Science of the Total Environment最新文献

{"title":"Algae-driven bacterial production of extracellular reactive oxygen species for emerging contaminants degradation","authors":"Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Rong Ni ,&nbsp;Lusen Li ,&nbsp;Hongwei Yu ,&nbsp;Jing Qi ,&nbsp;Baiwen Ma ,&nbsp;Chengzhi Hu ,&nbsp;Jiuhui Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging contaminants (ECs) are ubiquitous in natural surface waters, posing significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Symbiotic systems comprising photoautotrophic algae and associated bacteria offer a promising approach for the bioremediation of aquatic environments. This study investigated the degradation of five ECs (carbamazepine, diclofenac, atenolol, sulfamethoxazole, and ofloxacin) by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated through algal-bacterial interactions. The algal-bacterial system exhibited superior degradation efficiencies, achieving 96 %, 97 %, 89 %, 72 %, and 77 % removal for the respective ECs after 6 days, far surpassing the performance of pure bacterial or algal systems. Elevated levels of biogenic ROS were observed in the algal-bacterial system, with extracellular superoxide radicals (O₂^•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) identified as key drivers of the degradation process. Under ECs stress, the algal-bacterial system maintained cellular integrity and metabolic activity by upregulating pathways related to carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism, thereby enhancing its resistance. These findings highlight the significant potential of algal-bacterial systems for the transformation of ECs, offering a sustainable strategy for bioremediation and the restoration of ecosystem health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179670"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental contaminants and insects: Genetic strategies for ecosystem and agricultural sustainability","authors":"Arjumand John ,&nbsp;Md. Aslam Khan ,&nbsp;Abadi M. Mashlawi ,&nbsp;Abhinav Kumar ,&nbsp;Sri Rahayuningsih ,&nbsp;Susi Wuryantini ,&nbsp;Otto Endarto ,&nbsp;I. Gusti Agung Ayu Indrayani ,&nbsp;Cece Suhara ,&nbsp;Farida Rahayu ,&nbsp;Dwi Adi Sunarto ,&nbsp;Mudasir A. Dar ,&nbsp;Ab Waheed Wani ,&nbsp;Atif Khurshid Wani","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insects, with their vast biodiversity and essential ecological roles, are crucial to agriculture, textile production, and environmental stability. As pollinators, decomposers, and bioindicators, they support ecosystem functions and human industries. Their short generation time, high reproductive rates, and genetic adaptability make them valuable models for studying human diseases like cancer. However, contaminants pose significant threats to industrially important insects, impacting ecosystems and industries alike. Excessive pesticide use disrupts ecological balance, contributing to the global decline of insect populations. Understanding how contaminants affect insect physiology is critical for assessing their broader implications on agriculture, food security, and biodiversity. This interdisciplinary review integrates entomology, genetics, and environmental science to explore these impacts. Additionally, it examines the potential of genetic interventions to mitigate contaminant-induced harm, ensuring the sustainability of insect-mediated services. To safeguard these vital species, a comprehensive approach that integrates conservation and sustainable utilization strategies is essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179660"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose rate-driven responses to ionizing radiation in CBA/Ca and C57BL/6N evaluated using benchmark dose (BMD) modeling","authors":"Hildegunn Dahl ,&nbsp;Ann-K. Olsen ,&nbsp;Einar Berg ,&nbsp;Nur Duale ,&nbsp;Tim Hofer ,&nbsp;Anne Graupner ,&nbsp;Dag A. Brede ,&nbsp;Dag M. Eide","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dose rate is an important factor influencing the biological outcomes of environmental ionizing radiation exposure. This study aimed to investigate genotoxic and phenotypic effects of <em>dose rate</em> while keeping the total dose constant (3 Gy). Using the Figaro facility, CBA/CaOla and C57BL/6N mice were exposed to gamma radiation (⁶⁰Co) at low (2.5 mGy/h for 54<!--> <!-->d) and higher dose rates (10 mGy/h for 14<!--> <!-->d and 100 mGy/h for 30<!--> <!