Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Adaptation and Feasibility of KONTAKT™ Social Skills Toolbox Group Program for Australian Autistic Children.","authors":"Bahareh Afsharnejad, Elinda Ai Lim Lee, Maya Hayden-Evans, Melissa H Black, Tasha Alach, Anna Fridell, Christina Coco, Mathew Johnson, Sven Bölte, Sonya Girdler","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although autistic individuals are interested in interacting with peers, they express a need for social skills programs that could support them in navigating their daily social world, which is governed by neurotypical social norms.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigated the feasibility and adaptability of the manualised and evidence-based program KONTAKT™ Social Skills Toolbox Group Program in supporting autistic children aged 8 to 12 years in navigating their everyday social worlds.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>KONTAKT™ was delivered to 15 autistic children (Mage=10.87, SDage=1.04; 67% male) over 16, 60-minute sessions. A pre-test and post-test design was employed evaluating changes in personally meaningful social goals, social skills, quality of friendship and autistic traits. Focus groups were also conducted and analysed using thematic analysis post completion of the program, exploring participants, their parents and the KONTAKT™ trainer's perceptions of the program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings suggest stakeholders' satisfaction with the program's content and structure, indicating the potential cross-age feasibility of KONTAKT™ in supporting autistic children to achieve their personally meaningful social goals and in improving their social performance navigating their daily social lives.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and significance: </strong>This feasibility study supported the finalisation of KONTAKT™ children's manual and workbooks, preparing it for further evaluation of its efficacy in a randomised controlled trial. (Australian New Zealand Clinical Registry: 12619000994189; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04024111).</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"20240011"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11622807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory white noise in clinical ADHD: Who benefits from noise, and who performs worse?","authors":"Göran B W Söderlund, Nouchine Hadjikhani, Max Thorsson, Sara E-Said, Emma Claesdotter-Knutsson, Peik Gustafsson, Jakob Åsberg Johnels","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0010","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Experimental research has shown the benefits of auditory white noise on cognitive performance in children with attention problems. However, little is currently known about individual differences in noise response amongst children with a clinical diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In addition, no research has so far tested the effects of visual white noise on children with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present work aimed at testing the effect of visual and auditory white noise on cognitive performance in children diagnosed with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Forty-three children with ADHD diagnosis performed a visuo-spatial working memory test with experimentally controlled auditory and visual white noise. Symptomatic and demographic data were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surprisingly, results did not show significant effects of noise across the full sample of ADHD children. However, responses to noise appeared to affect subgroups of ADHD children differently: Those with relatively more inattentive traits responded positively on noise exposure whereas those with relatively more hyperactive/impulsive traits performed worse during noise exposure. Individual differences in noise response in the auditory and visual modalities were strongly correlated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is important to consider individual differences in response to noise exposure, and to take into account the specific ADHD symptom profile (inattentive vs. hyperactive/impulsive) in applying noise to support cognitive performance in children with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the real-world safety of two different long-acting methylphenidate formulations (Medikinet^® MR and Concerta^®) - a Danish nationwide register-based cohort study.","authors":"Jakob Ørnberg, Anke Mayer, Oliver Dangel, Richard Ammer","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0009","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medikinet^® MR and Concerta^® are long-acting methylphenidate formulations used for the treatment of pediatric and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The two formulations have shown comparable safety profiles in two head-to-head randomized controlled trials. However, real-world studies comparing the safety profiles of these products are not available.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the real-world safety of Medikinet^® MR and Concerta^® using register data.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This population-based cohort study was conducted based on data from Danish registries. The study included patients with continuous long-term (i.e., ≥12 months) exposure to either Medikinet^® MR or Concerta^® between 1995 and 2018. Outcomes included several selected adverse events of interest. A sensitivity analysis was performed, excluding patients exposed to Concerta^® generics. For each outcome, Fisher's exact test was performed to compare the number of cases between the two groups. