哈卡斯共和国阿斯基斯克地区Kazanovka-14遗址的塔什提克文化考古资料

A. Vybornov, S. Kogai, A. Kravtsova, A. Timoshchenko
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摘要

介绍了2021年卡扎诺夫卡-14遗址考古发掘的一般情况。该项目位于阿斯基兹河右岸,位于Abakansky山脉山麓漫滩上方的一个小高地上。2020年,对营地附近Kazanovka-12墓地的青铜时代晚期土丘和塔加尔文化进行了调查。该遗址由沉积在冲积羽流上的文化层组成,距离现在的地表相对较浅。文化层包括散落的文物和骨材料,以及一系列陶器容器的烧毁建筑的遗迹。考古材料的沉积不均匀,有孤立的动物骨骼集中点,包括加工过的骨骼。考古组合包括各种各样的陶瓷(不同大小的容器,(主要是开放式的,有一个凹陷的圆形边缘,顶部有悬挂三角形,半圆形和三角形凹痕的装饰),武器(通常由骨头制成的箭头,细长菱形,金属,分层;装甲板的碎片),衣服的碎片(腰带盖板)。在这些发现中,带有雕刻图像的砂岩瓷砖脱颖而出。根据这些复杂的发现,该遗址可以追溯到塔什提克时代的后期(公元1千年中期)。考古人员挖掘并检查了残存的定居点外围地区,那里保存着活跃的骨雕刻和可能的陶瓷生产的证据。考虑到在哈卡斯-米努辛斯克盆地调查的定居点数量很少,Kazanovka-14提供了独特的机会来描述塔什提克人口的经济生活,并将从地洞中已知的家庭和丧葬物品群联系起来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Archeological Materials of the Tashtyk Culture at the Kazanovka-14 Site in the Askizsk District of the Khakassia Republic
General information on archaeological excavations at the Kazanovka-14 site in 2021 is presented. The site is located on the right bank of the Askiz river on a small elevation above the floodplain at the foothills of the Abakansky mountain range. In 2020, mounds of the Late Bronze Age and Tagar culture of the Kazanovka-12 burial ground in the immediate vicinity of the camp were investigated. The site consists of a cultural layer deposited on a dealluvialplume at a relatively shallow depth from the present day surface. The cultural layer includes both scattered artifacts and bone material as well as the remains of a burnt construction with a series of pottery vessels. The archaeological material is unevenly deposited, with isolated concentration spots of animal bones, including processed bones. The archeological assemblage includes various ceramics (vessels of the different sizes, (mainly of the opened form, with a recessed and rounded rim, ornamentation of the top part in the form of dangling triangles, semicircular and triangular indentations), weaponry (arrowheads made of bone, as a rule, elongated-rhombic, and metal, tiered; fragment of an armor plate), fragments of clothing (belt cover plates). Among the finds, sandstone tiles with carved images stand out. On the basis of the finds complex, the site dates to the later stages of the Tashtyk epoch (middle of the 1st millenium A.D.). The surviving outskirts of the settlement, with preserved evidence of active bone carving and possibly ceramic production were excavated and examined. Given the small number of investigated settlement sites in the Khakass-Minusinsk Basin, Kazanovka-14 represents unique opportunities to characterize the economic life of the Tashtyk population and correlate the household and funerary object complexes known from the crypts.
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