Baltic Journal of European Studies最新文献_第6页

Cultural Leadership and Entrepreneurship As Antecedents of Estonia’s Singing Revolution and Post-Communist Success 文化领导力和企业家精神是爱沙尼亚歌唱革命和后共产主义成功的先决条件

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2018-0016

O. Nicoara

{"title":"Cultural Leadership and Entrepreneurship As Antecedents of Estonia’s Singing Revolution and Post-Communist Success","authors":"O. Nicoara","doi":"10.1515/bjes-2018-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2018-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Baltic people of Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia gained recognition with their successful use of a cultural tool, singing folkloric songs, to protest collectively against their common Soviet oppressor in the summer of 1988, preceding the collapse of the Soviet Union. Rational-choice theorists have argued that large rebellious movements are paradoxical because the larger the number of potential revolutionaries, the greater the leadership, participation, and coordination problems they face (Olson, 1971; Tullock, 1974). This paper investigates Estonia’s Singing Revolution and illustrates how ethnic Estonians used their shared cultural beliefs and singing traditions as a tacit, informal institutional solution to overcome the collective-action problems with organizing and participating in mass singing protests against the Soviet regime. The paper goes further to extend the standard rational-choice framework and to include a more dynamic, entrepreneurial-institutional perspective on socio-cultural change by accounting for the role of cultural leaders as cultural entrepreneurs, a subset of institutional entrepreneurs. The success of Estonia’s Singing Revolution can be ultimately attributed to leadership in the form of cultural entrepreneurship going back to pre-Soviet Estonian times. The revived legacy of ancient shared beliefs, folkloric practices, and singing tradition represented the necessary social capital for the Estonian people to voice collectively shared preferences for political and economic governance during a window of constitutional opportunity. Mikhail Gorbachev’s Glasnost, a policy aimed to improve Soviet formal institutions by fostering freedom of speech and political transparency, also provided a context propitious for the Singing Revolution because it lowered the perceived costs of participation in the rebellious singing and opened a window of opportunity for political change.","PeriodicalId":42700,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of European Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"65 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47387299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Digital Single Market as an Element in EU-Georgian Cooperation 数字单一市场是欧盟与格鲁吉亚合作的一个要素

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2018-0012

Archil Chochia, T. Kerikmäe

引用次数: 10

’National Belonging’ in Legal and Diplomatic Formulas: The Pole’s Card as a Legacy of Poland’s Colonial History 法律和外交公式中的“民族归属”:波兰殖民历史遗产中的波兰人牌

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2018-0017

Paweł Ładykowski

{"title":"’National Belonging’ in Legal and Diplomatic Formulas: The Pole’s Card as a Legacy of Poland’s Colonial History","authors":"Paweł Ładykowski","doi":"10.1515/bjes-2018-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2018-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article explores the sources of the idea of nation as it is encoded in the legislative framework of the Pole’s Card and its implications for the processes of identity-making taking place beyond the eastern borders of the Polish state. Given the problems with defining the role of the historical Polish diaspora in the East, the question of the conceptualization of national belonging is significant and has practical consequences at the macro-, meso- and micro-levels. The argument of the paper is twofold: (1) On the one hand, the document of the Pole’s Card reflects a specific inclusive—”cultural”— conception of the nation. In this conception, which is forged by the Polish policymakers, the conditions whereby the national belonging can be achieved are widely conceived. (2) On the other hand, the administrative decision-making process and the diplomatic practice of granting the Card prioritizes and executes the exclusive conception of the nation with its limited ethnic, religious (Roman Catholic) and linguistic background. This way, the document of the Pole’s Card becomes a legal device for establishing new social distinctions in societies of Poland’s eastern neighbours. By discussing this case on the ground, this paper hopes to demonstrate the ways in which the new creative notions of the nationhood are forged in Poland.","PeriodicalId":42700,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of European Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"120 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49152076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

.eu regulations under Brexit .英国脱欧后的欧盟法规

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2018-0018

Touko Johannes Sinisalo

引用次数: 0

Trends of International Energy Security Risk Index in European Countries 欧洲国家国际能源安全风险指数趋势

