Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Parental Stress Scale in Swedish Parents of Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Conditions.","authors":"Therese Lindström, Tiina Holmberg Bergman, Mathilde Annerstedt, Martin Forster, Sven Bölte, Tatja Hirvikoski","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parents of children with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDC) are at risk of experiencing elevated levels of parental stress. Access to robust instruments to assess parental stress is important in both clinical and research contexts. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Parental Stress Scale (PSS), completed by parents of 3- to 17-year-old children, with and without NDCs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Main analyses were conducted on data from three independent samples: a community sample (<i>n</i>=1018), a treatment-seeking sample of parents of children with various disabilities (<i>n</i>=653), and a sample of parents of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) who themselves reported varying ADHD symptom severities (<i>n</i>=562). Additional analyses were enabled by the use of data from a complementary test-retest sample (<i>n</i>=337).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The internal consistency of the PSS was good (Cronbach's alpha, <i>α</i>=.87) and its test-retest reliability moderate (ICC=.66). The scale correlated in the expected direction with related constructs (<i>r=</i>.50-.56 in the community sample). An exploratory factor analysis found its internal structure to reflect two aspects of parental stress: Lack of Parental Rewards and Role Satisfaction (factor 1, <i>α</i>=.90) and Parental Stressors and Distress (factor 2, <i>α</i>=.85). The treatment-seeking parents of children with disabilities reported higher parental stress than community reference parents (<i>p</i><.001; Cohen's <i>d</i>=1.17). Moreover, we found that parents with high ADHD symptom severity reported higher parental stress than parents with low ADHD symptom severity (<i>p</i><.001; <i>d</i>=0.39).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, we found evidence in support of the reliability and validity of the PSS, which overall was judged to be useful as a measure of parental stress in a Swedish context. In addition, our results underline the importance of considering parental stress and related needs in assessments and intervention planning involving families of children with NDCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"10-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11027036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Did Stress Prevalence Among Adolescents in Scandinavia Change from 2000 to 2019? A literature review.","authors":"Tarjei Koren Flægstad, Mimmi Åström, Serena Baudocco, Gitta Wörtwein","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prolonged stress is a risk factor for developing mental illness and stress-related diseases. As there has been an increase in self-reported psychological symptoms and diagnosis of mental illness among Scandinavian adolescents, more knowledge of stress prevalence in this age group is needed.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This literature review will investigate a possible increase in stress prevalence among Scandinavian adolescents, aged 13-18, between the years 2000 and 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases. In addition, a grey literature search was conducted to find relevant surveys and reports. Altogether, nine papers and nine surveys, and reports containing relevant data were identified, assessed for risk of bias, and included in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show higher stress scores among the older participants in the age group 13-18 years and a gender difference, where girls score higher than boys. The literature neither supports nor rejects the hypothesis that stress levels have increased among adolescents in Scandinavia, from year 2000 to 2019. Only two of the included studies used a validated stress questionnaire and there was a substantial risk of non-response bias. Therefore, the existing literature is considered insufficient to determine if there has been an increase in stress over time. A majority of the papers, surveys, and reports had moderate risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further research using validated stress questionnaires in representative populations is needed to investigate changes in stress prevalence among Scandinavian adolescents. Also, the age and gender difference in stress prevalence among 13-18-year-olds may be of relevance for planning preventive interventions to reduce stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"150-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10757740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139075414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eleven years with Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology.","authors":"Ole Jakob Storebø, Sven Bölte","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"163-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10757741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139075415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Violence against Children with Disabilities: A Danish National Birth Cohort Prospective Study.","authors":"Ask Elklit, Siobhan Murphy, Christian Skovgaard, Mette Lausten","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with disabilities are at heightened risk of sexual violence compared to non-disabled peers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to examine the associations between ten childhood disabilities and sexual victimization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from the Danish Psychiatric Case Register, the Criminal Register, and other population-based registers. Children born between 1994 and 2001 (n=570,351) were followed until 18 years of age. Using logistic regression, the association between the disabilities and risk of sexual victimisation was estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 8,860 cases of sexual victimization towards children and adolescents. In the fully adjusted models, children with a diagnosis of ADHD, speech disability and intellectual disability were at highest risk of sexual victimization. Children with comorbid disabilities were particularly vulnerable to sexual victimization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found that children with certain types of disability have a higher risk of sexual victimization. Our findings indicate that educational institutions and health care professionals should be aware of and have specialized training in, recognizing and assessing sexual victimization among children with disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"143-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10724881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compassion in three perspectives: Associations with depression and suicidal ideation in a clinical adolescent sample.","authors":"Emmy Jonsson, Inga Dennhag","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescence is a critical period for mental development where the consequences of psychopathologies can be exceedingly harmful, and compassion has been identified as a protective factor for adolescents' mental well-being.