-->h). Cellular stress was assessed through micronuclei in reticulocytes, DNA damage (comet assay), mitochondrial DNA copy number variation and common deletions (digital droplet PCR), and protein carbonylation in plasma. Micronucleus formation in reticulocytes proved to be a highly sensitive and specific dose rate predictor, shown by a log-linear dose rate response (R² = 0.98). Mitochondrial DNA copy number increased in a strain- and dose rate-dependent manner, while no significant effects on common deletions or protein carbonylation were detected. Chronic low dose rate exposure led to an approximate 60 % reduction in testis weights, other phenotypic results were not evident. Benchmark dose analysis of liver transcriptomic data revealed shared radiation responses across functional categories and transcriptional points of departure for DNA damage-related pathways. The BMD analysis of MN-RETs demonstrated a BMDL far below the lowest dose, indicating that the MN-RET-assay is suitable for lower dose rates and total doses. Integrating adverse effect analysis with BMDL estimations improves dose rate-response characterization and contributes to more refined risk assessment, reducing reliance on high dose rate extrapolation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179589"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium-carrageenan modulates arsenic bioaccessibility in simulated gastrointestinal bio-fluids: Dual mechanisms of gastric promotion and intestinal inhibition","authors":"Shuqiong Kong ,&nbsp;Haotian Song ,&nbsp;Ruiqi Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaguo Wei ,&nbsp;Weiji Wu ,&nbsp;Chengcheng Jia ,&nbsp;Hongchen Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inorganic arsenic (As) exposure via oral ingestion poses significant carcinogenic risks, with bioaccessibility in the gastrointestinal tract critical for risk assessment. Selenium (Se), an essential micronutrient, exhibits paradoxical effects on As toxicity, yet its mechanistic role in modulating As bioavailability during digestion remains poorly understood. This study investigates the dual-phase impact of selenated carrageenan (Se-car), a cost-effective organic Se supplement, on As bioaccessibility using an <em>in vitro</em> simulated digestion model. Results show that Se-car (50 g/L) enhances total As, As(III), and As(V) bioaccessibility by 22.28 %, 20.00 %, and 22.53 % during gastric digestion (pH 1.5, 1 h), driven by competitive adsorption of Se-car's anionic groups on hematite surfaces, proton dissociation, and pepsin-mediated reductive dissolution. Conversely, in intestinal digestion (pH 6.5, 8 h), Se-car suppresses total As, As(III), and As(V) bioaccessibility release by 8.51 %, 9.08 %, and 4.71 % through molecular entanglement, enzyme encapsulation, and reduced Fe(II) solubility. Elevated NaCl concentrations (0.01–1 M) synergistically inhibit As release by 7.28 % (gastric) and 2.47 % (intestinal), attributable to ionic shielding-induced Se-car chain contraction. Mechanistic insights indicate gastricization relies on acidic dissolution and Se-car–pepsin interactions, while intestinal inhibition stems from Se-car-trypsin binding and surface passivation. Health risk assessments demonstrate Se-car exacerbates gastric-phase THQ values of As (children: 5.20 → 16.97) but mitigates intestinal-phase risks (children: 9.14 → 3.99). This work elucidates pH- and ionic strength-dependent Se-car behaviors, offering novel insights for optimizing dietary Se interventions in As-endemic regions. The dual-phase regulatory mechanism highlights the importance of digestive-phase-specific risk management and provides a foundation for developing polysaccharide-based As antagonists targeting complex gastrointestinal environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179631"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nearshore use increases propensity to accumulate persistent organic pollutants in two thresher shark species","authors":"Kady Lyons ,&nbsp;Piper Rackley ,&nbsp;Antonella Preti ,&nbsp;Aaron B. Carlisle","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predator tissues can accumulate specific signatures of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) based on their feeding ecology. Likewise, stable isotopes, which are also incorporated into tissues via diet, are complementary to POPs as they provide additional geographic and trophic information into the ecology of consumers. The Common Thresher Shark (<em>Alopias vulpinus</em>) and the Bigeye Thresher (<em>Alopias superciliosus</em>) are closely related but have distinct spatial habitat use, with Common Threshers having shallower and more coastal distributions compared to Bigeye Threshers, which occur in deeper offshore waters. This study used two types of chemical markers (stable isotopes and POPs) to understand how ecological differences in nearshore use may influence their propensity to accumulate PCBs and DDXs. Liver samples were obtained from thresher sharks incidentally captured in southern California (a known hotspot for DDX and its metabolites) and analyzed for a suite of organic contaminants and two stable isotopes (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N). Common Thresher Sharks had significantly higher concentrations for every contaminant group examined compared to Bigeye Threshers, and species were distinguishable based on their contaminant signatures. Contaminant