Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories最新文献

{"title":"Learning the Tatar Language in Omsk Region in the 1990s – 2000s","authors":"A. Ilyina","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0800-0805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0800-0805","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the processes associated with learning the Tatar (literary) language in Omsk Region (in the regional capital and rural areas) in the 1990s - 2000s. The sources are the local media of the Omsk Irtysh region published in the 1990s -2000s, documents of the Tatar ethnic and cultural associations and interviews with their leaders, as well as statistical data. The situation with studying the Tatar language in that period is described separately for the regional capital and districts of Omsk Region. The article provides the data on the number of schools where the Tatar language was taught, number of students who studied it, and process of organizing education and training of teachers.Some current problems of studying the Tatar language in the Omsk Irtysh region are described, including a small number of students who attended the Tatar language elective courses in Omsk, lack of experienced teaching staff, shortage of teachers, and insufficient funding. It had been established that the main form of studying the native language for the Omsk Tatars were elective courses, while in the districts of Omsk Region, the Tatar language was included in the school curriculum as a school subject. The Tatar ethnic and cultural associations played an important role in organization of teaching the native language in the schools of Omsk and Omsk Region. Tatar activists closely monitored the situation, quickly responded to requests from Tatars to teach the Tatar language in schools, kept statistical data, and elaborated the “Program for Tatar Language Preservation for the Period from 1999 to 2003 in Omsk Region.”","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125589061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Cases of Scalping in the Burials of the Late Krotovo (Chernoozyorie) Culture at the Tartas-1 Burial Ground","authors":"O. V. Batanina","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.321-327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.321-327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129126673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clay Objects from the Irtysh Region and Southwestern Manchuria. Unexpected Parallels or Accidental Similarities?","authors":"A. I. Solovyev","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.597-601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.597-601","url":null,"abstract":"Осенью 2019 г. среди материалов музея г. Чаоян (КНР) было встречено керамическое изделие, типологически очень близкое предмету глиняной пластики, который обнаружен на пос. Новотроицкое-1 в лесном Прииртышье. Изделие из Китая сохранилось гораздо лучше, чем предмет из Сибири, что позволяет реконструировать утраченные детали последнего. Основой обоих изделий является резко изогнутая почти под прямым углом глиняная трубка, наружная поверхность которой оформлена в виде животного. В китайской традиции изделие трактуется как изображение дракона. Общие пропорции изделия из Сибири вместе с гребнем, который начинается в верхней трети шеи, переходит на морду и продолжается по всей ее длине, вкупе с особенностями орнаментации позволяют рассматривать новотроицкую находку и с этих позиций. Устройство изделия, выполненного в виде трубки, предполагает его использование для перемещения некоторой воздушной массы, насыщенной, например, парами воды, продуктами горения или даже эфирными маслами. Последнее могло использоваться в ходе обрядовых действий для эффекта извержения из верхней части трубки, изображающей пасть, струи дыма или галлюциногенных испарений, что могло произвести наибольшее впечатление в зрелищном акте ритуальных мистерий. Вместе с тем для территории Сибири в данном случае может остаться в силе и ранее предложенная трактовка находки из пос. Новотроицкое-1 как изображения лошади. Сам факт обнаружения изделия у очага авторы находки и прежних публикаций склонны связывать с той ролью, которую играло это животное в верованиях людей раннего железного века, прежде всего, в производственных культах. Учитывая то, что сходство обоих предметов выходит за рамки случайных совпадений и что они едва ли могли быть простым объектом обмена, их можно рассматривать как свидетельство экспорта серии мировоззренческих идей независимо от того, чей образ воспроизводят фигурки – дракона или же огнедышащей лошади. Пути этой трансляции следует видеть в восточном векторе связей, опосредованном развитием торговых контактов и распространением товаров.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134207580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Chronology and Cultural Attribution of Archaeological Complexes at the Moiltyn Am Site in Central Mongolia","authors":"A. Khatsenovich, E. Rybin, D. Bazargur, D. V. Marchenko, J. Ge, I.D. Dolgushin, T. Shevchenko, S. Kogai, B. Gunchinsuren, J. Olsen","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.269-275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.269-275","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132656632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rescue Archaeological Excavations at the Sarapulka Site: New Archaeological Object of the Verkhneobskaya Culture at the Inya River","authors":"A. Dudko, G. Markovsky, A. Grishin, Y. Vasilyeva","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.778-782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.778-782","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116644567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levallois Technology in China","authors":"A. Khatsenovich, D. V. Marchenko, E. P. Rybin","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0314-0320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0314-0320","url":null,"abstract":"Levallois technology dispersal is associated with several events of human habitation of the Asian region. Emergence of the Levallois technology in China precedes or coincides in time with the penetration of Initial Upper Paleolithic laminar industries into this region. All known Paleolithic localities, the assemblages of which include the Levallois component, are located in the border or adjacent zones in the modern China. The authors examine all these complexes and make an assumption about