{"title":"Phase Change Materials in a Domestic Solar Hot Water Storage Tank of the Lebanese Market","authors":"Omar Beih, S. A. Chakra","doi":"10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597796","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of some kinds of renewable energy resources is un-continuous, for example the solar collectors can only produce heat when the sun is shining. Thermal Energy Storage (TES) is crucial to match between the intermittent solar heat supply and the heat demand. In this paper, a Phase Change Material (PCM) is integrated in the Domestic Solar Hot Water Storage Tank (DSHWST) as a Latent Heat Storage (LHT). Based on the application requirements in Lebanon, a suitable PCM is selected. While this PCM solidifies, it releases its heat and keeps the water inside the DSHWST warmer than 55 °C along 10 hours. The needed mass of PCM was calculated and two types of containers were investigated: the tubes and the spheres. As well as, the comparison between DSHWST integrated with PCM (DSHWST-PCM) and the Conventional Domestic Solar Hot Water Storage Tank (CDSHWST) is introduced, in order to examine the performance of PCM heating against that with an Electrical Resistance (ER). Features are expressed in terms of system payback and CO2 emission. Due to the issue of electrical power availability in Lebanon, the PCM integrated in The DSHWST has the following two advantages: yearly, reducing the primary electricity power by about 6.5 MWh and get rid of about 5.5 tons of CO2.","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115654776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. El‐Bayeh, I. Mougharbel, M. Saad, A. Chandra, D. Asber, S. Lefebvre
{"title":"Impact of Considering Variable Battery Power Profile of Electric Vehicles on the Distribution Network","authors":"C. El‐Bayeh, I. Mougharbel, M. Saad, A. Chandra, D. Asber, S. Lefebvre","doi":"10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597742","url":null,"abstract":"In the literature, many papers consider a constant value of the battery power profile while charging Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs). In fact, the battery power profile is not constant; it varies depending on the energy present in the battery. When the State Of Charge of the battery is low, the charging power profile has the highest value. It starts to decline when the battery is approaching its full energy capacity. The consideration of a constant battery power profile may create inaccuracy in the optimization results and lead to eventual instability on the distribution network. Therefore, in this paper, we are going to study the impact of considering or not considering the variable battery power profile on the distribution network and on the end-user financial profits. Simulations are done with OpenDSS and MATLAB using IEEE 13 distribution test feeder.","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123589657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of a Solar Photovoltaic Micro Grid for Electricity and Desalinated Water Production","authors":"Adnan Zein, Chayban Ghabech, S. Karaki","doi":"10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597815","url":null,"abstract":"The sizing and operation of a renewable energy system to produce electricity and desalinated water for a self-sustained (isolated) community is presented and discussed in this paper. It is carried out using an algorithm based on ordinal optimization (OO) for sizing and dynamic programming (DP) for operation. DP is used to simulate and find the optimal operation strategy of the system for a given set of different system components’ sizes and loads. OO is an efficient method to search the design space and assess alternative designs and rank them initially using a simple model. The top-S designs are then identified and re-assessed using an accurate model to obtain a set of \"good enough\" solutions from which the best, with a given alignment probability, is identified. A system composed of a photo-voltaic (PV) generator, a battery storage system, a diesel generator, and a reverse osmosis system is proposed. Solar power being intermittent, a variable operation of the reverse osmosis system, in conjunction with a water storage tank, is proposed as a flexible load that can lead to higher energy efficiencies. Modeling of the power components is presented and the design results for different component prices and fuel costs are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127160214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Beirut Solar Map","authors":"Sara Najem","doi":"10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597957","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we used the Solar Analyst of ArcGIS to estimate Beirut’s potential solar power gains from the installation of photovoltaic panels (PV). The simulation used buildings’ elevations together with the city’s topography combined with the weather data to produce the yearlong citywide irradiation map. Simultaneously, we built a maximum likelihood model to predict the increase in energy consumption and in the number of users. Subsequently we estimated the average total yearly savings and the number of subscribers who would benefit from solar power. The results are then presented in an interactive map showing the irradiation data for each and every building in Beirut. This map is available for the public and will serve as a decision support system for buildings’ residents as well as policymakers.","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130679140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rayan Mourtada, A. Jouni, Doha Assaf, Fatima Al-Hajj, Sarah Shalhoub
