African Journal of Neurological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Auditing the attitude and knowledge of parents of children with febrile seizures","authors":"Adel M. Zeglam, Suad Al-Hmadi, Asaad G. Beshish","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V29I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V29I1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction  Febrile seizures are the most common seizure disorder in children. Most studies on the knowledge, attitude and practice towards children with febrile seizures have been taken in western countries. Little is known on the knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers regarding febrile seizures in Tripoli, Libya. Aims  Most parents witnessing their child’s first febrile seizures find it a frightening experience and a significant number think that their child is going to die. In their panic parent’s initial reaction are often inappropriate. It is recommended that parents should be taught how to cope with the recurrence by explaining the pathophysiology of the condition and give written information about the condition and its managements. The aim of the audit is to assess the attitude and knowledge of parents of children with febrile seizures before and after the introduction of the information leaflets regarding febrile seizures. Method  The parents of all children in the study period (2007 & 2008) admitted to Paediatric ward Al-Khadra hospital Tripoli, Libya with diagnostic code for febrile seizures were interviewed. A well prepared questionnaire was completed by parents of each child admitted with diagnostic code for febrile seizures. Total number of children admitted to the Pediatric ward in 2007 was 1506 of which 126 were diagnosed as Febrile Seizures (7.9%), and were selected randomly. Total number of children admitted to the Pediatric ward in 2008 were 1849 of which 113 were diagnosed as Febrile Seizures (6.1%), and were selected randomly. 11 out of 113 had recurrent episodes of febrile seizures. An organized and comparative prospective study was done to obtain the results before and after the introduction of the information leaflet. Results  The population sample was generally a mixture of urban and rural civilians with average level of education and employment. The majority of febrile seizure cases that were admitted to our department in 2007 & 2008 were found to be of equal sex incidence. The peak age for febrile seizures in patients that were included in this study were found to be between 5-12 months representing (44%) in 2007 & (29%) in 2008. The attitude of mothers before and after the introduction of the information leaflet did not change significantly. Their practice, however, were still inappropriate. Conclusion  Parents of children being treated for febrile seizures had a variety of different answers when asked to describe their action when their child had a fit. Our study suggests clues regarding parent’s anxiety and fear when witnessing a seizure. These include: Lack of Knowledge about the disease and lack of education regarding first aid and basic life support. This study is limited by the relatively small sample size. The study results do however describe prevalent views of the disease and provide indications regarding the connection between education, knowledge, and attitude of parents of children with febrile seizur","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/AJNS.V29I1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70467171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiologie Et Devenir Des Paraplegiques Reeduques Au Cnhu De Cotonou","authors":"Gd Kapadonou, E. Fiossi-Kpadonou, E. Alagnide, Gd Avode, H. Odoulami","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V26I2.7599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V26I2.7599","url":null,"abstract":"Description \u0000Si dans les pays industrialises, le pronostic vital, les capacites fonctionnelles et l'esperance de vie des paraplegiques se sont ameliores, en Afrique, leur devenir est encore incertain.\u0000\u0000Objectif \u0000Analyser le devenir des paraplegiques suivis en reeducation hospitaliere a Cotonou de 1999 a 2003, et apres retour a domicile.\u0000\u0000Methode \u0000c'est une etude retrospective, descriptive portant sur 40 paraplegiques adultes traites de 1999 a 2003 et reexamines en fevrier 2004 pour evaluer leur devenir.\u0000\u0000Resultats \u000065% des patients etaient hommes et 35% de femmes de sex-ratio 1,8 et d'âge moyen 42, 8 ans,. Les etiologies sont dominees par le traumatisme (37,5%), les tumeurs (22,5%), la hernie discale operee (22,5%). 57,5% des patients ont presente des troubles vesicosphincteriens. Spasticite et escarres ont ete frequentes chez les patients. Les niveaux lesionnels medullaires (thoraciques et lombaires hauts) ont ete de 50% et queue de cheval 50%. Neuf mois a trois ans apres leur retour a domicile, 32,5% des patients sont decedes dont 69% de causes tumorales. Parmi les survivants, 18,5% ont marche ; 28,5 % avec appareillage, 52% condamnes au fauteuil roulant. Le retour a domicile avec la participation de la famille a ete possible pour 92% ; mais 66,7% des survivants n'ont joui ni de reconversion ni de reinsertion professionnelle.