Central Asian Journal of Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Family Planning in the Republic of Tajikistan: A narrative review from Soviet times to 2017.","authors":"Ellison Henry,&nbsp;Zarrina H Juraqulova","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2020.404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tajikistan's dramatic shift from a high to a low fertility society has taken place over a little more than two decades. While some fertility beliefs remained the same throughout the rapid economic and political transitions of Tajikistan, other beliefs may have changed to respond to the financial realities of the newly independent and Central Asian republic, such as having fewer children. The objective of this review was to describe and analyze the state of family planning in the Republic of Tajikistan from Soviet period (1929-1991) until 2017.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review is based on materials obtained from various sources including Google Scholar and PubMed, relevant to family planning in Tajikistan, including government policies, open-access nationally representative data, journal articles, and program reports, identified through a selective search of Google Scholar and PubMed databases, and the grey literature.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This narrative review presents the history of family planning in Tajikistan, outlines an understanding of the health system context as it relates to family planning, and analyzes the latest national family planning policy (2017). The authors suggest further research is required to (a) understand the beliefs and practices related to family planning; and (b) define strategies to address the issue of unmet need of family planning services.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40637897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Readiness for Increasing Older Adult Physical Activity Levels in Kazakhstan.","authors":"Aniyar Izguttinov,&nbsp;Assel Ainabekova,&nbsp;Miruna Petrescu-Prahova,&nbsp;Suzanne J Wood","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2020.447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Physical activity is proven to be a significant element of successful aging, but many seniors worldwide fail to achieve the recommended levels. This study aimed to assess the readiness of the community in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, to act on the issue of physical inactivity among older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In order to achieve this purpose, we conducted qualitative interviews with key informants in the community and applied a validated community readiness tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results suggest that the local community is at early stages of readiness to act on the issue of older adult physical inactivity. We identified a number of barriers that prevented seniors from leading active lifestyles, which included community misconceptions about older adult physical activity, family centeredness in older adulthood, scarcity of resources, passive support from the leadership, and lack of efforts in the community. Research findings also highlighted the importance of conducting in-depth analysis of key informant responses in addition to calculating readiness scores, when using the community readiness tool.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Community-specific strategies for enhancing the level of physical activity among seniors are required to offset the disease burden associated with aging and to prolong life expectancy in Kazakhstan, and it is of paramount importance to tailor potential efforts as to address the current readiness of the community and its needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40637892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Physical Activity and Self-rated Health Among Adult Populations in South Asia.","authors":"Sanni Yaya,&nbsp;Ghose Bishwajit","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2020.347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although South Asians are considered to be at high risk for cardiovascular diseases, research evidence on the health impacts of physical activity (PA) remains very limited. In this study we aimed to explore the patterns of PA and to investigate whether engaging in regular PA is associated with better Self-Rated Health (SRH) among South Asians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data on population health were drawn from the World Health Survey of WHO. Subjects were 28,020 male and female South Asians (from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka) aged 18 years and above. Data were analysed using descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of the sample population reported good SRH was 44.3%, 58.7%, 37.7%, and 73.7% in Bangladeshis, Indians, Nepalese, and Sri Lankans, respectively. Regular engagement in moderate PA was highest in Nepal (69.7%) and lowest in Bangladesh (37.4%). Vigorous PA was highest in India (29.9%) and lowest in Bangladesh (17.9%). In Bangladesh, compared to those never engaged in MPA, those who engaged for 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, or 7 days a week were 30% [AOR=1.306; 95%CI 1.085-1.572], 33% [AOR=1.326; 95%CI 1.093-1.609], 39% [AOR=1.389; 95%CI 1.125-1.716], and 46% [AOR=1.459; 95%CI 1.249-1.705] more likely to report being in good health, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found that self-reported engagement in physical activities varies in South Asian countries. Since engaging in PA may help improve subjective and objective health status, health policy makers need to focus on designing exercise-friendly neighbourhoods in an attempt to promote population health.