Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"Use and Efficacy of Thermography for Stratigraphic Analysis of Historical Buildings","authors":"Cesare Crova, F. Miraglia","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9231","url":null,"abstract":"The use of thermography made it possible to investigate an ancient church viewed from a historical perspective, in order to learn more about its construction characteris­tics. This non-destructive diagnostic technique enabled a stratigraphic investigation of the structures in elevation to be conducted, resulting in the acquisition of new informa­tion and confirming the validity of its use in this complex field of application. This initial phase of knowledge acquisition provided an opportunity to propose a line of study to be conducted through the application of various instruments and tech­niques, starting with thermography, in accordance with a rational order. Instrumental results of the investigations as they are carried out, might suggest the location of points in which to continue with subsequent investigations, while at the same time defining appropriate guidelines in assessing the results.","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"17 1","pages":"135-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78901549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African Totems: Cultural Heritage for Sustainable Environmental Conservation","authors":"K. L. L. Mandillah, Georges-Ivo Ekosse","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9235","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable development, a development that meets the needs of the present with­out compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, has eluded most developing nations in the world today. The world’s countries inlude the devel­oped and developing nations where most African nations fit into the latter category. Attempts have been made to explain the circumstances under which African countries are striving to develop, but the role of Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) in the entire process has not been exhaustively explored. Indigenous people have responded to ecological and development challenges by using the cultures and knowledge systems transmitted through their indigenous languages. The aim of this paper was to investi­gate how totems, as cultural belief systems, have been used in Africa to promote the conservation of natural resources. Qualitative methods (based on literature) were used to explore the values and perceptions that underlie the use of totems. The information was collected by reviewing some literature on African culture and totems from Kenya and South Africa. The literature reviewed concentrated on the cultural symbolism at­tached to totems among different tribes which were randomly selected from the two countries. Data was analyzed through content analysis and presented thematically. It was found that animal, plant and insect totems in Kenya and South Africa have sym­bolic meanings attached to them. The symbolic meanings are usually accompanied by taboos believed to have special spiritual and cultural associations. Due to these cultural associations and taboos, totems are protected against harm by the respective tribes, conserving species diversity and ecosystem diversity. The study recommends that there is a need to appreciate the cultural values and beliefs that help in sustainable development. Findings of the study could add value to the existing body of knowledge on Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) relating to the management and preserva­tion of indigenous knowledge produced in Africa for sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"32 1","pages":"201-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77829347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heritage Values in the Rehabilitation of Gobbe-Sabz, Iran","authors":"M. Mohammadi, Mohammad Mohammadi, Kazem Mondegari","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9228","url":null,"abstract":"Gobbe-Sabz (Green Cupola) is one of the most important and prominent build­ings in Kerman, Iran, dating back to the Qara-khitai dynasty (1222–1306 AD). It was a huge complex of buildings that was almost totally destroyed in an earthquake. Every building during its lifecycle from creation to deterioration acquires values that are important in making any decision about restoration. Brandi’s theory of restoration considers ruins as a work of art, claiming that they are the result of a unique, creative process. He asserts it is necessary to have a creative process for restoration to reclaim its significance in the human consciousness. Although there remains only a small part of Gobbe-Sabz , many remarkable heritage values have been added over time that could be helpful in the creative process for its conservation. The present situation of Gobbe-Sabz precludes rebuilding it as active and complete architecture, determining the process of rehabilitating its original condition. Moreover, some heritage values and meanings have been added to it across the years which are a collection of ideas and concepts that can be useful in deciding the conservation process. In this regard, this research proposes conservation strategies and a conceptual framework for the reha­bilitation of the historic ruins based on their current situation.","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"258 