\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Le devenir des paraplegiques reeduques au CNHU de Cotonou a ete fortement marque par l'issue fatale. Aux survivants se sont poses des problemes de reinsertion professionnelle dont la resolution depasse le cadre restreint de la solidarite africaine.\u0000\u0000 Background \u0000If in industrialized countries, vital prognosis, functional capacities and life expectancy of paraplegics improved, their becoming is still unsettled in Africa.\u0000\u0000Objective \u0000to analyse the becoming of patients with paraplegia rehabilitated at CNHU in Cotonou, from 1999 to 2003 and after their returning back home.\u0000\u0000Method \u0000It is a retrospective study aimed to be descriptive, done with 40 adults with paraplegia, followed from 1999 to 2003 and seen again in February 2004 to appreciate their becoming.\u0000\u0000Results \u000065% of patients were men and 35% women; sex-ratio about 1.8 and 42.8 years as average age; most of them still being in professional activity. Aetiologies were prevailed by traumatism (37. 5%), tumor (22. 5%) and operated discal hernia (22. 5%). On 57. 5% cases, urinary disorders were present with paraplegia. Spasticity and eschars were frequently developed by patients. Levels were spinal cord injuries (thoracic and lumbar high) 50% and ponytail 50%. Nine months to three years after their returning back home, 32. 5% of patients died, 69 % of them with neoplasia. 18. 5% of survivors were able to walk, 29. 5% with artificial limb supply, 52% condemned to use wheel chair. Returning back home with the participation of the family was possible for 92% of patients. Neither professional reinsertion nor reconversion was possible for 66. 7% of survivors.\u0000\u0000Concl","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Associated With Epilepsy In A Rural Area In Cameroon: A Preliminary Study","authors":"A. Njamnshi, V. Sini, V. Djientcheu, P. Ongolo-Zogo, Y. Mapoure, F. Yepnjio, T. Echouffo, R. Zebaze, R. Meli, G. Atchou, L. Dongmo, W. Muna","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V26I2.7595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V26I2.7595","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000An epileptic area with very high endemicity has been described in Bilomo, a village near Yaounde, the capital city of Cameroon.\u0000\u0000Purpose \u0000This study was carried out to determine some of the risk and precipitating factors associated with epilepsy in Bilomo.\u0000\u0000Patients and Methods \u0000This was part of a community-based door-to-door survey in 1999, using the survey instrument developed by the Institute of Neurological Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology of Limoges, the Pan-African Association of Neurological Sciences and the International League Against Epilepsy. Neurological evaluation and confirmation of epilepsy was done by consultant neurologists.\u0000\u0000Results \u000093 cases of epilepsy were confirmed in the study population of 1898 subjects, giving a prevalence rate of epilepsy in Bilomo of 4.9%. The main risk factor for epilepsy was a positive family history (63.44%). The neurological examination was abnormal in 22.6% of patients. Mental retardation was found in 17.2%, psychological disorders in 16.1%, a pyramidal syndrome (unilateral or bilateral weakness with spasticity and Babinski sign) in 6.4%, language disorders in 4.3%, and a cerebellar syndrome in 1.1% of the patients. Subcutaneous nodules were observed in 13 patients (14%). Pruriginous dermatoses were found in 23 patients (24.7%). A possible aetiologic factor was found in 66 patients (71%). The other risk factors included prenatal (8.6%) and perinatal (19.4%) factors, central nervous system infections (9.7%) and head injury (5.4%).\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000The data from this preliminary study suggests that in Bilomo village, the risk factors associated with epilepsy include both hereditary and acquired factors and we postulate that there may be a complex interplay of these factors in the aetiogenesis of epilepsy in this area. These results call for more studies in an attempt to determine the aetiologic factors and more importantly, the interplay between these factors that is responsible for making epilepsy endemic in this area. Such information is vital for an effective national epilepsy control programme.\u0000\u0000 Introduction \u0000Une zone de forte endemicite epileptique a ete decrite dans le village de Bilomo, non loin de Yaounde, la capitale du Cameroun.\u0000\u0000But \u0000Cette etude avait pour but de decrire les facteurs de risque et de precipitation de l'epilepsie dans le village de Bilomo.