{"title":"Green Residential Village in Bekaa - Lebanon: Design and Certification Processes","authors":"Rayan Mourtada, A. Jouni, Doha Assaf, Fatima Al-Hajj, Sarah Shalhoub","doi":"10.1109/REDEC.2018.8598026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REDEC.2018.8598026","url":null,"abstract":"ECOTECH Engineering is intending to construct a green village at Haouch Tal Safyat, Bekaa, Lebanon. This site was chosen due to several reasons including its distinctive location in the heart of Bekaa valley, which is special for its climate and affordable land. The project started with the preparation of the site to match the green requirements. This village called \"Heliopolis Compound\" contains 40 residential villas for the first stage. This paper completely covers the green design and certification of the residential villas. Each villa was perfectly designed to meet the GRASS green building rating system and thus getting the GRASS certification, validating that the design is highly successful and feasible. Meeting the level 1 \"Emerald\" of GRASS yielded an estimated over cost of 10% and the payback period of all improvements varies from 2 to 8 years depending on technology choices. Designing this compound was the first step in the long journey of green thinking in residential sector in Lebanon, and we hope it will be the bedrock of upcoming ideas concerning the green path we intended to follow.","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125594175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Copyright notice]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/redec.2018.8597724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/redec.2018.8597724","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128921693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infrared Thermography for Assessing Thermal Bridges and Humidity in Lebanese Building Components","authors":"B. Nehme, J. Jelwan, Roy Youssef, B. Zeghondy","doi":"10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597892","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examine the thermal bridges and humidity in building components. Thermal performance of the building envelope is assessed using an infrared thermography technique. The objective of this test is to identify and qualify the flaws which might occurs during the construction period and the imperfections of the finishing materials used in Lebanon. Experimental results and numerical simulations have been performed using a building located in Jran-Batroun north Lebanon.","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"79 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115677562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. El-Jamal, C. Maatouk, M. Ghandour, A. Mourtada, Dr. Fouad Kaddah
{"title":"Energy efficiency in dairy production, Elaboration of energy consumption rating, Lebanese case study","authors":"G. El-Jamal, C. Maatouk, M. Ghandour, A. Mourtada, Dr. Fouad Kaddah","doi":"10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REDEC.2018.8597633","url":null,"abstract":"in industry sector the application of energy efficiency is a main tool to save energy and to reduce the using of petroleum products. The development of rating of energy consumption for a process will reshape the outlook of the sector. The energy consumption profile of an industry process is considered to be an energy footprint and a main axis in its life The aim of this paper is to develop energy efficiency procedures to reduce the actual energy consumption in dairy product also to elaborate an energy consumption rating scale in industry sector in order to rank energy used in process","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125050047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mixed-Integer Optimization for Volt/VAr Control in Radial Networks","authors":"M. Knaiber, R. Jabr","doi":"10.1109/REDEC.2018.8598089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REDEC.2018.8598089","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increase in load demand and capacity of distributed generation, radial distribution systems are exposed to voltage violation problems. Volt/VAr control (VVC) has a primary objective of removing voltage violations, and a secondary objective of minimizing the real power loss. Volt/VAr control operates on capacitor switches, transformer taps, and the reactive power set-points of distributed generation. In this paper, the VVC problem is solved using mixed-integer conic programming to establish a globally optimal benchmark. To improve computational performance, a discrete coordinate-descent algorithm is employed, starting from a solution to the continuous relaxation of the VVC mixed-integer conic program. Numerical results are reported on radial distribution networks with up to 3146 nodes. The results reveal that the discrete coordinate-descent algorithm, when initialized by solving a continuous conic program, can give solutions that are very close to the global optimum; these solutions are obtained within a very reasonable computing time and are superior to initiating the search from the current operating point.","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116760165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guy Salame, Elio Frem, Elias Albona, Charbel Bou-Mosleh, P. Rahme
{"title":"A Point-Absorber-Based Wave Energy Converter for Power Production in Lebanon : Renewable Energy","authors":"Guy Salame, Elio Frem, Elias Albona, Charbel Bou-Mosleh, P. Rahme","doi":"10.1109/REDEC.2018.8598003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REDEC.2018.8598003","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, renewable energy systems have become a necessity especially in developing countries, due to global warming which is caused by the continuous burning of fossil fuels to provide energy. In this work, the potential of harvesting wave energy to produce electrical power on the Lebanese shore is investigated. As such, a compact wave-harvesting device was built. This device is based on a point absorber, which uses the heaving motion of the waves to pump sea water to a storage tank located at a reasonably higher elevation. The water will then flow due to gravity to a lower level where it will be used to operate a hydroelectric turbine and consequently produce electricity. The different components of the system as well as the operation process are detailed. A prototype was built and successfully tested near shore for ordinary weather conditions. The test results will be summarized along with the potential improvements that can be applied to the system.","PeriodicalId":426643,"journal":{"name":"2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127682500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}