1","pages":"83-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76687758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial. The reciprocal need for interaction between science, history, art","authors":"S. Lorusso, Alexandre Lobodanov","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"27 1","pages":"15-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88776713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Interdisciplinary Studies and Analyses in the Conservation of Greco-Roman Cartonnage","authors":"F. Alawneh, A. Elserogy, E. Almasri","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9236","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the multi-analytical techniques and treatment processes that were undertaken in the conservation of two deteriorated cartonnages of the Greek- Roman period. Due to the lack of cartonnage specialists and the complicated nature of the restoration process, cartonnages within Egyptian museums and storage areas suffer from neglect and various other problems. The issue of cartonnage restoration is, so far, still a subject of scientific controversy. The research described in this paper dealt with the conservation and restoration of two mummy cartonnages found in Saqqara. Damage factors were identified and a biological study was conducted aimed at identi­fying the microorganisms that had led to biological infection. Furthermore, spot-stains caused by using resin in the mummification process were also inspected. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction and Infrared (FTIR) results revealed the cartonnage components. It is clear from the spectra obtained with the blue colored sample that Egyptian blue was used. The white pigment composition appears as a combination of calcite and as calcium silicate mixed with aluminum silicate. FTIR re­vealed the presence of three layers of linen textile, which were made of layers of linen, and sometimes of papyrus, and mounted using animal glue. After examining the condi­tion of the cartonnages and studying the results of the previous analysis, a treatment and restoration plan was developed and applied. Treatments included: strengthening the colors and weak parts, cleaning, removal of previous restoration materials and replacing the missing parts as well as preparing two new display holders.","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"51 1","pages":"219-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90804580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Control of Damaging Microorganisms in Manuscripts of Central Tabriz Library, Iran","authors":"Mozhgan Khalili Zonouz","doi":"10.6092/issn.1973-9494/9237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.1973-9494/9237","url":null,"abstract":"A large number of historical artifacts have low resistance to pests since they are made of organic substances. Such works can be consumed by several living organ­isms and can often be an ideal environment for micro-organisms to grow, particularly when favorable conditions such as appropriate climate and absence of light are pres­ent. The way in which manuscripts are stored in archives, such as shelves, acid-free boxes and relative temperature control, means that both humidity and aerosols can play a determining role in their safety. Considering the principle of the priority of con­servation over restoration, several measures should be adopted for the safety and authenticity of the works, which will also lead to a decrease in restoration costs. The Central Tabriz Library possesses a precious collection consisting of several thousand volumes of valuable books, authentic documents and lithographic books. It is worth noting that the first hand-written work from Iran to be registered on the UNESCO Memory of the World Heritage list was, “ Vaghf Nameh Rab'-e Rashidi ,” the Deed of En­dowment of the Rab' i-Rashidi. The document is a historical manuscript book authored by Sheikh Rashid al-din Fazlollah and is regarded as a part of this collection.","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"124 1","pages":"239-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77329145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earthquakes, Reconstruction and Monumental Heritage","authors":"G. Carbonara","doi":"10.6092/issn.1973-9494/9226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.1973-9494/9226","url":null,"abstract":"To successfully reconstruct the towns in central Italy hit by a series of earthquakes in 2016–2017 means having access to high-quality specialist planning, capable of en­hancing all possible architectural remains, testimonies of an ancient beauty relating to architecture and landscape, and documents able to preserve the memory of these places. This would avoid re-constructing buildings that are completely divorced from histori­cal reality or, on the contrary, purely theatrical: a sort of “musealization” created just for show that risks compromising the urban identity and the cultural and social identity of the territory. For this reason, the presumed contrast between ‘conservation’ and ‘safety’ — two terms which seem, at first sight, to go irreconcilably in opposite directions — must be surmounted. In the wake of an excellent tradition of study in this field, such a contrast could be synthesized by reconfiguring them within the operative term of ‘restoration’ (it includes ‘maintenance’ and ‘prevention’ of an eminently conservative nature), which summarizes the two contrasting terms. On the one hand is the