\u0000\u0000Patients et Methodes \u0000Notre etude fait partie d'une etude communautaire basee sur une enquete porte-a-porte effectuee en 1999, utilisant le questionnaire developpee par l'Institut d'Epidemiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale (IENT) a Limoges, l'Association Pan Africaine des Sciences Neurologiques et la Ligue Internationale contre l'Epilepsie. L'evaluation neurologique et la confirmation de l'epilepsie ont ete faites par les neurologues consultants.\u0000\u0000Resultats \u000093 cas d'epilepsie ont ete confirmes dans une population de 1898 sujets dans le village, ce qui donne une prevalence de l'epilepsie dans ce village de 4,9%.","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Neurological Involvement In Tuberous Sclerosis: A Report Of Two Cases And A Review Of The African Literature","authors":"I. Lagunju, C. Okolo, Be Ebruke, K. Emejulu, A. Malomo, E. Akang, M. Shokunbi","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V26I2.7604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V26I2.7604","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is a genetic disorder characterised by the triad of cutaneous lesions, epilepsy and mental retardation. TS is known to have a wide clinical spectrum, with some affected individuals having only the cutaneous manifestations, normal IQ and no seizures, while others are severely affected having intractable seizures and profound mental retardation. A report of two Nigerian children with TS managed at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria is presented. Both had severe neurological manifestations of the disease and a sub clinical affectation was found in a first degree relative in one of them.\u0000\u0000 African Journal of Neurological Sciences Vol. 26 (2) 2007: pp. 102-108","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Les méningiomes intrâcraniens en milieu ivoirien. Étude d'une serie chirurgicale","authors":"D. N. Oka, E. Broalet, M. Kakou, P. Broalet, A. Haidara, R. N’Guessan, L. Varlet, G. Dechambenoit, V. Bazeze","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V27I1.7611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V27I1.7611","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To report our experience in the management of intracranial meningiomas.\u0000\u0000Methods \u0000Ninety-six (96) patients were treated for intracranial meningiomas in Abidjan between 1991 and 2001, confirmed by neuropathological examination.\u0000\u0000Results \u0000Meningiomas represented 33.43% of intracranial tumors. The average age of our patients was 43 years, from 7 to 72 years-old with a predominance of women: sex ratio 3/2. Headaches were the most frequent sign. Post operative mortality was 12. 63%. Meningothelial meningioma was the most frequent (55.78%) histopathological entity.\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Meningioma represented the most frequent intracranial tumor in Ivory Coast. Our patients were young. More prospective studies - clinical, biology, neuroimaging - are request in order to appreciate all the features of this pathology.\u0000 Objectif \u0000Presenter les particularites epidemiologiques, cliniques et therapeutiques des meningiomes intracrâniens en milieu sous medicalise, a travers l'experience ivoirienne.\u0000\u0000Materiel et Methode \u0000Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective d'une serie de 96 cas de meningiomes intracrâniens traites au service de neurochirurgie d'Abidjan de 1991 a 2001.Le diagnostic pre chirurgical ou avant la biopsie fait par le scanner etait confirme par l'examen neuro-pathologique. Le suivi postoperatoire a ete clinique et quelquefois un examen tomodensitometrique a ete realise.\u0000\u0000Resultats \u0000Les meningiomes ont represente 33,43% des tumeurs intracrâniennes. La moyenne d'âge au moment du diagnostic etait de 43 ans avec des extremes de 07 a 72 ans. Le sexe feminin a predomine avec un sex-ratio de 3/2. Le tableau clinique etait domine par les cephalees. Le delai precedant le diagnostic etait d'environ 22 mois. Les meningiomes de la convexite etaient les plus frequents (47,36%). Dans la majorite des cas le diametre tumoral se situait entre 3 cm et 6 cm. L'exerese chirurgicale a constitue l'essentiel du traitement avec une mortalite operatoire de 12,63%. Les meningiomes usuels de type meningothelial ont predomine (55,78%).\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Les meningiomes ont represente les plus frequents des tumeurs intracrâniennes en milieu ivoirien. Des etudes ulterieures africaines epidemiologiques permettront de le verifier. Les meningiomes ont ete diagnostiques chez des patients relativement plus jeunes (43 ans) que ceux des pays occidentaux (58 ans). Depuis l'avenement du scanner des services de neurochirurgie et de neuropathologie, les meningiomes ne posent moins de probleme de diagnostic. Les unites de recherche sur l'oncogenese et sur les therapeutiques complementaires a la chirurgie sont encore inexistantes\u0000 Keywords : intracranial Meningioma / cerebral Tumor / Abidjan. African Journal of Neurological Sciences Vol. 27 (1) 2008: pp. 31-35","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern Of Epilepsy In Childhood And Adolescence : A Hospital-Based Study","authors":"Kandil, W. Ahmed, A. Sayed, S. Hamed","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V26I1.7592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V26I1.7592","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000This hospital-based study aimed to evaluate the frequency and diagnostic pattern of epilepsy in our locality among population with age range from birth to 18 years.