levels significantly declined with length in Common Thresher Sharks, although the dataset was biased towards mature females, but levels significantly increased with length in Bigeye Threshers, which were skewed towards more mature males. Isotopic niche space had little overlap between species, and DDX concentrations positively correlated with δ¹³C (a proxy of nearshore use). The results suggest that proximity to shore may play a key role in hepatic POP accumulation, but intrinsic factors, such as sex, may also be influential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179673"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citrus wastewaters increase soil nitrate and improve nutrient translocation in a copper contaminated soil-lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) system","authors":"Daniela Pampinella ,&nbsp;Caterina Lucia ,&nbsp;Luigi Badalucco ,&nbsp;Vito Armando Laudicina","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179633"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying ecosystem respiration and nitrous oxide emissions from greenhouse cultivation systems via a novel whole-greenhouse static chamber method","authors":"Zhi Quan ,&nbsp;Xue Li ,&nbsp;Geshere Abdisa Gurmesa ,&nbsp;Erik A. Hobbie ,&nbsp;Kai Huang ,&nbsp;Bin Huang ,&nbsp;Jinlong Dong ,&nbsp;Zhaoan Sun ,&nbsp;Yanzhi Wang ,&nbsp;Jian Ma ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Yunting Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Greenhouse cultivation has expanded rapidly over the past three decades, significantly contributing to global food security and diversity. However, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from these systems remain poorly quantified due to methodological limitations. Here, we introduce a novel framework treating the greenhouse as a large static chamber to infer GHG emissions via nighttime gas accumulation. This approach was validated using two monitoring systems: automated 16-chambers soil flux measurements and whole-greenhouse concentration monitoring over 70 days. Mean soil carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) fluxes were 29.2 ± 12.9 kg C ha⁻¹ day⁻¹, −1.08 ± 2.31 g C ha⁻¹ day⁻¹, and 105.3 ± 65.6 g N ha⁻¹ day⁻¹ (mean ± SD), respectively. Although CH₄ flux was negligible, CO₂ and N₂O fluxes were significant with high spatiotemporal variability, driven primarily by chamber location and soil temperature. Whole-greenhouse CO₂ concentrations accumulated steadily at night and declined rapidly under daylight, whereas N₂O concentrations rose continuously, with ventilation events driving release. Nighttime accumulation between 18:00–24:00 provided robust estimates of ecosystem respiration (Re) and N₂O emissions, minimizing biases from temperature fluctuations. Validated across 15 greenhouses, this method yielded annualized emissions of 17.8 ± 8.0 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (Re) and 21.3 ± 19.7 kg N ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (N₂O). This highlighted N₂O as the dominant direct GHG after accounting for photosynthetic recapture of Re. By bridging spatial heterogeneity and diurnal variability, the whole-greenhouse static-chamber approach advanced GHG quantification in controlled agricultural systems and offered a scalable framework for optimizing management practices and mitigating climate impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179629"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the impact of climate and management strategies on groundwater conservation in the High Plains Aquifer","authors":"Zaichen Xiang ,&nbsp;Ryan T. Bailey ,&nbsp;Zachary T. Zambreski ,&nbsp;Isaya Kisekka ,&nbsp;Xiaomao Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater depletion in semi-arid, irrigated regions is accelerating due to intensive agricultural water use. This study uses a linked hydro-agronomic model (DSSAT-MODFLOW) to evaluate crop yield and groundwater elevation under several scenarios of future climate, irrigation system, and planting decision in Finney County, southwest Kansas, a region that has experienced significant groundwater decline over the past 50 years as a result of irrigation within the U.S. High Plains Aquifer region. Model calibration was conducted using the Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) based on Monte Carlo simulation. The calibrated model was applied to quantitatively assess the impacts of projected climate conditions (2021–2050), using downscaled data from seven General Circulation Models (GCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) under SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios, in combination with various irrigation systems and land-crop-water allocation strategies on crop yield and water table elevation. Results indicate that, under climate change alone, groundwater saturated thickness is projected to decline by 20 %–55 % by 2050. When combined with different