Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories最新文献

{"title":"Bronze Age Burial of a Potter (Tartas-1, Baraba Forest Steppe)","authors":"L. Mylnikova, V. Molodin, I. Durakov, Y. Nenakhova, N. S. Efremova, S. Hansen, L. S. Kobeleva, D. V. Selin, D. Nenakhov","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.507-515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.507-515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124467589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petroglyphs of Taiwan","authors":"S. Komissarov, Y. Azarenko","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.409-414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.409-414","url":null,"abstract":"Представлен обзор памятников наскального искусства на о-ве Тайвань, который не всегда был островом. Сухопутный мост с материком существовал в рамках последнего ледникового максимума (примерно 25–12 тыс. л.н.), а возможно, и до 6–5,5 тыс. л.н., по нему проникали на Тайвань представители плейстоценовой фауны, за которыми шли охотники. Заселение острова с материка продолжалось и в эпоху голоцена, чему способствовали небольшая глубина пролива и вероятное наличие навигационных средств, уже довольно развитых в каменном веке. Петроглифы, открытые лишь в конце 1970-х – начале 1980-х гг. в горной местности Ваньтоуланьшань (у. Гаосюн) на юго-западе острова, сходные с наскальной живописью Фуцзяни и Гонконга и предварительно датированные эпохой палеометалла, можно считать свидетельством таких ранних миграций. Все они сконцентрированы в долине небольшой реки Чжокоу, связанной с системой других рек, по которым лодки могли продвигаться во внутренние районы. Для раскрытия семантики некоторых изображений привлекались предания обитающих в данной местности аборигенных племен рукая, у которых отмечено почитание петроглифов как священных объектов; вероятно, с их ритуальной деятельностью связаны кострища возле памятников, уголь из которых датирован по радиокарбону периодом 480–520 л.н. По набору сюжетов и отчасти технике их исполнения выбивки и гравировки на скалах Тайваня входят в обширную зону тихоокеанского наскального искусства, в рамках которой не исключены и более ранние даты, и новые находки. Перспективными для поиска ранних памятников с изображениями являются карстовые пещеры в горных районах острова.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127623972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dogs in Funerary Practices of the Murong Xianbei","authors":"М.А. Kudinova","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0497-0502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0497-0502","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the evidence on the role of dogs in the funeral rite of the Murongs — one of the Xianbei tribes which inhabited Southern Manchuria in the 3rd—5th centuries AD. It has been established that despite the reports of Chinese written sources on burning the sacrificial animals during the funeral ritual, the early Xianbi also had a practice of accompanying burials of dogs (whole bodies or heads). According to the evidence from the burials of the late 3rd — early 5 th centuries, dogs continued to play an important role in the Murong funerary rituals. The most representative complex is the tomb of Feng Sufu’s wife (415) in Beipiao County in Chaoyang Municipality of Liaoning Province, which contained the accompanying burial of two dogs as well as images of dogs in wall paintings. The burial of dog’s head and paws was also discovered in tomb 74AGM154, dated to the late 3rd — mid 4th centuries AD, near Xiaomingtun village in Anyang Municipality of Henan Province. The image of a dog made in extremely similar style to the murals from the tomb of Feng Sufu’s wife, was found in the elite tomb No. 1 near Beimiao village, west of Chaoyang City in Liaoning Province. It has been shown that burials according to the traditional rite of the Murong Xianbei were also typical for the representatives of other ethnic groups, including the Northern Yan aristocrat Feng Sufu. He came from a noble Chinese (Han) clan which was under strong cultural influence of the Murong Xianbei. The funeral rite of the Murongs also underwent transformations associated with influence of the Chinese (Han) culture, which found its expression in the spread of tomb murals.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114210347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture of the Gaya Kingdoms in the South of the Korean Peninsula: Excavations at the Gyodong-Songhyeondong Site in 2019","authors":"I. Gnezdilova, A. Nesterkina, E. A. Solovyeva, A. I. Solovyev","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.375-380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.375-380","url":null,"abstract":"В апреле 2019 г. сотрудники сектора зарубежной археологии ИАЭТ СО РАН приняли участие в раскопках опорного памятника культуры Кая на территории Кореи. Объектом работ стал курганный могильник Кёдон-Сонхёндон, расположенный на юго-востоке Корейского п-ва в границах поселка Чханнён. Здесь сосредоточено более 140 курганных сооружений, образующих группы: небольшие по размерам объекты концентрируются на периферии больших насыпей. Цель проводимых работ – получение новых данных о культуре каяских царств на юге Корейского п-ва. Археологические раскопки проходили на участке II, где расположена группа из 27 археологических