 farmers responded to the demonstration plot, 10 farmers responded to the advertising, 13 farmers’ response were to the campaigning and remaining 4 farmers response were to other activities taken by the companies. To make data analysis simple, simple statistical techniques like shares (percent), pie charts, and graphs were chosen once the data was systematically classified in accordance with the objectives.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130075162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability of Farmer Producer Organisation’s – Major constraints in functioning of FPO in Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"V. Jayashree, A. Rani, C. Karthikeyan, M. Malarkodi, R. Selvi","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92113","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of group formation and collectivization by organizing at the regional level is very important in the era of globalization and free trade liberalization. FPOs organize small farmers for forward linkages such as collective, marketing, processing, and market-driven agriculture production, as well as backward linkages for inputs like seeds, fertilizers, credit, insurance, knowledge, and extension services. Even though FPOs are doing well, still they face lot of challenges and struggle for their sustainability.  Keeping these factors in view, the current study was done to determine the constraints, that Farmers' Producers Organization (FPO) faced for sustainable functioning. The study was conducted in Pennagaram block of Dharmapuri district in Tamil Nadu. 100 members of FPO were selected for the study. The interview schedule is used to collect the data. Rank Based Quotient (RBQ) was used to analyse the data collected. The results showed that lack of initiatives among the FPO members with the RBQ score of 83.83 under personal constraints, lack of well-developed processing facilities with the RBQ score of 90.00 under infrastructural constraints, lack of crop insurance facilities with the RBQ score of 93.00 under economic constraints, high transportation cost with the RBQ score of 95.17 under marketing constraints, weak economic status to run the organisation with the RBQ score of 86.38 under organisational constraints and lack of timely, cheap and good quality inputs with the RBQ score of 94.00 under technical constraints were the major constraints faced by the FPO members. Initiation among the FPO members, well developed processing and marketing facilities in their villages, provision of crop insurance for affected farmers, tax exemption, inclusion of their millets production in ration shops for supply are the suggestions expressed by the FPOs for their sustainability.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130727170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of Rythu Bharosa Kendra (RBK) Services in Vizianagaram District of Andhra Pradesh with a View to Improving Service Delivery to Farmers","authors":"M. Haritha, M. Asokhan, C. Karthikeyan, A. Rani, P. S. Ganapati","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92114","url":null,"abstract":"Rythu Bharosa Kendra is a State Government initiative of Andhra Pradesh in India for providing various services to the farmers from seed to sale at gross root level. The present study highlights the knowledge level of farmers along with the constraints and suggestions of farmers regarding the services provided by RBK. Ex post facto research design was employed to conduct the study, using multi stage proportionate random sampling procedure, a sample of 140 farmers were selected from Vizianagaram district. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse and categorize the data regarding knowledge level of farmers and to identify and rank the constraints and suggestions Garrett’s Ranking Technique was employed. The findings of the study identified that nearly three-fourths (73.00%) of the farmers had medium level of knowledge regarding services rendered by RBKs followed by high (17.71%) and low (9.29%) levels of knowledge. The prime constraints faced by the farmers were lack of expertise to use digital kiosk, delay in disbursement of payment for the marketed produce and lack of proper infrastructure facilities. The foremost suggestions given by the farmers were on time disbursement of payment for the marketed produce and timely supply of inputs and Rythu Bharosa to farmers and improving infrastructure facilities of RBK. The findings of the study will aid policy makers to formulate new interventions for improving the services of RBK and also functionaries of RBK in improving the existing lacunae and formulating new ones.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123048619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivational Factors of Learners for Enrolling in Organic Farming Certificate Course through Open and Distance Learning (ODL)","authors":"B. A, P. B. b, S. Lakshmi, R. Krishnan, R. Gangai, S. D","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92115","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at exploring the motivational factors that propelled the learners to join the Open and Distance Learning certificate course. The motivational factors that are influencing the enrolment of learners in the course were: Teaching – Learning process in the ODL study centre, Academic factors of the ODL certificate course, Attractive factors of the ODL study centre and other influencing factors on the motivation of learners to enrol in ODL certificate course. Using a quantitative research approach, a structured survey questionnaire was employed to intercept the motivational factors of the learners using data collected from certified learners of the Organic farming course provided in the TNAU ODL directorate. Results from the application of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) of 131 valid learners implied Teaching-Learning process, Academic factors, Attractive factors and other influencing factors have significantly motivated the learners to enrol ODL certificate course. Hence, these factors that may affect enrolment of learners and should be taken as the factors that every distance study centre should pay attention to when implementing the certificate programmes.","PeriodicalId":427773,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114833243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}