management practices, groundwater levels continue to decline regardless of irrigation type and allocation level, indicating that groundwater resources can only be conserved but not fully sustained. Maize production becomes increasingly vulnerable without the adoption of heat- and drought-tolerant cultivars, while soybean, winter wheat, and sorghum remain more resilient across scenarios. A drier future climate condition further constrains management options that simultaneously support yield and groundwater conservation goals. These findings provide critical insights into developing adaptive irrigation and cropping strategies in the High Plains Aquifer and other groundwater-dependent agricultural regions worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179656"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green ammonia as hydrogen carrier: current status, barriers, and strategies to achieve sustainable development goals","authors":"V.S. Vigneswaran ,&nbsp;Sarath C. Gowd ,&nbsp;Varshini Ravichandran ,&nbsp;M. Karthikeyan ,&nbsp;Prabakaran Ganeshan ,&nbsp;Sabariswaran Kandasamy ,&nbsp;Jintae Lee ,&nbsp;Selvaraj Barathi ,&nbsp;Karthik Rajendran","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen, a carbon-free fuel, has the potential to aid global nations in achieving eight of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The shortcomings associated with H₂ transportation and storage can be mitigated by using NH₃ as hydrogen carrier because of its better safety, physical, and environmental properties. However, to achieve the global climate target, green ammonia production must be incremented by four times (688 MT) from the current level. Hence, understanding of advanced green NH₃ production and storage technologies, along with the factors that influence them becomes necessary. It also aids in identifying the factors hindering green H₂ and NH₃ production, which can be resolved by promoting research. At the same time, drafting policies that encourage green H₂ and NH₃ production can abet in overcoming the bottleneck faced by the industry. Presently, green ammonia production can be made feasible only when the renewable electricity cost is less than $20/MWh and carbon price of $150/t of CO₂ emissions is levied. Approximately 80 % of the energy consumed during NH₃ is spent on H₂ generation; therefore, it is necessary to enact policies that promote green H₂ production globally. Producing green H₂ can aid in mitigating ∼90 % of the greenhouse gases emitted during NH₃ manufacturing thereby facilitating to reduce the carbon footprint of H₂ carrier and decarbonize NH₃ industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179646"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Product characterization, application, and techno-economic aspects of phosphorus recovery as struvite from swine wastewater: A case of small-scale swine farm","authors":"Yada Pinatha ,&nbsp;Wina Rongchapo ,&nbsp;Thanakrit Neamhom ,&nbsp;Prapat Pentamwa","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated phosphorus recovery from swine wastewater using chemical crystallization, focusing on the quantity and quality of the recovered product, crystal characteristics, phosphate release, and techno-economic feasibility for small-scale swine farms. Phosphate recovery efficiency exceeded 80 % when the pH was above 8.0, with solid precipitates containing 9.5–12.8%P dry weight. Approximately 65 % of phosphorus was recovered as struvite at pH 8.5 with a Mg/P molar ratio of 1.95. Treating 15.47 m³·d⁻¹ of swine wastewater for struvite production yielded at 10.95 kg·d⁻¹ of struvite, equivalent to 1.28 kg P·d⁻¹. Recovered struvite exhibited a cumulative phosphate release at 50.56 % by day 30, making it suitable as a slow-release fertilizer compared to monoammonium phosphate (65.55 %) and triple superphosphate (61.96 %). The techno-economic assessment for small-scale swine farms covered five main components of the struvite production system and evaluated four scenarios. The results indicated the lowest total operating and capital costs were 2769.96 USD·y⁻¹ and 3943.10 USD, respectively. Revenue from struvite was estimated at 3778.04 USD, with a unit production cost of 6.56 USD·kg P⁻¹. The struvite production system on full-scale swine farms offers a moderate and competitive cost compared to other chemical precipitation processes. The shortest payback period for the struvite production system was 3.91 years. Sensitivity analysis revealed that increased costs or reduced income would extend the payback period by approximately 18 % for all scenarios. This study demonstrated a practical method for recovering phosphorus, promoting sustainable phosphorus management, environmental protection, and supporting the circular economy in human ecosystem and sustainable food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"982 ","pages":"Article 179685"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}