\u0000\u0000Methods \u0000127 patients out of a total of 565 regularly attended the out-patient epilepsy clinic, were included in this study over 6 months period.\u0000\u0000Results \u0000At the time of interview, 48% had age ranges from 12-18 years, 78% were rural residents and 62.2% were illiterate. About 70% had age at onset of 5.9±3.5 years. Parental consanguinity was reported in 41%. Family history of epilepsy was reported in 17.3%. About 80% reported no etiology for epilepsy (idiopathic/cryptogenic group). CNS infection (68%), perinatal complications (20%) and head trauma (12%) were identified in the symptomatic group. Mental retardation was reported in 66.7%. Febrile convulsion was reported in 10.2%. Normal EEG was reported in 31.5%. About 48% had localization-related epilepsy while 42% and 9.5% had generalized and undetermined epilepsies. Frontal and temporal foci were common sites for producing epileptic discharges (37.7% for each). The generalized tonic-clonic seizures were frequent in generalized epilepsy (72.1%). Rolandic epilepsy was the most frequent type of age specific epileptic syndrome (26.9%).\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Our study is considered a preliminary review for population-based epidemiological studies in childhood epilepsy in Upper Egypt. This will be of value in planning early prevention and management with proper revision of AEDs according to the available resources.\u0000\u0000 Objectif \u0000Etudier la frequence et les aspects diagnostiques d'une serie hospitaliere allant de la naissance a 18 ans, dans notre localite\u0000\u0000Methodes \u0000127 patients sur une population de 565 vus en consultation d'epilepsie en ambulatoire ont ete inclus ans cette serie\u0000\u0000Resultats \u000048% des patients avaient entre 12-18 ans, 78% etaient issues d'une population rurale et 62% etaient illettres. Environ 70% estimaient le debut de leur maladie a 5,9+3,5 ans. Une consanguinite etait retrouvee dans 41% des cas.Des antecedents familiaux d'epilepsie etaient retrouves dans 41% des cas. Aucune etiologie etait objectivee dans 80% des cas. Une infection du systeme nerveux central (68%), des complications perinatales (20%), et un traumatisme crânien (12%) etaient identifies dans le groupe symptomatique. Un retard mental etait observe dans 66,7% des cas et les convulsions febriles, 10,2%. La normalite de l'EEG constituait 31,5% des patiens. 48% avaient une focalisation de l'epilepsie tandis que 42% et 9,5% etaient respectivement generalises et indetermines. La topographie frontale et temporale etaient les zones presentant le plus de decharges paroxystiques (37.7%). Les crises tonico-cloniques repondaient frequentes et repondaient a une epilepsie generalisee. L'epilepsie rolandiqe etait le type le plus frequent de l'epilepsie - syndrome.\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Notre etude est consideree comme etant preliminaire et portait sur une population d'enfants epile","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurosyphilis: A Clinico- Radiological Study","authors":"V. Patel, A. Motala, C. Connally, I. Burger","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V27I1.7613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V27I1.7613","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose \u0000Neurosyphilis is an uncommon disease. Although syphilis may promote the transmission of HIV the converse may not be true. The neuro-radiology of neurosyphilis is limited to two case series and several case reports. Our series of patients were reviewed to describe the clinical and radiological findings.\u0000\u0000Method \u0000A retrospective chart review from 1994 to 2005 was done and demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological findings were extracted. Patients HIV status was also recorded. Patients who satisfied the criteria for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis with the exclusion of alternate diagnoses were included.\u0000\u0000Results \u0000Fifty-three patients were evaluated but only 41 charts were available for review. Thirty-nine of these had radiological data. The clinical spectrum included asymptomatic patients, strokes, dementia, cranial nerve palsies, spinal cord syndromes and polyradiculopathy. Imaging changes included normal findings, infarcts, meningeal based mass lesions, spinal intra-medullary hyper-intensities, cranial nerve enhancement and intra-medullary enhancing mass lesions. There was no difference in CSF cellular or chemistry findings between those with neurosyphilis who were HIV positive and those who were HIV negative. Amongst the patients where follow up was available most improved regardless of HIV status.