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using logistic regression models with patients exposed to Concerta^® as the reference group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population included 1249 patients exposed to Medikinet^® MR and 2455 patients exposed to Concerta®. No cases of cerebral arteritis or priapism were identified in either cohort. ORs for sudden death and anorexia could not be calculated due to the absence of cases in the Medikinet^® MR cohort. For the remaining outcomes, no statistically significant difference in risk was found between Medikinet^® MR-exposed and Concerta^®-exposed patients. The sensitivity analysis produced results consistent with those obtained in the main analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this population-based cohort study indicate that Medikinet^® MR and Concerta^® have comparable real-world safety profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Vanderbilt Children's ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale (VADRS-A) in a Saudi Population Sample.","authors":"Mohammed M J Alqahtani, Nouf Mohammed Al Saud, Nawal Mohammed Alsharef, Saleh Mohammed Alsalhi, Elham H Al-Hifthy, Ahmad N AlHadi, Yasser Ad-Dab'bagh, Fawwaz Abdulrazaq Alenazi, Barakat M Alotaibi, Sultan Mahmoud Alsaeed, Boshra A Arnout, Latifah ALQasem, Abdulkarim Alhossein, Yasser Jubran Alqahtani, Samirah A AlGhamdi, Nader Alrahili, Jeremy Varnham, Saeed Abdulwahab Asiri","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0008","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to utilize Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to investigate the constructive validity of the Arabic translation of the Vanderbilt Attention Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) Diagnostic Scale (VADRS-A) using its two versions, the Arabic Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale (VADPRS-A) and the Arabic Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Teacher Rating Scale (VADTRS-A).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;A descriptive research design was employed. Children were assessed by their parents and teachers, and a cluster sample of 1812 participants was chosen from many schools in Saudi Arabia, divided into two groups: parents (504) and teachers (1308) of children whose ages ranged between 5 to 12 years old. The VADPRS-A and VADTRS-A were administered to parents and teachers under the supervision of the Saudi ADHD Society.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of the PCA of VADPRS-A found that the six factors saturate one general factor that explained (59%) of the total variance of the factor matrix with eigenvalues (3.540). Similarly, the PCA of VADTRS-A demonstrated that the five factors were saturated on a general factor that explained (69.20%) of the total variance of the factor matrix with eigenvalues (3.460). Also, the results indicate the high internal consistency of VADPRS-A and VADTRS-A, all factors correlated together and the total scores positively and significantly statistically (p&gt;.001) correlation coefficients ranged between (0.296 to 0.843) for VADPRS-A, and ranges between (0.432 to 0.939) for VADTRS-A. Also, the Cronbach's α coefficient values for the six factors and total score of VADPRS-A were (.906, .925, .900, .896, .853, .872, .959) respectively, and these values are close to the values of the McDonald's ω for the factors and the total score were (.908, .923, .901, .871, .850, .877, .925) respectively. In the same way, Cronbach's α coefficients were (.967, .921, .914, .858, .948, .971) for all factors and the total score of VADTRS-A respectively, and these values are close to the values of the McDonald's ω (.968, .921, .919, .856, .943, .965) for all factors and the total score of VADTRS-A. In addition CFA for VADPRS-A and VADTRS-A models showed acceptable factor loading and good values of goodness-of-fit indices; CFI, TLI, RMSEA, IFI, and GFI (0.956, 0.942, 0.049, 0.956, 0.952) respectively for VADPRS-A model, and were (0.958, 0.932, 0.051, 0.963, 0.964) for VADTRS-A model, all of these were at an acceptable range. These results suggest a fit with the previous theoretical literature about VADPRS and VADTRS and DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria of ADHD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These findings highlighted the good psychometric properties of VADRS-A in both its versions VADPRS-A and VADTRS-A in the Saudi environment. Due to these findings, we suggest utilizing VADPRS-A and VADTRS-A during ADHD diagnosis in children 5-12 years old in Saudi Arabia, ","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"72-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11501068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dealing with overwhelming life situations - young people's experiences of becoming depressed.","authors":"Erik Ekbäck, Maria Strömbäck, Lina Rådmark, Johan Öjebrandt, Jenny Molin, Eva Henje","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0007","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is common and increasing in young people, who seem especially vulnerable, both in the probability of developing depression, and in the resulting negative consequences across the lifespan. Unfortunately, available treatments rarely lead to full remission and even in cases of remission relapse rates are high. Different explanatory models have been proposed, and research indicates a multifaceted etiology. The descriptive DSM-5 has low diagnostic validity in this age-group, especially for depressive disorders, and limited attention has been given to young people's own experiences of becoming depressed. Hence, there is a risk of missing clinical information that is important for the therapeutic alliance and treatment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore young people's experiences of becoming depressed.