Journal of the British Archaeological Association最新文献

{"title":"Continuity and Revival: 12th-Century Standing Crosses in Huntingdonshire","authors":"P. Everson, David Stocker","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2233330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2233330","url":null,"abstract":"This paper arises from the authors’ preparation of the Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture volume on Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire. As in previous volumes, we have looked hard at the manner in which the middle- and late-Saxon tradition of erecting ‘high crosses’ at significant locations, or to mark significant graves, was continued beyond the Norman Conquest in what we have called a ‘continuing tradition’ of monument type and design. Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire’s Anglo-Scandinavian stone sculpture is well known for its quantity, and this prolific local tradition of monument-making continued after the Norman Conquest. We focus here on five elaborately decorated Huntingdonshire ‘high crosses’ in the pre-Conquest tradition. They belong to two interrelated groups: two have a monastic context, three a secular one. Monuments at Fletton and Kings Ripton each marked significant points in the landscape. Whilst the monument at Hilton had an analogous function in perhaps marking a place of congregation, its date and use of architectural details also connects it with the pair of major monuments from Godmanchester and Tilbrook/Kimbolton, for which we suggest an additional political significance within the early cult of St Thomas of Canterbury.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47969774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Romanesque Tomb Effigies: Death and Redemption in Medieval Europe, 1000–1200","authors":"Jessica Barker","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2234761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2234761","url":null,"abstract":"liturgical season. It must have created a spectacle in great contrast with the more fixed, muted, aged-pine interior greeting today’s visitor. The remaining four chapters each address the carvings on the building’s interior stave capitals, another unique aspect of this building which reveals glimpses of 12th-century cultural exchange. The contrasting perspectives offered here by Kirk Ambrose, Thomas Dale, Elizabeth den Hartog and Kjartan Hauglid examine the iconography through various lenses and connect the visual language of this corner of Norway with Mediterranean and Islamic cultures, presenting an international or even cosmopolitan view of medieval Urnes. The absence of a conclusion to the book is suggestive of its aim of offering a platform upon which future research can build, rather than providing answers. It makes a significant departure from previous publications, predominantly written by Scandinavian male authors, whose gaze has constructed a particular understanding of the building. Here new contributions from a more diverse international perspective afford this perennially intriguing subject a broader range of analysis than has previously been achieved. As proto-preservationist and landscape artist Johan C. Dahl wrote already in 1837, Urnes and particularly its carvings had ‘acquired a sort of mysterious air and a quite peculiar appeal that is due to the still undisclosed secrets surrounding their origin’. Today, that mysteriousness finds itself increasingly commercially exploited. Nevertheless, this academic publication makes an excellent contribution to counterbalancing Urnes’ misappropriation by extending the re-evaluation and re-exploration of those ‘still undisclosed secrets’ further along knowledge-based trajectories.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43570578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidental Archaeologists: French Officers and the Rediscovery of Roman North Africa","authors":"Z. Çelik","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2234764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2234764","url":null,"abstract":"front of the main altar, the sculpture helped to transform the church into one of Rome’s most revered shrines (p. 185). An epilogue takes us away from the chronological and geographic framework of the book to explore the saint’s evolution from saint to muse through the 17th century. The author sought to understand more deeply the origins of the English celebration of Cecilia’s Day and why Protestants came to regard the saint as a symbol of the power of music. Rice has also provided an appendix listing 170 pieces of music composed for Cecilia that were published or copied before 1620, including motets, Masses, and devotional songs. They offer a rich resource not only for music historians but for performers. The work is accessible, well argued, and confidently transcends academic disciplinary boundaries, fusing textual, visual and musical sources with aplomb. Yet this art historian reviewer was unfamiliar with much of the musical terminology, suggesting that of all readers, musicians and music historians are likely to reap the richest rewards. However, the book’s seventy-three colour plates offer a welcome visual chronology of Cecilia’s evolving iconographic role and rising musical star. They encompass a variety of media, including illuminations on parchment in medieval antiphonaries, woodcuts in early printed books, site-specific frescoes and panel paintings, and 16th-century engravings. The colour plates alone attest to the broad dissemination of Cecilia’s image as musician across multiple artistic supports and a wide geographic area. Rice’s book is a readable and richly researched work that makes an invaluable contribution to the understanding of this saint’s iconographic evolution.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48040604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Date of Beverley Minster and its Role in the Development of Northern Gothic in the Late 12th and Early 13th Centuries","authors":"S. Harrison, John Phillips","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2236458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2236458","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on close archaeological examination, a study of masons’ marks and especially new dendrochronological data, this article defends and develops Christopher Norton’s argument, published in 2009, that Gothic construction at Beverley Minster commenced soon after a well-documented fire in 1188. This dating was widely accepted until the 1860s, but since then there has been widespread consensus amongst scholars that Gothic construction at Beverley began no earlier than 1220. This radical re-dating disassociates Beverley with Lincoln Cathedral, and instead locates its design in relation to early Gothic construction at the abbeys of Fountains, Byland and Jervaulx, together with a wider group of ‘northern’ Gothic churches. New documentary and dendrochronological evidence also provide a more secure dating for Beverley’s 14th-century nave.