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7538877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38499024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online Game Addiction and the Level of Depression Among Adolescents in Manila, Philippines.","authors":"Ryan V Labana,&nbsp;Jehan L Hadjisaid,&nbsp;Adrian R Imperial,&nbsp;Kyeth Elmerson Jumawid,&nbsp;Marc Jayson M Lupague,&nbsp;Daniel C Malicdem","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2020.369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>World Health Organization recognizes online game addiction as a mental health condition. The rise of excessive online gaming is emerging in the Philippines, with 29.9 million gamers recorded in the country. The incidence of depression is also increasing in the country. The current correlational analysis evaluated the association between online game addiction and depression in Filipino adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A paper-and-pencil self-administered questionnaire assessing depression and online game addiction was distributed from August to November, 2018. The questionnaire included socio-demographic profiles of the respondents, and the 14-item Video Game Addiction Test (VAT) (Cronbach's α=0.91) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (Cronbach's α=0.88) to determine levels of online game addiction and depression, respectively. Multiple regression analyses were used to test the association between depression and online game addiction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred adolescents (59% males, 41% females) participated in the study. Fifty-three out of 300 respondents (12.0% males, 5.7% females) had high level of online game addiction as reflected in their high VAT scores. In this study, 37 respondents (6.7% males, 5.7% females) had moderately severe depression and 6 (2.0%) females had severe depression. Online game addiction was positively correlated with depression in this study (<i>r</i>=0.31; <i>p</i><0.001). When multiple regression analysis was computed, depression was found to be a predictor of online game addiction (<i>Coefficient</i>=0.0121; 95% CI-8.1924 - 0.0242; <i>p</i>=0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Depression, as associated with online game addiction, is a serious threat that needs to be addressed. High level of online game addiction, as positively correlated to the rate of depression among adolescents in Manila, could potentially be attributed to the booming internet industry and lack of suffiicent mental health interventions in the country. Recommended interventions include strengthening depression management among adolescents and improving mental health services for this vulnerable population groups in schools and within the communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40616344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of 'One Stop Crisis Centre' in Identifying and Assisting Victims of Violence in an Indian Health Care Setup.","authors":"Prachi Verma,&nbsp;Payal Puri,&nbsp;Dhruv Sharma,&nbsp;Shreya Singh","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2020.297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cases of female targeted violence often go uncounted in India. To identify the unreported cases of violence, Sukoon was established in 2014 as a hospital-based 'One Stop Crisis Centre' (OSCC). Sukoon provides counselling, police assistance and legal aid to the victims. The aim of the present study was to recognize the role of Sukoon in preventing violence against women (VAW) in the region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary data was extracted from 430 victims who approached Sukoon from August 2014 through January 2017. Data was collected on different variables: age, marital status, nature of violence, medium through which victims approached Sukoon and type of assistance provided. Significance of association of studied factors with the type of assault was investigated using χ² test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age of study-victims ranged from 4 to 75 years with a median age of 26 years and mean age of 27.61 years with standard deviation of 10.56 years. Major types of VAW (96.51%) were domestic violence, sexual assault, physical assault and poisoning. The types of violences were significantly associated with victims' age (χ² =5.76, d.f.=1, p<0.05) and marital status (χ² = 98.23, d.f=4, p<0.001). About 78% of victims were identified from Sukoon through screening and counseling. Around 69% of the cases were resolved directly by Sukoon or through police assistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The above results indicate a significant role of Sukoon in screening victims of violence and providing them required assistance within the hospital environment in one location. Such centers should be further promoted by the government to address the issues of VAW.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40637896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Data, Comorbidities, and Mortality of COVID-19 in the State of Guanajuato, Mexico until May 20, 2020.","authors":"Nicolás Padilla-Raygoza,&nbsp;Efraín Navarro-Olivos,&nbsp;María de Jesús Gallardo-Luna,&nbsp;Francisco J Magos-Vázquez,&nbsp;Daniel Alberto Díaz-Martínez,&nbsp;Cuauhtémoc Sandoval-Salazar,&nbsp;Luis Antonio Díaz-Becerril","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2020.527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In December 2019, cases of pneumonia of unknown cause arose in Wuhan, China. The causative agent was subsequently identified as 2019-nCoV and later called SARS-CoV-2. In Mexico, since January 2020 when the first cases were reported, the spread of the infection has occurred throughout the country. The state of Guanajuato, which is located in the center of the country, has taken isolation measures and closed public places in March 2020. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution, symptoms, co-morbidities and deaths due to confirmed cases of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An ecological study was designed from the database of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state of Guanajuato. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for symptoms and co-morbidities in deaths of confirmed cases. Logistic regression models were generated adjusting for age group and gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 838 confirmed cases in the state, cases with dyspnea and cyanosis showed more significant effect on death. Age group and gender had little involvement as confounders. For practically all comorbidities (including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and immunosuppression), there was a significant effect (odds ratio greater than 2) on mortality from COVID-19. Age group showed a confounding effect on comorbidities and death, but not gender.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The confirmed cases had more than twice the possibility of having comorbidities, compared with those who did not die.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40637898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Bottle Feeding Practices in Infants Under Two Years of Age: A hospital-based study in Woldia, Ethiopia.","authors":"Yalew Mihret,&nbsp;Fentanesh Endalew,&nbsp;Hunegnaw Almaw,&nbsp;Melese Linger","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2020.440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bottle feeding should be avoided when possible in infants under the age of two to improve health outcomes. The magnitude of bottle feeding practice is currently increasing in Ethiopia, however factors associated with bottle feeding usage are rarely addressed in research. We aimed to fill this gap and assess the magnitude of bottle feeding and its association with sociodemographic factors among infants in Woldia, Ethiopia in 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Woldia General Hospital at the Immunization Clinic. A total of 255 mothers who had infants were selected by systematic random sampling method. Data was collected through face-to-face interview using a structured standardized questionnaire. The data was entered to EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression analysis models were used to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Variables with p-value < 0.2 in bivariable logistic regression analysis were entered to multivariable logistic regression analysis. Finally, variables with p-value < 0.05 with 95% CI in multivariable logistic regression were taken as independent predictors. COR and AOR were used to show the strength of association between the dependent and independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of bottle feeding practice in this study was 42.7% (95%CI: 35.8, 48.2). Being an infant age 0-5 months old [AOR=0.16; 95%CI: 0.06, 0.4], being a mother age 35-50 years old [AOR=0.43; 95%CI: 0.22, 0.85], having 2-5 children [AOR=6.37; 95%CI: 1.33, 30.44], and being a farmer as reported mother's occupation [AOR=2.72; 95%CI: 1.30, 5.67] showed significant association with bottle feeding practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The magnitude of bottle feeding practice was significantly higher in the current study as compared to national prevalence. Several sociodemographic factors showed significant association with bottle feeding practice which need to be explored further in the future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40616348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Salt-Reducing Behavior in Young Adults: a Pilot Cross-Sectional Study from Kazakhstan.","authors":"Mina Aubakirova,&nbsp;Marat Sultanov,&nbsp;Aidarkhan Izimov,&nbsp;Yesbolat Sakko,&nbsp;Torekhan Bex,&nbsp;Anuar Mussagazin,&nbsp;Raushan Alibekova","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2020.415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In Kazakhstan, a post-Soviet country in Central Asia, salt intake is estimated as high, potentially contributing to the morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to explore salt intake in residents of the capital of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online cross-sectional survey of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors on salt intake among young adult residents of the capital city of Kazakhstan was conducted (<i>n</i> = 237). Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although 95% (n=225) reported knowledge on the adverse health effects of high salt intake, older respondents were more aware of its association with high blood pressure (p = 0.007), heart disease (p = 0.037), and heart attack (p = 0.002). Only one-third (n=79) correctly identified the recommended level of daily salt intake. Females reported more awareness of Kazakhstani people consuming salt more than recommended (p = 0.0027) and that processed products constituted the major source of salt in diet (p = 0.007). General dietary concern (p < 0.001), high self-assessmen of salt intake (p < 0.001), and older age (p = 0.012) were found to be adjusted predictors of salt-reducing behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lack of reported knowledge on salt-health relationship is of concern, especially among young males. A greater dietary concern and individual awareness of the excessive salt consumption is likely to assist in reducing salt intake. Further studies are required to validate the findings of this pilot study on a bigger population level in order to provide a basis for future salt related interventions and policy changes in Kazakhstan.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40637893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: <i>A Systematic Review of the Effects of Aromatherapy with Lavender Essential Oil on Depression</i>.","authors":"","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.546","DOIUrl":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.5195/cajgh.2020.442.].</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40632522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need for Couple's Awareness About Sexual Health in COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Farzaneh Babapour,&nbsp;Fatemeh Hamidi,&nbsp;Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2020.490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2020.490","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>--</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40637891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}