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore three perspectives of compassion - Self-compassion, Compassion for others, and Compassion from others - and their relationship with depression and suicidal ideation in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This Swedish cross-sectional study included 259 psychiatric patients (ages 16-22). Participants completed a survey including the self-assessment scales \"Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale - Second Edition\" (RADS-2), \"Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire - Junior Version\" (SIQ-JR), and \"Compassion Engagement and Action Scale - Youth\" (CEAS-Y). Linear regression analyses were used to determine whether participants' levels of compassion predicted depression and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Self-compassion and Compassion from others significantly predicted both depression and suicidal ideation. Girls, on average, reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation and lower levels of self-compassion compared to boys. The correlation between compassion and depressive symptoms, however, appeared to be stronger in boys. There was also a positive correlation between Compassion for others and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that Self-compassion and Compassion from others may have a significant protective effect against depression and suicidal ideation, especially in boys. However, due to the relatively small sample of boys (n = 40), further research is needed before any solid conclusion can be drawn regarding possible gender differences. Additionally, the combination of low Self-compassion and higher levels of Compassion for others may be associated with suicidal ideation.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"120-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10701859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of a Modified-Release Dexamphetamine Sulfate Formulation Following Single and Multiple Dosing in Healthy Adults: Comparative Bioavailability with Immediate-Release Dexamphetamine Sulfate, between Strengths, Assessment of Food and Meal Composition Effects.","authors":"Henrik Uebel-von Sandersleben, Anke Mayer, Michaela Ruhmann, Oliver Dangel, Helmut Schütz","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0014","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A modified-release dexamphetamine sulfate formulation (DEX-MR) is under development for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the bioequivalence of once-daily DEX-MR to twice-daily immediate-release dexamphetamine sulfate (DEX-IR) after single and multiple dosing and between strengths, and effects of food and meal types.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three randomized, open-label, crossover studies in healthy males were conducted. In the single-dose study, participants received DEX-MR 20 mg, DEX-MR 10 mg (20 mg dose), and twice-daily DEX-IR 10 mg under fasted conditions and after a high-fat, high-calorie breakfast. In the breakfast study, participants received DEX-MR 20 mg and twice-daily DEX-IR 10 mg after a normocaloric and a high-fat, high-calorie breakfast. In the multiple-dose study, participants received DEX-MR 20 mg and twice-daily DEX-IR 10 mg for seven days each. In the run-in period (five days), participants consumed a normocaloric breakfast; on profile days, participants consumed a normocaloric breakfast (day 6) or a high-fat, high-calorie breakfast (day 7).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Once-daily DEX-MR at a dose of 20 mg was bioequivalent to twice-daily DEX-IR 10 mg after single dosing under fasted and fed conditions and after multiple dosing under fed conditions. DEX-MR 10 mg and DEX-MR 20 mg were bioequivalent when administered as a single 20 mg dose. Food slightly reduced the rate and extent of absorption of DEX-MR and delayed the time to peak plasma concentration (<i>t</i>_max) by approximately two hours compared to the fasted state. Bioavailability of DEX-MR was comparable under different meal conditions (normocaloric vs. high-fat, high-calorie breakfast) both after single and multiple dosing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bioequivalence of once-daily DEX-MR and twice-daily DEX-IR was established. 1×2 DEX-MR 10 mg was bioequivalent to 1×1 DEX-MR 20 mg. DEX-MR should be administered with/after a meal to achieve the targeted pharmacokinetic profile (delayed <i>t</i>_max). Bioavailability of DEX-MR is not affected by meal composition (i.e., fat and caloric content).</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"132-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10687392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attachment Insecurity or Disorder: A dichotomy worth revising?","authors":"Pernille Darling, Warren Ponder","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"128-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10686046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review of Environmental and Psychosocial Risk Factors associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder in Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Rasha Elbagir, Mohd Faisal, Susan O'Hanharan","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the majority of cases, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is accompanied by one or more comorbid disorders, with the oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) being one of the most frequently diagnosed comorbid disorders. There is a lack of systematic reviews addressing the evidence for an association