объектов. К интересующему исследователей времени относятся 23 объекта – 8 курганов и 15 каменных ящиков без насыпей. Центральным объектом группы является большой кург. No 39. В ходе археологических раскопок, проводящихся на данном участке с 2016–2019 гг., был раскопан кург. No 39, а также ряд расположенных на его периферии каменных ящиков. В результате работ удалось установить особенности конструкции курганной насыпи, погребальной камеры и получить выразительную коллекцию артефактов. Курганные насыпи сооружались с учетом особенностей микрорельефа и с тем расчетом, чтобы предотвратить их разрушение в результате сползания со склона. Погребальные камеры имеют типичную для культуры Кая конструкцию: подпрямоугольную в плане форму, стенки из каменных плиток и вход в одной из боковых стенок. В погребальном инвентаре присутствуют черты, характерные как для культуры Кая, так и для культуры царства Силла. Однако поскольку на могильнике преобладают именно каяские черты, можно с уверенностью говорить о его принадлежности к культуре царства Пихва Кая, которое, судя по письменным источникам, существовало в этом районе в III–VI вв. до завоевания царством Силла.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114226915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Altai System of Clans: The Outcomes of Its Transformation","authors":"A. P. Chemchieva","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.754-758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.754-758","url":null,"abstract":"Статья раскрывает главные линии развития института алтайского рода в период с середины XIX в. до настоящего времени. Качественные изменения института алтайского рода рассматриваются в контексте трех исторических периодов: досоветского, советского и постсоветского. На основе этнографических материалов проведен анализ исходного состояния института алтайского рода накануне его трансформационных перемен. Выявлено, что основными признаками алтайского рода являются: общий предок-родоначальник, патрилинейность, дислокальность, экзогамия, наличие культа и ощущение взаимопринадлежности. Установлено, что институт алтайского рода осуществлял несколько важных функций: административно-организационную, управленческую, регуляции семейно-брачных отношений, сохранения родового культа. Указывается, что со второй половины XIX в. устои алтайского рода стали расшатываться. Постепенная интеграция коренного населения в систему общероссийских отношений оказала на функционирование института разрушающее воздействие. Значительную роль в отходе части коренного населения от родового быта и родовых представлений сыграл процесс обращения коренного населения в православие. Важным фактором, дестабилизировавшим функционирование алтайского рода, стало упразднение родового принципа в административном устройстве коренного населения. Восприятие в советский период алтайского рода как «пережитка» способствовало его дальнейшей деформации. Коренные изменения, произошедшие в Горном Алтае, привели к преобразованию института алтайского рода и исчезновению некоторых его социальных функций. В постсоветский период институт алтайского рода получил общественное признание. Материалы приведенных эмпирических исследований свидетельствуют, что основная масса коренного населения Горного Алтая сохраняет свою родовую идентичность. Главной функцией алтайского рода в наши дни является регулирование семейно-брачных отношений. В работе делается вывод, что институт алтайского рода проявил большую устойчивость к внешним воздействиям и сумел приспособиться к изменившимся обстоятельствам.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126911352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burial Rite of Stone Cists of the Early Metal Period in Korea and Japan","authors":"A. Nesterkina, E. A. Solovyeva","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0581-0587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0581-0587","url":null,"abstract":"During the early metal period (10th century BC-3rd century AD), burials in stone structures such as dolmens and stone cists became widespread in Korea and Japan. Burials in stone cists represent a unique and poorly studied theme of the burial culture of the ancient population of these regions. The purpose of this work is a comprehensive analysis of the funeral rite of burials in stone cists in South Korea and Japan. The basic site for the study of burials in stone cists in the territory of Korea is Daepyeongri near Jinju city. Similar burials in stone cists are also noted at the sites of Jouno, Yoshinogari, and Doigahama in Western Japan. The study of the funeral rite of burials in stone cists at these sites revealed the identity of the construction and some features of the funeral rite of these structures. Stone cists are sub-rectangular in the plan built of stone slabs placed on the edge, also with stone slabs on the floor and as overlaps. The dimensions of the cists generally correspond to the height of the buried persons. Burials contained therein were performed, in most cases, according to the rite of the corpse placement on the back. The buried persons lie with their head to the south or east, their arms and legs bent. There is no clear differentiation in the grave goods between male and female burials. It is assumed that a single case of partial burial in Korea is associated with contacts with neighboring Japan. Some features of burial rites may indicate special social status of the buried person: the use of cinnabar, picturesque images on grave ceilings. The presence of the children’s burials in the stone cists in both Korea and Japan refutes the persistent opinion that children were buried only in ceramic urn pots and indicates that social status of some children was equal to the adult members of society at that time.