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A qualitative study was performed. Six participants with clinical depression, currently in treatment at child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinics in northern Sweden were recruited. Interviews followed a semi-structured manual, and data was analyzed with inductive qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants described different reasons for their depression, and from their stories four categories were identified: \"Being subjected to violence\", \"Suffering separation and loss\", \"Feeling abandoned\", and \"Feeling burdened and vulnerable\". These categories were interpreted in the theme: \"Dealing with an overwhelming life situation\".</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The participants presented mainly stressful external and relational events preceding their depression. A combination of overwhelming stressors, lack of support and lack of time for recovery was described. This points to the importance of validating the narratives of young patients with depression and to offer trauma-informed treatment approaches in mental health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"63-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Psychosocial Follow-up for Childhood Critical Illness Survivors: A Qualitative Interview Study on Health Professionals' Perspectives.","authors":"Marte Hoff Hagen, Gunnar Hartvigsen, Letizia Jaccheri, Sofia Papavlasopoulou","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0006","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digital solutions have been reported to provide positive psychological and social outcomes to childhood critical illness survivors, a group with an increased risk for long-term adverse psychosocial effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore health professionals' perspectives on the potential of digital psychosocial follow-up for childhood critical illness survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a qualitative approach, expert interviews with six health professionals working at a Norwegian hospital were conducted. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematic analysis framework. Concurrent data collection and analysis using inductive coding was also employed, and a model of codes was constructed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The interview yielded thirteen unique codes regarding the health professionals' perspectives on the potential for digital psychosocial follow-up for childhood critical illness survivors, organized in a model comprising the two main themes: <i>Affecting Factors</i> and <i>Digital Usage</i>. Demographic factors (the child's medical condition, age, gender, and residence) and environmental factors (the child's family and health professionals) tended to affect the current psychosocial follow-up. Hospital limitations concerning a lack of digital solutions, worse relationship building with video communication, and children's already high screen time reflected the current state of digital usage. However, ongoing digitalization, existing successful digital solutions, children's good digital skills, and an ongoing process of creating an artifact are also seen as opportunities for digital usage in future psychosocial follow-up for childhood critical illness survivors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Researchers can build further on these findings to investigate the potential of digital psychosocial follow-up for childhood critical illness survivors, and clinicians can use it as a starting point for improving psychosocial follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"50-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11255782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Critical Role of Attachment Theory in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Care.","authors":"Pernille Juul Darling, Dyveke Bové Illum, Ole Jakob Storebø","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0005","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"47-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11246728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141621163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coping Styles and Defense Mechanisms Mediate Associations Between Exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences and CPTSD Symptoms in Faroese Adolescents.","authors":"Paulo Ferrajão, Carolina Isabel Batista, Rebeca Rocha, Ask Elklit","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0004","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The experience of several adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has been shown to be associated with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Disturbances in Self-Organization (DSO) symptoms among adolescents. Defense mechanisms and coping styles are psychological processes involved in the association of ACEs with PTSD and DSO symptoms. However, there is a lack of research on the joint association of these variables among Faroese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of exposure to ACEs on PTSD and DSO symptoms trough the indirect effect of defense mechanisms and coping styles in a sample of Faroese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Six hundred and eighty-seven Faroese adolescents were recruited from 19 schools. Participants responded to validated self-report questionnaires. A multiple step mediation and a serial mediation methodology were conducted through structural equation modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to ACEs was linked to PTSD and DSO symptoms through the indirect effect of immature defense mechanisms, emotional coping, and detachment coping. Exposure to ACEs was linked to PTSD symptoms through rational coping.