The Journal of Holocaust Research最新文献_第4页

Lecture: Some Reflections on Transmitting the Memory of the Shoah and its Implications, particularly in Israel 讲座:关于传播大屠杀记忆及其影响的一些思考，特别是在以色列

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2162778

Saul Friedländer, Michal Govrin

引用次数: 0

An American in Germany: Fall 1940 一个美国人在德国:1940年秋天

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2153979

Christopher G. Browning

引用次数: 0

Rachel Auerbach and the Eichmann Trial: A New Conception of Victims’ Testimonies 蕾切尔·奥尔巴赫与艾希曼审判:被害人证词的新概念

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2132730

Leora Bilsky

{"title":"Rachel Auerbach and the Eichmann Trial: A New Conception of Victims’ Testimonies","authors":"Leora Bilsky","doi":"10.1080/25785648.2022.2132730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25785648.2022.2132730","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since the 1990s, international criminal law has struggled to find the proper role for victims in mass-atrocities trials. Notwithstanding the rise of the victim-centered trial, victims still participate in these trials mainly as witnesses for the prosecution, but not as full and proactive participants. In this article, I return to the forgotten contribution of Rachel Auerbach (1903-1976), a Jewish-Polish journalist, historian, and Holocaust survivor, and explore her important contribution to the Eichmann Trial, where she helped shape a new paradigm of a victim-centered atrocity trial in the wake of World War II. Auerbach's vision for the trial, as I shall present in this article, can be understood as an early precursor of later developments in both international criminal law and, more broadly, in the field of transitional justice. The contribution of women to the development of international criminal law has been marginalized for many years. Similarly, Auerbach's contribution to the Eichmann Trial has long been viewed as merely technical, limited to finding relevant witnesses for the trial as part of her work as the director of the Testimony Collection Department of Yad Vashem. I show that Auerbach had a groundbreaking vision of the Eichmann Trial and of the way law should perceive victims' testimonies in such trials, based on her “translation” of the legacy of the clandestine Oyneg Shabes archive enterprise in the Warsaw ghetto into a legal setting. In her view, the trial would become victim-centered, not only due to the survivors' testimonies, but also because it would recognize their initiative and agency in promoting a new conception of testimony. I argue that her approach to victims' testimonies and its connection to the crime of cultural genocide are still highly relevant to the ongoing legal and historical discussion about atrocity trials.","PeriodicalId":422357,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Holocaust Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116616579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Eyewitness War Museum in the Netherlands: Spectacle, Experience, and Usurping the Witness 荷兰的目击者战争博物馆:奇观、体验和篡夺目击者

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2111508

Laura Morowitz

{"title":"The Eyewitness War Museum in the Netherlands: Spectacle, Experience, and Usurping the Witness","authors":"Laura Morowitz","doi":"10.1080/25785648.2022.2111508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25785648.2022.2111508","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since 2013, the Eyewitness War Museum (EWM) in Beek, the Netherlands, has been claiming to offer a ‘lifelike’ depiction of many of the central events of the years 1940 to 1945. While incorporating some video, soundtracks, and touchscreens, the heart of the museum is its thirteen largescale multifigure dioramas filled with war memorabilia, including uniforms, weapons, and everyday artifacts. Through the lifelike mannequins and the historical objects, the visitor is invited to ‘encounter’ and experience the events of the Second World War; so much so, that the visit promises to transform them into ‘eyewitnesses.’ In distinct contrast to numerous war and Holocaust museums that aim to involve the visitor as a ‘secondary witness’ through embodiment and self-reflection, the EWM visitor ‘experiences’ history as a captivating and consumable visual display, watching from a distanced position of spectatorship. Moreover, the ‘guide’ to the museum, an ‘ordinary’ German soldier, is fictional, while the items that surround him are authentic. After two decades of valorizing witnesses and the use of survivor testimony, museums like the EWM negate and downplay their value, labeling the commodified experience of the visitor equivalent to that of an historical ‘eyewitness.’ While exploring these issues, this article also provides a new tool in analyzing visitor responses by looking not at predetermined surveys—often designed by the very people who run the museums—but rather at more casual visitor responses in guidebooks and travel sites. Reviews on TripAdvisor and the travel platform izi.TRAVEL are explored to reveal the way that visitors perceive, remember, and interpret their experience in the museum.","PeriodicalId":422357,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Holocaust Research","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130449723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Cache of Family Letters and the Historiography of the Holocaust: Interpretive Reflections 家庭信件的宝库和大屠杀的史学:解释性的思考

