Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies最新文献

{"title":"History of the Family and Native Place in the Projection of the Life Path of a Professional Folklorist and Ethnographer","authors":"I. Razumova","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2021-2-155-169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2021-2-155-169","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to determine the value of works like the book Pomni korni svoi (“Remember your roots”) by the Karelian folklorist A.S. Stepanova about the history of her native village for humanitarian research and for the dissemination of historical and ethnographic knowledge. Stepanova’s book is examined in the context of problems concerning the possibilities and ways of reconciling academic and personal everyday knowledge in the situation when a humanities scholar is acting as a first-hand historian or as an ordinary life writer. While Stepanova’s scholarly works on Karelian lamentations are internationally known, the book in question was published both in Russian and Karelian and is addressed to her direct descendants. It is about the North Karelian village of Shombozero, which no longer exists. Most of its inhabitants were related by kinship. The narrative is based on the author's memoirs and autobiography. The book includes the results of genealogical reconstruction, documentary information about the history of the settlement, oral history materials, and the demographic history of households in the late 19th — first half of the 20th centuries. It describes the topography of the area, ways of communication and means of transportation, the traditional household, and economic and everyday life of the Karelians in the 1930s–1950s. The history of the place and the everyday life of its inhabitants are presented in the projection of the formation and life path of a professional philologist and teacher. The author of the book describes and reflects on the activities of rural “national” boarding schools in the 1930s–1940s, teachers and students, life stories of various immigrants from local peasant families, the daily life of university students in the 1950s, twists and turns in the life of her family, the process of becoming a scholar, and episodes from the history of the study of Karelian folklore. As a result, the book notably exceeds its objective to preserve family memory. It is a valuable source for the study of ethnography, ethno-social and ethno-linguistic processes, the circulation of folklore, social history of families and other areas of humanitarian and social studies. It conveys both local and general historical knowledge and can be used by specialists as a professional description of the life of the settler and family-related communities during changes due to chrisis.","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130978688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Avraamievskaya Sedmitsa” (September 19, 2020, Smolensk)","authors":"L. V. Pavlova, I. Romanova","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2020-3-192-201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2020-3-192-201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127237642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“You Are Living so Finely in the Past…” (S. P. Shevyrev’s Poetic Letter to I. D. Belyaev, 1844–1845)","authors":"S. Berezkina","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2021-1-105-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2021-1-105-118","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a publication and an analysis of the text of the poetic letter that S. P. Shevyrev dedicated to I. D. Belyaev, a young historian who began his academic career in the journal “Moskvityanin” in the early 1840s. The letter was a response to Belyaev’s review of the book by P. M. Stroev, “Excursions of the Lords, Tsars, and Grand Dukes Mikhail Fyodorovich, Alexei Mikhailovich and Fyodor Alekseevich, Autocrats of All Rus”, published in 1844. Belyaev’s disapproval of the book was due to his disagreement on methodological issues. The article examines Belyaev’s works published in the \"Moskvityanin” in 1842–1845, as well as his relations with M. P. Pogodin and S. P. Shevyrev. The poetic letter portrays a scholar immersed in academic research. This image anticipates the later memoirists’ accounts of him as an “ascetic scholar”.","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123029894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The “Spirit of Kerzhenets” at the Marx–Engels Institute","authors":"G. Nivat","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2020-4-85-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2020-4-85-92","url":null,"abstract":"This work was meant to be presented as a paper at the scholarly and cultural forum “Avvakumovskie Chteniia” at the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (September 28–30, 2020). The study is dedicated to the outstanding French Slavic scholar Pierre Pascal. The main objective of the article is to show how P. Pascal realized the need to study the Live of Archpriest Avvakum and the early history of the Old Believer Schism. The article also demonstrates the peculiarity of Pascal’s research approach and examines the problem of finding the correct artistic language for the French translation of the Life of Avvakum.","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128182789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russian Fairy Tales from Karelia in the Context of the Russian Fairy-Tale Tradition: the Case of the Plot Type 709, the Magic Mirror (Dead Princess)","authors":"Varvara E. Dobrovol’skaya","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2020-2-27-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2020-2-27-47","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115142904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russian Ritual Specialists in Karelia","authors":"Natalia E. Mazalova","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2021-2-60-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2021-2-60-74","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with archaic ideas associated with Russian ritual specialists (sorcerers) in Karelia, their initiation, and the sources of their sacred knowledge and power. The author identifies the following signs of different types of “the knowledgeable”: strength, knowledge, the ability to enter altered states of consciousness, as well as to find a source of strength. Particular attention is paid to the specific means that neophytes employed to obtain sacred knowledge — through the teacher’s saliva and urine. Features of the everyday life of Russian ritual specialists in Karelia are also analyzed. It is believed that the main function of sorcerers is to perform maleficium (porcha). The sorcerer causes harm through a mediator who takes possession of a victim and “steals” her vital force, after which the victim becomes weak and dies. In the Russian tradition in Karelia, notions about wedding maleficium persisted throughout the twentieth century, and the study shows that many of its elements go back to archaic rites of passage that were rethought in the 19th and 20th centuries. The wedding is perceived as the symbolic “temporary death” of a person in one status — as an unmarried young fellow or an unmarried girl — and the “birth” of a person in a different status — as a married man or a married woman. The author argues that actions performed by a sorcerer at a wedding, while perceived as harmful to the young couple, are aimed at “introducing” the bride and groom into the state of “temporary death”. Since the “secret knowledge” of the healer is primarily based on the knowledge of incantations (zagovor), the article analyzes the process of passage and circulation of magical incantations in Karelia. The author concludes that the