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126666656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Composition of the Early Upper Paleolithic Stone Industry from the Ushbulak Site Based on Experimental Data","authors":"V. Kharevich, A. Anoikin","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.261-268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.261-268","url":null,"abstract":"В статье представлены результаты изучения процесса производства пластин в каменной индустрии слоев 6 и 7 верхнепалеолитической стоянки Ушбулак (Восточный Казахстан) на основе анализа продуктов отдельных этапов первичного расщепления. Согласно имеющимся датировкам (~ 45–36 тыс. л.н.) и индустриальному облику, археологический комплекс слоев 6, 7 относится к начальным этапам верхнего палеолита. Состав каменной индустрии позволил определить функциональное назначение стоянки как мастерской по производству пластин. В основу исследования был положен сравнительный анализ археологических и экспериментальных продуктов расщепления, полученных при моделировании технологии производства пластин в каменной индустрии слоев 6, 7. Применялись атрибутивный подход и методы непараметрической статистики (U-критерий Манна–Уитни и Хи-квадрат Пирсона). Анализ коллекции экспериментальных изделий позволил выявить сколы, маркирующие стадию оформления преформ нуклеусов из блоков сырья. Для этих сколов характерны крупные размеры, сохранение галечной или желвачной корки на дорсальной поверхности и зачастую отсутствие подготовленной ударной площадки. Сопоставление экспериментальной коллекции, отражающей полный цикл производства пластин, с археологической коллекцией демонстрирует значительные различия между ними. В то же время экспериментальная выборка, из которой были исключены сколы первичного оформления пренуклеусов, практически идентична коллекции отщепов из каменной индустрии слоев 6, 7 стоянки. Можно утверждать, что первичная подготовка пренуклеусов производилась за пределами вскрытого раскопами участка, видимо, непосредственно на выходах сырья, а подготовленные преформы приносились на территорию стоянки в уже готовом виде.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127660881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Distribution of Burial Grounds of the Early Bronze Age–Middle Ages in the Central Baraba Lowland","authors":"A. Nikulina, I. Zolnikov, O. Novikova","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.528-535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.528-535","url":null,"abstract":". DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2016-912-6-35-43 Fedorova E.G. Reka v pogrebalnoy obryadnosti narodov Sibiri. In Reki i norody Sibiri: sbornik nauchnyh statei. St. Petersburg: Nauka, 2007, pp. 216–237 (in Russ.). Kuzmin Y.V., Sofeikov O.V., Zolnikov I.D., Chupina D.A., Novikova O.I., Nikulina A.V., Anufriev D.E. Adaptatsiya drevnego naseleniya tsentralnoi chasti Barabinskoi lesostepi (Zapadnaya Sibir) k prirodnym usloviyam v golotsene: analiz na osnove GIS-tekhnologiy. Trudy IV (XX) Vserossiiskogo arkheologicheskogo s’ezda v Kazani. Kazan: Otechestvo, 2014, vol. 4, pp. 320–323 (in Russ.). Kuzmin Y.V., Zolnikov I.D., Novikova O.I., Glushkova N.V., Chupina D.A., Sofeikov O.V., Anufriev D.E., Dementiev V.N. Analysis of spatial distribution of archaeological sites in the central Baraba Forest Steppe (Vengerovo County, Novosibirsk Province) based on GIS technologies. Novosibirsk State University Bulletin, vol. 12, iss. 7, pp. 87–96 (in Russ. with Engl. abstract). Molodin V.I., Novikov A.V. Arheologicheskie pamyatniki Vengerovskogo raiona Novosibirskoy oblasti. Novosibirsk: NPC po sohraneniu istoriko-kulturnogo nasledia, 1998, 140 p. (in Russ.). Molodin V.I. , Novikov A.V., Sofeikov O.V. Arheologicheskie pamyatniki Zdvinskogo raiona Novosibirskoy oblasti. Novosibirsk: NPC po sokhraneniu istoriko-kulturnogo nasledia, 2000, 224 p. (in Russ.). Molodin V.I., Soloviev A.I., Chemyakina M.A., Sumin V.A., Anufriev D.E., Evteeva E.M., Knyazev A.O., Kravchenko E.V. Arheologicheskie pamyatniki Chanovskogo raiona Novosibirskoy oblasti. Novosibirsk: NPC po sohraneniu istoriko-kulturnogo nasledia, 2011, 258 p. (in Russ.). Nikulina A.V. GIS-based analysis of settlement patterns for the central Baraba Lowland (Western Siberia, Russia) in relation to climatic conditions of the Middle – Late Holocene. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2019, No. 4, pp. 302–312. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.01.018 Nikulina A.V., Zolnikov I.D., Kuzmin Y.V., Sofeikov O.V., Chupina D.A., Glushkova N.V., Pchelnikov D.V. Methodology of GIS-based spatial analysis of the Bronze Age, the Early Iron Age and the Medieval settlements in the central part of the Baraba Lowland. Tomsk State University Journal, 2018, No. 428, pp. 117–125 (in Russ. with Engl. abstract). DOI: 10.17223/15617793/428/16 Zaitceva E.A. Prognozirovanie raspolozhenia ob”ektov arheologii s primeneniem GIS i DDZ (GISand Remote Sensing-based predictive modelling of archaeological sites distribution). Trudy IV (XX) Vserossiiskogo arkheologicheskogo s’ezda v Kazani. Kazan: Otechestvo, 2014, vol. 4, pp. 399–401 (in Russ.). Zolnikov I.D., Postnov A.V., Lyamina V.A., Slavinski V.S., Chupina D.A. Geoinformation modeling of environments favorable for prehistoric humans of the Altai Mountains. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, 2013, No. 3, pp. 40–47. URL: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.aeae.2014.03.006 Никулина А.В. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4456-0942 Зольников И.Д. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1178-5707 Но","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129520899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unenker – a Paleolithic Site of the Khengerekte-Sukhotino Culture in the Transbaikal Region","authors":"V. Tashak, E. V. Kovychev","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0259-0265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0259-0265","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has shown that the stone industries of the Barun-Alan-1 site (lower level of layer 6, level 6/7, and layer 7) in the Western Transbaikal region and Sukhotino-4 site in the Eastern Transbaikal region belong to the same Khengerekte-Sukhotino culture. The earliest layers containing the evidence of this culture at the Barun-Alan-1 site are associated with the Final Early Upper Palaeolithic, while the latest layer were dated to the Final Upper Palaeolithic. It was believed that the area of this archaeological culture had the western boundary in Barun-Alan-1 and eastern boundary in Sukhotino-4 253 km to the east. Works in the archives of the Transbaikal State University in Chita have made it possible to identify similar features in the industries of Sukhotino-4 and Unenker located in the lower part of the Ingoda River valley (130 km to the east from Sukhotino-4). Field research at the Unenker site was conducted in 1984. Presently, the evidence of the Paleolithic Unenker site has been analyzed in detail. It has been discovered that stone artifacts from Unenker were identical to artifacts from Sukhotino-4 in terms of morphology and methods of tool production. The fact that the Unenker site belongs to the Khengerekte-Sukhotino culture makes it possible to expand the boundaries of the area where this culture was spread 130 km to the east. Judging by the geographical position of the Unenker and Sukhotino-4 sites, the Ingoda River valley should be considered as the most promising area in search for new sites of the Khengerekte-Sukhotino culture. Since the study of this culture is still at the early stage, the research problems to be addressed include the origin of this culture, directions of its expansion, specific regional features, etc.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132732072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Medieval Burial near the Bolshaya Tavdinskaya Cave (Northern Altai)","authors":"P. Shulga, G. V. Kubarev","doi":"10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0747-0753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0747-0753","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the publication of early medieval burial materials near the Bolshaya Tavdinskaya Cave in the downstream section of Katun River in Altai. The burial was made according to the rite of inhumation accompanied by a horse under a mound with crepida (base of large stones). The buried teenager’s head was oriented to the east with a slight deviation to the north, but the accompanying horse—in the opposite direction. The representative accompanying inventory, confirming the high social and property status of the buried, included items, such as stirrup, iron snaffles with horn cheekpieces, a plaque decorated belt of the “Katanda” type, kochedyk, etc. Parallels to the accompanying grave goods from the Tavda burial and, in particular, parallels to the stirrup and iron snaffles with horn cheekpieces allow dating the burial complex to the 7th century AD. Only one stirrup found in the burial can be considered as a feature of the funeral rite associated with the use of incomplete or intentionally broken things. Usually, researchers attribute the burials with a horse in Altai to the ancient Turks or to the so-called Turkic culture. However, a critical look at the information obtained from the Chinese sources in the translations of various sinologists makes it possible to attribute the burials with a horse in Altai mainly to the Karluks. Thus, for example, the text of the Chinese chronicle unequivocally emphasizes that, in the middle of the 8th century, one of two groups of Karluks who remained independent from Uyghurs, led a nomadic life in Altai, and that the Karluk Yabghu, received the title “Prince of Altai” from the Chinese authorities to confirm his status quo. In the second half of the 1st millennium, a heterogeneous ethnic picture was formed in Altai: the Karluks lived there together with the people from the Az tribe, the Turks of the Chebi tribe and, probably, the Pugu Tele tribe. An early medieval burial excavated near the Bolshaya Tavdinskaya Cave, among others, marks the northern border of the Karluk horse burials spread.","PeriodicalId":422280,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131817379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}