historical-humanistic area (which provides the reasons for ‘what’ to conserve and ‘why’) and on the other, the scientific-technical one (which gives the reasons for ‘how’ to conserve). The will to proceed quickly is understandable but must, however, be tempered by the need to guarantee the right intervention methods both in the planning and in the ex­ecution phase. The temptation to adopt corrective technical solutions must be rejected and must, on the contrary, take into consideration the peculiar constructive identity of ancient buildings, the specific problems they present and duly seek the least invasive and most appropriate solutions case by case.","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"16 1","pages":"41-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78455219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Single-Use Heritage Assets: A Treasure to be Catalogued and Preserved","authors":"A. Natali, M. D. Luca, R. D'Orazi","doi":"10.6092/issn.1973-9494/9232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.1973-9494/9232","url":null,"abstract":"Special-purpose historical assets are those built in the twentieth century, in certain environmental, social, industrial, economic, infrastructural contexts, which carried out a single function. This unique function determined the dimensions, partitions, accesses and, in short, the very particular and specific characteristics that excluded their reuse. Having lost their usefulness, they are destined in the space of a few years to disap­pear, to be demolished, their past lost without leaving any memory or mark, because they are not protected by current legislation. The proposed cataloging and conservation of these structures is aimed at focus­ing attention on the afore-mentioned historical assets and protecting these significant testimonies not only from an architectural perspective but also from that of the history of work, popular culture and social aggregation.","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"67 1","pages":"147-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85573133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Integrated Bicultural Referent of the Built Colonial Heritage: Social Housing Models in Oran (1954–1958), Algeria","authors":"Loubna Kara Mostefa, K. T. Aoul","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9227","url":null,"abstract":"The built heritage of the 1950s French colonial era represents the complexity of the hybrid cultural identity bequeathed by history but attracts minimal interest and consid­eration as an accepted local heritage. This research focuses on the opportunities and misconceptions about cultural reinterpretations and on the role a given society plays in the definition of cultural and patrimonial identity. For this purpose, the paper explores four social housing models and their derivatives (Nid d’abeilles, Semiramis, Trefle and Brunie) built during the French colonial period between 1954 and 1958 in Oran, Alge­ria. The historical analysis, supported by a qualitative study of the spatio-temporal evo­lution of these public housing projects, is based on the dynamics of cultural transfers. It aims to understand the interweaving and evolution of formal, organizational and func­tional reinterpretations of architectural components generated by western architects and remodeled by the local population. The result identifies hybrid cultural housing and highlights the pivotal role of social stakeholders in the acceptance and accommodation of mixed models. It encourages the identification of sustained and integrated bicultural referents which reflect the contemporary cultural identity.","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"62 1 1","pages":"65-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79770088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thinking Independently and, Then, as One: The Relationship Between Truth, Art and Science in the Field of Cross-Disciplinarity","authors":"S. Lorusso, Mauro Mantovani, Giampaolo Maria Cogo","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.1973-9494/9238","url":null,"abstract":"I would define the following text as a Note in which different cultural extractions and equally different personal ideas have led to a discussion and the consequent need on the part of each of the authors to write the short paper which, rightly and emphatically, does not exclude others, but rather integrates them into the specific subject matter. The theme it discusses — “Truth” — as an axiom itself, in this case is directed at the cul­tural areas in which, and for which, the authors themselves operate: art and science. Thus the authors of the paper, the scientist, the philosopher and the jurist, with the perspective of openness toward transcendence that unites them, albeit in different ways and with different convictions, give meaning and reason to the concept of “inter­disciplinarity” and “transdisciplinarity.” In this regard, I would like to underline that this concept, which has developed into the stronger form of “cross-disciplinarity,” is present in the Apostolic Constitution “Veritatis Gaudium,” defined as another step in the cultural revolution of Pope Francis. Here, in short: “Thinking independently and, then, as one.”","PeriodicalId":42483,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage","volume":"6 1","pages":"257-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90942139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}