Russian sorcerer of Karelia is a complex figure. On the one hand, the image of the sorcerer retains the archaic features of the demiurge, who, during the wedding ceremony, creates new members of society — a young couple, capable of procreation. The sorcerer also controls the behavior of members of society. On the other hand, his image contains the features of a trickster, who “overturns” the foundations of the world, thus ushering its renewal. The functioning of the “secret knowledge” of the healer is aimed at restoring order out of chaos, restoring the integrity of the body, which the sorcerer has violated by “sending” sickness to a person. The mythological features of the image of the healer who heals at the cost of his own health, often through adoption of sickness from the patient, can be compared with the features of heroes-demiurges who sacrifice themselves.","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129130034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“In the Square in Liverpool, Dressed in Tailored Suits”: The Beatles in Russian Urban Folklore","authors":"Aleksandr A. Chuvjurov","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2021-1-158-188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2021-1-158-188","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines texts of several genres of urban folklore the content of which is related to the Beatles. These texts are remakes of lyrics (“Michelle”, “Back in the U.S.S.R”), jokes, and various kinds of fictional narratives, like funny stories about writing particular songs and about some events from the life of the band members. Some jokes about the Beatles involve popular characters of Soviet jokes (anekdot) — Vasilii Ivanovich (Chapaev) and his batman Pet’ka. The song “Can’t Buy Me Love” was also rendered in a folkloric manner (“In the Square in Liverpool…”). Variations of this song were widespread among rock music fans in the USSR in the 1970s. Today, modern communication modes, like the Internet and social networks, are instrumental in the revival of these folklore (post-folklore) texts.","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131257512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“It Was All So Recent…”. The Poem “To Russia” by Vladimir Gippius","authors":"V. Bystrov","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2020-3-180-191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2020-3-180-191","url":null,"abstract":"The author presents an analysis of Vladimir Gippius’s poem “To Russia” (in the manuscript of the first redaction of the unpublished collection “Eclipses of Stars”, the poem has the title The Lay of Igor’s Campaign). The poem was written at the beginning of World War I, presumably in the autumn of 1914. The text is reproduced from the publication in the collection War in Russian Poetry (1915). The analysis involves materials of a lecture on The Lay of Igor’s Campaign that Vladimir Gippius gave to his students at the Tenishev School. The poem is an artistic interpretation of the ancient text with free paraphrasing of some fragments. The poem contains a considerable number of references to its source and echoes of it. Gippius’s poem is compared with translations of other poets (V. A. Zhukovsky, L. A. Mei, A. N. Maykov). Special attention is paid to the original images and metaphors of Gippius’s text. For example, in other renderings there is no such expression as “the clear Don” (in the original: “the blue Don”). In Gippius’s poem, an eclipse of the sun is a good sign that opens rather than block Igor’s path, and foxes do not “bark” but “sing”. Gippius’s text also echoes poems from the cycle “On the Field of Kulikovo” by Alexander Blok. A short discussion of Gippius’s unpubliched poem “What is the noise of military weapons to me?” completes the analysis. In the first redaction of the collection “Eclipses of Stars”, this poem immediately follows The Lay of Igor’s Campaign and is latently associated with it. This poem was also written in the autumn of 1914.","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"64 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114010421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Memory of the Field Researcher Konstantin Kuzmich Loginov","authors":"Olga M. Fishman","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2021-2-41-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2021-2-41-59","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the field work of the renowned ethnographer Konstantin Kuzmich Loginov (1952–2020), an expert in ethno-local history and the culture of Karelia, the Russian North and, in particular, the Zaonezhye Region. The contents of Loginov’s voluminous monographs and articles allow us to identify his strategy in field communications and his relations with specific informants. Loginov’s position inside the ethnic community under research was complex: he was simultaneously a collector, interpreter, supporter, and custodian of the fading collective memory peculiar to a certain ethnic community of the Russian North and Karelia. Loginov’s research prioritized the study of local groups of Russians and partly of Karelians and their leaders. From this point of view, the article considers materials collected by Loginov during two field seasons, which took place in 2011 and 2012, when he conducted a series of in-depth interviews with N. V. Likhacheva (1916–2016), a representative of the elder generations of one of the local groups of the Tver Karelians — Vesiegonskie. The results of those in-depth interviews were the recordings of autobiographical narratives that reveal the informant’s evaluation of her personal life, show her religious views, their depth and peculiar properties, as well as her reading experience and knowledge of local folk traditions. These aspects constitute the worldview of the bearer of the traditional culture in the second half of the 20th — early 21st century.","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122362906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Konstantin Kuzmich Loginov: The Milestones of the Ethnographer’s Life","authors":"I. Vinokurova","doi":"10.31860/2712-7591-2021-2-9-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2021-2-9-22","url":null,"abstract":"This article is dedicated to the memory of Konstantin Kuzmich Loginov (1952–2020), a first-rate professional ethnographer, who worked at the Institute of Linguistics, Literature and History of the Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The article presents a biographical study of the most important stages of the researcher’s life and an analysis of his scholarly activities. Loginov is known as the foremost scholar of the ethnic history and the traditional culture of the Russian population of Karelia and of the features of its ethno-local groups. He is the author of about 185 research articles in which he applied descriptive and comparative-historical methods to the rich field material that he himself collected. Loginov’s most significant works are the five books (including one co-authored) devoted to the study of the Russian population of the north shore of Lake Onega (Zaonezhye) and territories around Lake Vodlozero (Vodlozerye). He is also the author of chapters in seven major collective scholarly works, including books about the Karelian settlements of Suisar, Yukkoguba, and Syamozero. The last work of this kind was the book The Peoples of Karelia. Historical and Ethnographic Essays. Loginov also devoted much time and effort to such scholarly activities as expeditions, presentations at conferences, popularization of ethnographic knowledge, and teaching.","PeriodicalId":426957,"journal":{"name":"Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies","volume":"17 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125788379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}