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2122141

Shirli Gilbert

{"title":"A Cache of Family Letters and the Historiography of the Holocaust: Interpretive Reflections","authors":"Shirli Gilbert","doi":"10.1080/25785648.2022.2122141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25785648.2022.2122141","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Scholars of the Holocaust have long recognized that ordinary people’s accounts, by definition subjective and individual, can deepen our understanding of the experience and impact of the genocide. The distinctive value of personal letters, however, particularly collections of sustained correspondence among multiple writers, has not yet been fully appreciated or explored in Holocaust historiography. Over the past decade or so, more and more collections of personal correspondence relating to the Holocaust have been unearthed. Their distinctive form and burgeoning numbers stimulate questions about their potential historical significance and how, in both practical and analytical terms, they might most fruitfully be approached. Building on my longstanding work with the family letters of Rudolf Schwab, a German-Jewish refugee who eventually ended up in South Africa, I reflect in this essay on a series of methodological questions surrounding the use of such private collections in Holocaust historiography. How might they differ, as sources, from the many testimonies, diaries, and other ego-documents with which Holocaust historians already work? Are they simply another addition to this already vast archive? To what extent might they enrich, complicate, or even disrupt our prevailing understandings? What new perspectives might they offer scholars about the Holocaust, the experiences of refugees, and beyond?","PeriodicalId":422357,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Holocaust Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133375394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Pianos and Paintings from Transnistria: The Plunder of ‘Cultural Trophies’ During the Romanian Occupation (1941-1944) 德涅斯特河沿岸的钢琴和绘画:罗马尼亚占领期间(1941-1944)对“文化战利品”的掠夺

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2122140

Svetlana Suveica

引用次数: 1

Non-Jewish ‘Full Jews’: The Everyday Life of a Forgotten Group Within Nazi Germany 非犹太人的“完全犹太人”:纳粹德国被遗忘群体的日常生活

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2122142

Harry Legg

{"title":"Non-Jewish ‘Full Jews’: The Everyday Life of a Forgotten Group Within Nazi Germany","authors":"Harry Legg","doi":"10.1080/25785648.2022.2122142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25785648.2022.2122142","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The 1935 Nuremberg laws labeled individual Germans as ‘full racial Jews’ if they possessed a minimum of three grandparents who had ever been members of a Jewish congregation. This ‘group’ was chosen for discrimination and the self-identification of its members was ignored. Outside the realm of Nazi fantasies, the nonracial reality of ‘Jewishness’ had seen many Jews leave behind secular and religious Jewish identities, as well as interaction with Jewish communities. This paper presents the example of the Eisig family, a family of non-Jewish ‘full Jews.’ Several other examples are also examined, in order to capture the reality that the everyday lives of non-Jewish ‘Jews’ under Nazi persecution often could not have been more different from the lives of self-identifying Jews. These differences have received minimal attention in the current historiography. The family primarily discussed in this paper found itself caught between the ‘Aryan’ and Jewish spheres. Until then, their lives had been lived entirely alongside non-Jews, with whom they were now increasingly prohibited from having contact. Often lacking established relationships with Jews, they neither wanted nor were welcome to join the Jewish community. Before looking at the example of the Eisig family, this paper also reviews the English- and German-language publications on ‘Jewish’ everyday life under Nazism. Though non-Jewish ‘Jews’ receive inadvertent coverage in discussions of Nazi policy, their everyday life is almost completely absent from the literature, especially in English-language studies. The situation is much the same in the German literature, though there are some notable but ultimately insufficient exceptions. Alongside displaying the isolation that non-Jewish ‘Jews’ faced, and the latter’s historiographical omission, this paper also draws attention to the impact of two much under researched concepts within everyday life: wealth and status.","PeriodicalId":422357,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Holocaust Research","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133279032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Narratives of Resistance, Moral Compromise, and Perpetration: The Testimonies of Julia Brichta, Survivor of Ravensbrück 反抗、道德妥协与犯罪的叙事:ravensbr<e:1>事件幸存者茱莉亚·布里希塔的证词