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46981652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Light in Medieval Churches","authors":"Giosuè Fabiano","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2234762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2234762","url":null,"abstract":"sites like Thorney Abbey and Bromholm Priory, which housed relics brought ‘home’ from the Holy Land (p. 162). Some of the range of ‘Objects in Focus’ made more sense in the exhibition than in the book—little, for example, can be gleaned from an architectural fragment with a griffin, perhaps originating from V ezelay. Chosen because of its resemblance to textiles, the fragment provided welcome visual context among the other objects in the exhibition space, while the connection seems somewhat tenuous in the text. Perhaps one of the best and most illustrative ‘Objects in Focus’ essays is that on the Morgan Picture Bible, collaboratively written by eight students from Boston College. Here, the authors choose to highlight the long life of this familiar object, focusing on diplomacy between Safavid Iran and Europe through the book’s role as a diplomatic gift. The Persian glosses that surround the original text and illuminations are explained, and the visual appeal of the manuscript to the Safavids is discussed in relation to their own image traditions. This volume is lavishly illustrated, with plentiful full-page colour images. The text and images are very carefully laid out, and it is seldom necessary to turn more than one page to locate the object being cited—by no means a given, especially with such numerous images. Thoughtful linking statements occur throughout to connect essays and objects with other related themes. Considering the inclusion of objects spanning at least three continents, a map, or series of maps, to orient readers would have been a welcome addition. This catalogue forms a worthy adjunct to the Bringing the Holy Land Home exhibition at Holy Cross, but holds up on its own as a useful and thought-provoking volume. Specialists will appreciate the focus on the visual impact of the Crusades on medieval England; the short, accessible essays are also excellent candidates to form the backbone of undergraduate reading lists on the topic. Finally, this is a testament to Luyster’s efforts in gathering a truly admirable group of authors from all phases in their careers and education; most impressive are the ‘Objects in Focus’ written by individual and groups of undergraduates, which are as well researched and clearly written as the specialist contributions.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44927396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"London in the Roman World.","authors":"M. Henig","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2234736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2234736","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43075601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dean and Canons’ Houses of St George’s Chapel, Windsor. An Architectural History.","authors":"Nigel Saul","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2234744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2234744","url":null,"abstract":"Since the great fire in the late Queen’s annus horribilis of 1992, Windsor Castle has become the most thoroughly investigated royal residence in England. In the Upper Ward, where the fire started, the destruction of so much of Sir Jeffry Wyatville’s early-19th-century work in the state apartments made possible, for the first time, the systematic investigation of Edward III’s extensive rebuilding of 500 years earlier, which made Windsor the grandest royal residence of its day. In more recent times, since the ending of works in the Upper Ward, the spotlight has turned to its lower counterpart, where the need for urgent refurbishment of the canons’ cloister created the opportunity for comparable analysis of the accommodation of the canons and vicars attached to Edward’s new college of St George. For over a decade John Crook, the consultant archaeologist to the dean and canons, enjoyed unrivalled access to the buildings as plaster was stripped, roof tiles removed and floorboards pulled up; and it is the fruits of his meticulous recording which are the subject of this comprehensive and beautifully illustrated study, which offers significant revisions to Sir William St John Hope’s account in his monumental history of the castle over a century ago. The significance of the canons’ cloister can easily be overlooked when so much of the original 14th-century fabric has been overlain with later additions and accretions. Yet, this unassuming-looking block of buildings not only constitutes the earliest surviving timber-framed collegiate accommodation in England; remarkably, its construction is also documented in what is perhaps the fullest surviving set of medieval fabric accounts. The space occupied by the cloister is a small and awkwardly shaped one, squashed between the dean’s cloister and warden’s quarters immediately to the south, and the castle’s curtain wall to the north, resulting in a strangely elongated garth, much narrower north–south than east–west. Around this space are grouped dwellings which originally accommodated both canons and vicars, each house occupying a bay, and each one comprising two storeys with a single room upstairs and downstairs, with the upstairs room both rising to the roof and oversailing the cloister walkway. A useful cut-away artist’s reconstruction by Stephen Conlin (fig. 3.41) gives an idea of the dwellings’ likely appearance when completed. Among the most fascinating of the recent findings has been the clear evidence that in the first-floor room, which constituted the main living room of the house, fireplaces were provided, each with a wooden smoke hood above and a plaster-lined flue carrying the smoke up to the chimney. It had earlier been supposed that heating had been provided only by flues inserted into the stone walls immediately to the north and south. The use of such a fireplace in a timber-framed building obviously constituted a major incendiary hazard, but there is no evidence that any of","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45963923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treasure, Memory, Nature: Church Objects in the Middle Ages","authors":"L. Milner","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2234747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2234747","url":null,"abstract":"recent study has shown, by the packing between the rafters of straw daub, small patches of which have survived. Among the wealth of original fittings that have been uncovered are areas of tiled floor (the purchase of Penn tiles is documented in the accounts), plaster facing on the walls and, most remarkably of all, rich polychromatic decoration in at least a few rooms. In the house which occupied bay three, on one wall between the studs there were stylized trees on mounds, and on the wall opposite fictive studs to which were attached alternating paper quatrefoils and cinquefoils. Crook speculates that this may well be the earliest paper decoration in England and, perhaps, the earliest occurrence of paper put to any use at all. From an archaeological point of view, the most invaluable findings in the book are those relating to the 14th century. For the reader, however, one of the book’s major strengths is the way that it carries the story down to the present day. In the 15th century, as the author shows, overcrowding in the cloister was eased by the provision of completely new accommodation for the vicars further down the Lower Ward in the present-day Horseshoe Cloister, allowing the canons to double-up the houses and give themselves more space. With the arrival of married clergy in the 16th century, yet more space was needed again, and additions were made to the houses, either upwards through the construction of new floors, or even, in some cases, sideways, by punching out extensions into the cloister garth, producing the characteristic higgledy-piggledy appearance we appreciate today. As more information about the occupants becomes available from the 17th century, so the wealth of enjoyable anecdotage increases. We learn, for example, of Dr Keate, the headmaster of Eton— known as ‘Flogger Keate’ for having flogged no fewer than eighty of his pupils in one day—who, having constructed a watch-tower on the roof of his house, then needed also to construct a speaking-tube, to communicate with his servants four storeys below. In recent times the process of constant adaptation of the houses has continued, as the enlargements needed to accommodate large families have been replaced by sub-divisions to create flats for lay clerks, vergers and other staff. What Crook has given us here is a major work of record, an authoritative account of the canons’ cloister which will be the point of departure for all future discussions of the architectural history of the jumble of buildings to the north of St George’s Chapel. What is lacking, however, is any attempt to place the cloisters’ timber-framed construction in the wider context of developments in claustral architecture in the 14th century, or to assess the possible influence of the Windsor model on the numerous late 14th-century collegiate foundations that were to follow in its wake. The author’s exemplary study poses many questions for future research. It is to his credit, however, that he has given us a firm ","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48810275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arte y liturgia en los monasterios de dominicas en Castilla. Desde los orígenes hasta la reforma observante (1218–1506). By mercedes pérez vidal.","authors":"P. Díaz","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2234743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2234743","url":null,"abstract":"1. See also V. Ivanovici, G. Herea and A. I. Sullivan, ‘Space, Image, Light: Toward an Understanding of Moldavian Architecture in the Fifteenth Century’, Gesta, 60 (2021), 81–100, with useful diagrams and a more extensive bibliography. 2. S. C. McCluskey, ‘Analyzing Light-and-Shadow Interactions’, in Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy, ed. C. L. N. Ruggles (New York 2015), 434. 3. For this approach, see B. Pentcheva, ‘Glittering Eyes: Animation in the Byzantine Eik on and the Western Imago’, Codex Aqvilarensis, 32 (2016), 209–36.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45604422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bringing the Holy Land Home: The Crusades, Chertsey Abbey, and the Reconstruction of a Medieval Masterpiece","authors":"Meg Bernstein","doi":"10.1080/00681288.2023.2234742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00681288.2023.2234742","url":null,"abstract":"book, focus on effigial monuments of the 11th and early 12th centuries, organized according to the type of person commemorated. So, chapter 2 deals with monarchs (‘Rulers’), chapter 3 with secular aristocrats (‘Patrons’) and chapter 4 with religious women (‘Canonesses’). Each chapter focuses on detailed case studies of three or four monuments, often with one memorial foregrounded (Rudolph of Swabia, the Nellenburg effigies at Schaffhausen and the Quedlinburg abbesses) and the other examples used to elaborate, nuance or extend arguments first arising from its interpretation. Chapter 5 (‘Proliferation’) acts as a kind of epilogue, exploring the rising popularity of funerary effigies across western Europe in the second half of the 12th century. Although memorials from modern-day France, England and the Netherlands are discussed, the core examples that Fozi considers are from modern-day Germany and Switzerland. Romanesque Effigies is an important and innovative book that brings obscure memorials to light, as well as proposing persuasive new interpretations of betterknown effigies. It offers the first overarching history of Romanesque tomb sculpture, taking these monuments seriously on their own historical terms rather than collapsing them into broader teleological narratives, and paying close attention to the fine-grained details of their design and inscriptions. More broadly, Fozi presents an inspirational masterclass in navigating an issue that vexes almost every account of medieval art: how to deal with the gaps in the documentary and material record, especially the absence of any fixed coordinates regarding dating or patronage, without getting mired in the minutiae of these problems. Fozi manages to stay ever-alert to the unknowable, while, at the same time, not shying away from posing broader and more ambitious questions. In doing so, she reminds us of the power and primacy of the surviving object as historical witness.","PeriodicalId":42723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the British Archaeological Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42841764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}