\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Neurosyphilis has protean manifestations and can affect any central neurological system. The pathogenesis varies from inflammatory mass lesions to vascular occlusion and inflammatory damage. Syphilis should be an aetiological consideration in any neurological presentation where another cause is not obvious. The radiological features are not specific and would be seen with many inflammatory aetiologies affecting the CNS. The CSF picture is similar regardless of HIV status and patients should be managed similarly regardless of their HIV status.\u0000\u0000 Objectif \u0000La neurosyphilis est une maladie peu commune. Bien que la syphilis puisse promouvoir la transmission du HIV, l'inverse n'est pas vrai. Les aspects neuromatologiques de la neurosyphilis sont extremement rares , limitees a deux series et la publication de quelques cas. Notre objectif est de revoir les aspects cliniques et radiologiques de nos patients,\u0000\u0000Methode \u0000Il s'agit d'une etude retrospectives allant de 1994 a 2005 avec prise en compte des aspects demographiques, cliniques, biologiques et radiologiques. Les patients VIH positifs ont ete inclus dans l'etude,\u0000\u0000Resultat \u000053 patients ont ete evalues mais seuls 41 dossiers ont pu etre etudies. 39 de ces donnees disposaient d'informations radiologiques exploitables. Le tableau clinique etait variable : patient asymptomatique, AVC, demence, paralysie des nerfs crâniens, atteinte medullaire et polyradiculopathie. Les aspects a l'imagerie etaient egalement proteiformes : aspect normal, infarcissement, masses expansives meningees, hypersignaux intramedullaires, rehaussement des nerfs crâniens et tumeur intra-medullaire . Il n'y a","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"73-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approche Diagnostique Des Tumeurs Cerebrales Chez L'enfant - Experience Du Service De Neurochirurgie Du Chu De Yopougon Abidjan","authors":"E. Broalet, A. Haidara, Y. Zunon-Kipré, D. N. Oka, H. N'Da, A. Jibia, M. Kakou, G. Varlet, V. Bazeze","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V26I2.7596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V26I2.7596","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Les tumeurs cerebrales de l'enfant representent les tumeurs solides pediatriques les plus frequentes, mais leur incidence reste meconnue en Afrique subsaharienne ou se pose un probleme de retard diagnostique et de suivi.\u0000\u0000Objectif \u0000Evaluer l'incidence et la distribution de ces tumeurs et presenter les particularites de prise en charge afin d'ameliorer leur pronostic.\u0000\u0000Materiels et methodes \u0000Etude retrospective effectuee dans le service de Neurochirurgie de janvier 1995 a decembre 2006 incluant les patients hospitalises pour une tumeur cerebrale et dont l'âge variait entre 0 et 15 ans revolus. Le scanner a constitue le seul moyen de diagnostic pre-operatoire. Pour chaque patient, les caracteristiques epidemiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques et les modalites de prise en charge ont ete analysees.\u0000\u0000Resultats \u0000Les tumeurs cerebrales de l'enfant (57 cas) representaient 15,74% de toutes les tumeurs cerebrales (362 cas) avec un sex-ratio de 1/2 (18 garcons et 27 filles) et un âge moyen de 8 ans et demi. Le delai de prise en charge a ete de 289 jours en moyenne. Les cephalees et l'hypertension intracrânienne ont constitue le motif de consultation et le signe d'examen le plus frequent, suivies des signes de focalisation. Les tumeurs supratentorielles ont ete le siege le plus frequemment rencontre (54,38% contre 33,33% de lesions infratentorielles), avec une predominance de lesions gliales notamment l'astrocytome. Une hydrocephalie etait retrouvee dans 31,58% des cas. 70% des patients ont beneficie d'un traitement chirurgical, permettant dans seulement la moitie des cas, soit 38,6%, d'avoir le diagnostic histologique. 15,8% ont beneficie d'une chimiotherapie et un patient d'une radiotherapie. Le taux de mortalite etait de 22,80%.\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Cette etude montre l'interet d'une etude prospective et multicentrique et la necessite de l'amelioration du plateau technique, pour un meilleur diagnostic neuropathologique et une meilleure prise en charge.\u0000\u0000 Background \u0000Brains tumors are the most common paediatrics solid tumors, but their incidence is unknowed in subsaharian.\u0000\u0000Objective \u0000To determine the frequency and the distribution of these tumors and to review their management in order to improve their prognosis\u0000\u0000Materials and methods \u0000A retrospective study was done in Abidjan service of neurosurgery of the University Hospital from January 1995 to December 2006, concerning childrens up to the age of 15 years, whose were admitted for brain tumor and diagnosed by CT-scan. Epidemiologicals, clinicals, CT-scan, histopathologicals datas and methods of management were analysed.