between the independent environmental and psychosocial risk factors associated with ADHD, ODD, and Conduct Disorder (CD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine the link between ADHD and ODD/CD, specifically in terms of the most up-to-date environmental and psychosocial risk factors in the development of these illnesses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies were included in this systematic review. Among these, ten studies involved environmental risk factors, and only one involved socioeconomic risk factors as exposure. Of the ten studies highlighting the environmental risk factors, six studies reported perinatal risk factors, three reported Atopic diseases as exposure measures, and one involved exposure to energy and coffee drinks. We have found that the most common risk factors associated with ADHD, ODD and CD in Europe and North America were Perinatal risk factors. In contrast, the risk factors of Atopic diseases were more common in Asia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most of the studies included in our systematic review fall within the scope of environmental risk factors were perinatal risk factors and atopic diseases are the most common risk factors. However, only one article highlighted the association of socioeconomic risk factors as an exposure. Our review results suggest the need for more research focused on psychosocial risk factors for ADHD and comorbid ODD/CD. Further research is required with the primary objective of investigating this association in greater depth and examining the possible mechanisms at varying levels is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"108-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e8/e6/sjcapp-11-1-sjcapp-2023-0011.PMC10450252.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10165038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Observing Mediational Interactions (OMI) coding system during mother-adolescent conflict discussions.","authors":"Sophie Kerr, Madeleine Allman, Cilly Shohet, Stephanie Stepp, Carla Sharp","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observational assessments of parent-adolescent conflict can guide interventions to prevent and reduce conflict and mental health problems. The authors identified the Observing Mediational Interactions (OMI) as a particularly useful coding system for examining parent-adolescent conflict. The OMI is the observational measure used in the Mediational Intervention for Sensitizing Caregivers (MISC) and quantifies emotional (attachment-based) and cognitive (learning-based) behaviors during caregiver-child interactions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The overall aim of the current study was to tailor and evaluate the OMI specifically for observing conflict interactions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Conflict discussions between 56 clinical youth aged 10-15 years and their mothers were coded using the OMI. Reliability, construct validity, and associations with affect following the conflict discussion were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses revealed that the OMI demonstrated adequate internal consistency, interrater reliability, and construct validity in terms of associations with an alternate observational measure and parent-reported family functioning and stress. Additionally, mothers who engaged in fewer negative parenting behaviors reported greater positive affect following the conflict discussion, controlling for baseline affect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, findings support the use of the OMI in future studies. While further research should attempt to extend findings to other populations and settings and elaborate the coding instructions as needed, researchers can use the OMI to inform ongoing adaptations of MISC and identify targets for prevention and intervention more broadly.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"95-107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/13/50/sjcapp-11-1-sjcapp-2023-0010.PMC10434825.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10157206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of sexual abuse on female adolescent brain structures.","authors":"Melek Hande Bulut Demir, Rahime Kaya, Ozgun Ozalay, Damla Isman Haznedaroglu, Yigit Erdogan, Omer Kitis, Tezan Bildik, Ali Saffet Gonul, Mehmet Cagdas Eker","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sexual abuse (SA) is known for its effects on brain structures in adolescents. We aimed to explore if SA has any effect on limbic and prefrontal cortex (PFC) structures. We hypothesized that children with SA would have a thinner PFC with larger amygdala and hippocampus that lead to aberrations in threat detection, orientation and response circuit; that would be highly adaptive in a dangerous environment in the short term.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We included 57 SA and 33 healthy control (HC) female participants. In addition to psychiatric evaluation, we acquired 3 T MR images from all participants. We compared prefrontal cortical thicknesses, hippocampus and amygdala volumes between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age and education levels of study groups were matched, however, IQ scores and socioeconomic status (SES) scores of the SA group were lower than the controls. Total CTQ scores of the SA group were higher than the HC. Nevertheless, the mean value of sexual abuse scores was above the cut-off scores only for the SA participants. SA participants had larger right and left hippocampus and right amygdala volumes than the controls. SA group had reduced inferior frontal gyrus cortical thickness (T=3.5, p<0.01, cluster size=694 mm2, x=51 y=-30 z=6) than HC group. None of the structural findings were correlated with total or sexual abuse CTQ scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with SA history has structural abnormalities in threat detection, orientation and response circuit. SA victims with no psychiatric diagnosis have a high probability of psychiatric problems with a possible contribution of these aberrations. SA cases that do not have a diagnosis must not be overlooked as they may have structural changes in emotion related brain regions. Careful follow-up is needed for all of all SA cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0b/12/sjcapp-11-1-sjcapp-2023-0009.PMC10561073.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41215417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}