the nature of the Levallois technology introduced from the territories of the Russian Altai, Mongolia and India. Such complexes are dated to the terminal Middle Paleolithic and the initial Upper Paleolithic. In general, this period in China is characterized by a flake industry, often made on poor quality stone raw materials. In this region, three Levallois techniques are distinguished: preferential centripetal and parallel for the production of flakes and convergent unidirectional for the production of points. The convergent bidirectional reduction aimed at point production is not recorded in assemblages originating from the territory of China. In Mongolia, this technique is recorded along with the bidirectional parallel laminar technology in the Initial Upper Paleolithic industries, while in China both Levallois point and blade production techniques were unidirectional. The authors conclude that for most of the Paleolithic sites in China, the Levallois technology is an intrusive element that emerged along with the large blade industry. The exception is the Middle Paleolithic flake industry originating from the Jinsitai Cave, which is similar in its characteristics to the materials from the Denisova Cave. The composition of Xinjiang industries indicates that this territory was a kind of region where cultural complexes spread together with the bearers of these traditions along the Altai Mountains.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123883048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and Production Areas of the Krotovо Culture at the Ust-Tartas-2 Site","authors":"V. Molodin, S. Hansen, L. Mylnikova, L. S. Kobeleva, M. S. Nesterova, D. Nenakhov, I. Durakov, A. A. Idimeshev, G. Galyamina, L. V. Nazarova","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.478-488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.478-488","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124402586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper Paleolithic Ornaments from the South Chamber of Denisova Cave: 2021 Collection","authors":"M. Shunkov, A. Fedorchenko, M. Kozlikin","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0362-0368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0362-0368","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a new collection of the Early Upper Paleolithic personal ornaments from layer 11 in the South Chamber of Denisova Cave. The collection contains items of several types: a flat round bone bead, pendants made of teeth of predators and ungulates with cutting and perforation, a pendant from a freshwater mollusk shell with a hole, a fragment of a bracelet, a ring and a pendant with cutting made of marble, a small flake from serpentine. As a result of the study, the technologies for ornament production were reconstructed, the main methods of their use were determined, and examples of ornaments reshaping for using according to a new function were recorded. The technology for the teeth pendants production included a short sequence of operations: obtaining blanks, processing by planing or scraping, applying circular cuts or perforating by drilling. The production of flat beads was carried out by cutting out elongated plates from the walls of the tubular bone of large mammals, preparing blanks by planing, cutting out preforms, biconical drilling and grinding. The finished pendants and beads were massively used to decorate clothes and as personal apparel. The technology for the production of ornaments from marble involved a short or longer sequence of actions. To create the most complex marble products, i.e. rings and bracelets, a similar technological sequence was used, including the selection and transportation of raw materials, perforation followed by boring of the resulting hole, grinding, and polishing. Rings and bracelets were used as apparel, and probably had a special status.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"578-579 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128041645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lithic Industries of the Middle and Upper Paleolithic from the South Chamber of Denisova Cave: Evidence of 2019","authors":"M. Shunkov, M. Kozlikin, A. Fedorchenko, V. Mikhienko, A. Chekha, A. Chekha","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.299-305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.299-305","url":null,"abstract":"В статье представлены результаты технико-типологического анализа новых палеолитических материалов из верхней части плейстоценовой толщи в южной галерее Денисовой пещеры. В 2019 г. в центральной части галереи на площади 12 м2 были изучены осадки литологических слоев 11 и 12. Согласно результатам ОСЛдатирования, слой 12 накапливался на протяжении стадии 4 морской кислородно-изотопной шкалы и в начале МИС 3. Коллекция каменных артефактов из слоя 12 насчитывает 761 экз. Среднепалеолитическая индустрия из этого слоя характеризуется различными вариантами леваллуазского, параллельного и радиального расщепления, представленными монофронтальными однои двуплощадочными нуклеусами. Типологическую основу инвентаря составляют продольные, поперечные и конвергентные модификации скребел. В орудийном наборе отмечены мустьерские остроконечники, зубчатые и выемчатые изделия, верхнепалеолитические формы, а также тронкированно-фасетированные и вентрально утонченные сколы. Результаты 14С AMS-датирования образцов кости и угля из слоя 11 показали, что возраст этих отложений связан с первой половиной МИС 3. Каменная индустрия ранней стадии верхнего палеолита из слоя 11 насчитывает 525 экз. Для первичного расщепления в этой индустрии характерно параллельное раскалывание, направленное на получение удлиненных отщепов, крупных пластин и мелких пластинок. В числе орудий отмечены миниатюрные скребки, угловой и срединный резцы, ретушированные пластины с хорошо выраженной верхнепалеолитической морфологией и серия тщательно оформленных тонких листовидных бифасов. Вместе с каменной индустрией обнаружены костяные орудия и представительный набор разнообразных персональных украшений.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129407065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palynological Research in the Tobolsk Irtysh Region","authors":"E. Zagvazdin, N. Rudaya","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.396-401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.396-401","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130629625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}