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2018-0002

O. Chernyak, G. Kharlamova, A. Stavytskyy

{"title":"Trends of International Energy Security Risk Index in European Countries","authors":"O. Chernyak, G. Kharlamova, A. Stavytskyy","doi":"10.1515/bjes-2018-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2018-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper deals with the analysis and forecasting of energy security risk index for eleven European countries (the United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway, France, Germany, Poland, Spain, Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, and Ukraine for the period 1992-2016). Nowadays, energy security plays an important role in guaranteeing the national, political and economic security of the country. A literature review of different approaches to defining energy security gave the possibility to consider the regression model of energy security risk index assessment, which takes into account the levels of economic, technical and technological, ecological, social and resource components. This step was proceeded with clusterization of the analysed countries in three groups according to Energy Security Risk Index. Based on this approach resource-mining countries (Denmark, Germany, Norway and the UK) were grouped in Cluster I, while Ukraine occupied the last Cluster III. The next division in five clusters supported the indicated allocation. Finally, we calculated the forecasts of energy security risk index based on data of 1992-2014. It allowed realizing the perspectives of energy market for the nearest future, particularly for Ukraine, which needs development of a new strategy of energy security","PeriodicalId":42700,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of European Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"32 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47212495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

EU Common Values in the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement: Anchor to Democracy? 欧盟-乌克兰联盟协议中的欧盟共同价值观：民主的锚？

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2018-0004

R. Petrov

引用次数: 5

Ukraine’s Endeavour: Drawing Near(er) to the European Union 乌克兰的努力：即将加入欧盟

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/BJES-2018-0001

T. Kerikmäe, Archil Chochia

{"title":"Ukraine’s Endeavour: Drawing Near(er) to the European Union","authors":"T. Kerikmäe, Archil Chochia","doi":"10.1515/BJES-2018-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/BJES-2018-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Establishing kinship between the EU and Ukraine has certainly been a long and winding road, as many controversial events have happened after 1994 when the European Union and Ukraine concluded the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement which was a first milestone for mutual interests. The year 2004 has often been described as a missed opportunity for Europe as there was a highest expectation for Ukraine becoming part of the club. Since then, the clear membership perspective has been even more unattainable due to the dramatic changes in the political regime in Kyiv, and the Russian military interventions since 2014. Ukraine is a hostage to the EU-Russian relations—and the level of constructive dialogue between Brussels and Moscow is the lowest it has ever been. In this situation, the patriots of the country have no choice but to trust their own intuition and keep building the civil society, fight with corruption and improve educational and entrepreneurial environment as much as it is possible. We will honour those who, despite setbacks in international and internal politics, tirelessly strive towards the better Ukraine, the largest county of the continent. Since the launching of the European Union’s Eastern Partnership Programme (EaP), Ukraine has been involved in intensive negotiations with the EU, concerning the country’s European aspirations.","PeriodicalId":42700,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of European Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44215727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using Patent Development, Education Policy and Research and Development Expenditure Policy to Understand Differences between Countries: The Case of Estonia and Finland 用专利发展、教育政策和研发支出政策来理解国家间的差异:以爱沙尼亚和芬兰为例

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2018-0008

P. Dutt, S. Ferraro, Archil Chochia, Ramona Muljar

引用次数: 1

Reforming Ukraine: Problems of Constitutional Regulation and Implementation of Human Rights 改革乌克兰：宪法规定和人权实施问题

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2018-0005

O. Petryshyn, O. Petryshyn

{"title":"Reforming Ukraine: Problems of Constitutional Regulation and Implementation of Human Rights","authors":"O. Petryshyn, O. Petryshyn","doi":"10.1515/bjes-2018-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2018-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article focuses on current problems of human rights constitutional provision, protection and implementation in Ukraine in the context of the reforms aimed at Eurointegration. The aim is to brief in the historical aspects of the development of ideas and concepts of human rights in Ukraine, focus on the human rights provision of the active Constitution projected through the ongoing reforms and to expose the correlation between the rights enshrined and their actual implementation. The existing and possible future problems related to the regulation and realization of human rights in Ukraine’s reform process are considered. The article reflects the problem of the value approach to human rights, which is directly related to the low level of legal culture and the insufficient level of development of civil society Ukraine. The work also analyses the amendments that have been made to the Constitution since the independence. While presenting the latest developments and drafts regarding the addressed issues, we try to look deeper into the problem, far beyond the formal and procedural concerns, addressing social and cultural barriers in understanding the importance and necessity of the problems under consideration not only by the leadership of the state but also by ordinary Ukrainians.","PeriodicalId":42700,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of European Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"63 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42904670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Agent–Principal Dilemma and the EU Chemical Management 代理-委托人困境与欧盟化学品管理

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2018-0009

Ondřej Filipec

引用次数: 0