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2116830

Gilly Carr

{"title":"Narratives of Resistance, Moral Compromise, and Perpetration: The Testimonies of Julia Brichta, Survivor of Ravensbrück","authors":"Gilly Carr","doi":"10.1080/25785648.2022.2116830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25785648.2022.2116830","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Julia Brichta, a Jewish–Hungarian refugee, came to the Channel Island of Guernsey in 1939, a year before the arrival of the German occupying forces. The story of what happened to her during the war in Ravensbrück was told in her own words on several occasions between 1945 and 1965, yet the specifics of her path to Ravensbrück and her role as a camp policewoman there, have hitherto been unclear. Based on surviving archival documents, this paper attempts to untangle the evidence to establish some of the facts behind this ‘grey zone’ survivor of the Holocaust. It examines Julia’s path towards Ravensbrück and the ways in which her pre-camp and camp experiences impacted the ways in which she narrated her story between 1945 and 1965. Whether she was a non-Jewish resistance heroine or a Jewish perpetrator who lied about her wartime activities, this paper argues that in the end, such judgments are simplistic and mask the complexity of survivor stories. Instead, seeking to understand changes in testimony over time based on the audience as well as pre-camp and camp experiences offers a more fruitful path of analysis.","PeriodicalId":422357,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Holocaust Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117149738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Passing on the Periphery: A Call for the Critical Reconsideration of Research on Identity ‘Passing’ as a Jewish Response to Persecution During the Holocaust 在外围传递:呼吁对身份“传递”作为犹太人对大屠杀期间迫害的反应的研究进行批判性的重新思考

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2022-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2062919

Hana G. Green

{"title":"Passing on the Periphery: A Call for the Critical Reconsideration of Research on Identity ‘Passing’ as a Jewish Response to Persecution During the Holocaust","authors":"Hana G. Green","doi":"10.1080/25785648.2022.2062919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25785648.2022.2062919","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article calls for a revisitation and reevaluation of passing experiences in Holocaust research and remembrance. In this article, passing denotes the concealing of one’s Jewish identity by adopting a non-Jewish, non-persecuted identity in the attempt to function as Gentile, ‘Aryan,’ or as a member of another, more protected group. In recent years, passing narratives have become more visible in Holocaust canon. However, these accounts are most often integrated into frameworks of hiding, resistance, and Gentile-directed rescue, if at all, and are largely discounted in Holocaust memory. Incorporating passing experiences as a mere element in dominant commemorative narratives of evasion and defiance elides the stories and experiences of individuals who attempted to survive in plain sight. Moreover, their exclusion and minimization preclude deeper inquiry into passing as a Jewish response to persecution. The diversity of experience among passers, as well as its day-to-day nuances, provide critical insight that helps us understand and engage with more diverse survival experiences during the Holocaust and offers greater insight into both the field at large and to broader interdisciplinary arenas. This article highlights the distinctiveness of passing as a method of survival, assesses the ways in which it has been silenced in broader perspectives, and comments on its place in Holocaust memory.","PeriodicalId":422357,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Holocaust Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131843448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forum: The Holocaust in Virtual Reality: Ethics and Possibilities 论坛:虚拟现实中的大屠杀:伦理和可能性

The Journal of Holocaust Research Pub Date : 2022-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/25785648.2022.2062920

J. Rich, M. Dack

引用次数: 1