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest a mutual relationship between defense mechanisms and coping styles in coping with multiple adversity among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"33-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11202398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic life in families with health anxiety symptoms, parental perspectives.","authors":"Ida Kathrine Dalgaard, Charlotte Ulrikka Rask, Niels Bilenberg, Ditte Roth Hulgaard","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0003","DOIUrl":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The covid-19 pandemic has influenced children and parents worldwide. The pandemic has also been suggested to especially affect and exacerbate health anxiety (HA) symptoms in children and adolescents. However, there is limited understanding of the potential mechanisms challenges of families where parents themselves experience mental health issues such as high degree of HA symptoms.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore parental experiences of pandemic life in families with continuously high levels of HA symptoms during the covid-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Six parents, identified with high levels of HA symptoms, participated in qualitative individual semi-structured interviews. Interviews were analysed according to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis principles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three main themes emerged. Theme 1) \"Anxious children in a pandemic world\" explores how pandemic - independent child factors including anxious temperament may have influenced the child pandemic experience. Theme 2) \"Parental influences on child anxiety\" describes parental reflections on their possible influence on child anxious thoughts. Theme 3) \"Living with pandemic guidelines and restrictions\" demonstrates the varying parental experiences of interventions and how these may affect HA thoughts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Parents who themselves experience HA symptoms see their children, who also experience HA symptoms, to be particularly susceptible and vulnerable to both content and rhetoric of pandemic information. These children may however, experience school lockdown to be anxiety relieving. Parents who themselves have illness-related fears may not see themselves as perpetuating for their child's anxious thoughts.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive functioning in children with ADHD Investigating the cross-method correlations between performance tests and rating scales.","authors":"Kristoffer Dalsgaard Olsen, Denis Sukhodolsky, Aida Bikic","doi":"10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjcapp-2024-0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Replicated evidence shows a weak or non-significant correlation between different methods of evaluating executive functions (EF). The current study investigates the association between rating scales and cognitive tests of EF in a sample of children with ADHD and executive dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample included 139 children (aged 6-13) diagnosed with ADHD and executive dysfunctions. The children completed subtests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). Parents completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and the Children's Organizational Skills Scale (COSS).</p><p><strong>Analysis: </strong>Pairwise Spearman correlations were calculated between the composite and separate subscales of cognitive tests and rating scales. In secondary analyses, pairwise Spearman correlations were conducted between all composite scales and subscales, stratified by child sex and child ADHD subtype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The correlation analyses between composite scores yielded no significant correlations. The results when comparing CANTAB TO and BRIEF GE are r=-.095, p=.289, and r=.042, p=.643 when comparing CANTAB TO and COSS TO. The analyses between all composite scales and subscales found one significant negative correlation (r=-.25, p<.01). There are significant cross-method differences when stratified by the ADHD-Inattentive subtype, showing significant negative correlations (moderate) between CANTAB and BRIEF composite (r=-.355, p=.014) and subscales.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>It is possible that the different methods measure different underlying constructs of EF. It may be relevant to consider the effects of responder bias and differences in ecological validity in both measurement methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results found no significant correlations. The expectation in research and clinical settings should not be to find the same results when comparing data from cognitive tests and rating scales. Future research might explore novel approaches to EF testing with a higher level of ecological validity, and designing EF rating scales that capture EF behaviors more so than EF cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":42655,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11027034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}