\u0000\u0000Results \u0000Paediatrics brain tumors (57 cases) have represented 15,74% of all brain tumors (362 cases). The male-female ratio was 1/2 (18 boys and 27 girls ) and the mean age was 8,5 years. The delay of diagnosis was 289 days. Headache and intracranial hypertension were the most common symptoms. 54,38% of brain tumors were located in supratentorial region and 33,33% in the infraten","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"28 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile Of Stroke In Nigerians: A Prospective Clinical Study","authors":"M. Komolafe, E. Komolafe, F. Fatoye, V. Adetiloye, C. Asaleye, O. Famurewa, S. Mosaku, Y. Amusa","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V26I1.7588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V26I1.7588","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose \u0000Stroke is a leading cause of death and neurological disability in adults, and imposes a heavy emotional and financial burden on the family and society. We carried out this study to describe the epidemiological pattern of stroke at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife and also to describe the risk factors, the computerized tomography (CT) scan findings and the outcome of stroke in our practice setting.\u0000\u0000Methods \u0000We prospectively studied one hundred and thirty five consecutive patients presenting to the neurology unit of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife over a six year period (2000- 2005). The socio-demographic and clinical data as well as the CT scan findings were collected. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 11.0.\u0000\u0000Results \u0000The 135 patients comprised 76 male and 59 female with a mean age of 62+ 12years. The major risk factors were hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Cerebral infarction was the most common subtype of stroke seen. The case fatality rate was 15.6% and among the survivors the outcome was poor as only 3% made full recovery.\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Stroke is still a major problem and the major predisposing factor remains uncontrolled hypertension. The case fatality was very high and there is a risk of moderate to severe neurological disability among the survivors. The utilization of CT scan is sub-optimal even when it is available because of financial constraints. CT scan is recommended for all cases of stroke for definitive diagnosis and timely as well as accurate management.\u0000\u0000 Introduction \u0000Les accidents vasculaires cerebraux (AVC) causent une mortalite et un handicap importants dans la population adulte entrainant egalement une forte charge emotionnelle au sein des familles et de la population.\u0000\u0000Objectifs \u0000Nous avons mene une epidemiologique sur la configuration des AVC a l'universite Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife\u0000\u0000Methodes \u0000Nous avons etudie cent trente-cinq patients de maniere consecutive a l'universite Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, sur une periode de six ans (2000-2005). Les donnees socio-demographiques ainsi que celles du CT-scan ont ete recueillies. L'analyse statistique a ete realisee a l'aide du SPSS version 11.0\u0000\u0000Resultats \u0000Parmi les 135 patients, 76 etaient de sexe masculin et 59 de sexe feminin avec une moyenne d'âge de 62+12 ans.Les facteurs de risque predominant etaient l'hypertension arterielle (HTA) et le diabete. L'infarcissement cerebral etait observe le plus frequemment. Le taux de mortalite etait de 15.6% et parmi les survivants seuls 3% avaient eu une recuperation complete.\u0000\u0000Conclusions \u0000Les AVC restent un probleme majeur de sante en rapport avec un mauvais controle de l'HTA. Le taux de mortalite est tres eleve et la morbidite variable. Le CT-scan est sous utilise compte tenu des contraintes financieres. Son utilisation devrait etre la regle\u0000 Keywords : Stroke, Clinical profile, c","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortalité Des Patients Vih Positifs Dans Le Service De Neurologie Du Chu Campus De Lomé-Togo","authors":"A. Balogou, K. Volley, M. Belo, Amouzou Mk, K. Apetsé, D. Kombate, E. Grunitzky","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V26I1.7591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V26I1.7591","url":null,"abstract":"Description \u0000On estime a 2,3 millions, le nombre de personnes decedees du SIDA en 2004 en Afrique subsaharienne. Ainsi le VIH/SIDA a reduit de plus de 20 ans, l'esperance de vie de la population en Afrique.\u0000\u0000Objectifs \u0000Le but de notre etude etait d'identifier les causes de deces et d'etudier la letalite des affections neurologiques chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH/SIDA (PVVIH/SIDA) au CHU-CAMPUS de Lome.\u0000\u0000Methodes \u0000Une etude retrospective transversale avait ete menee sur les dossiers des malades hospitalises dans ledit service du 1er Janvier 1996 au 31 decembre 2005.\u0000\u0000Resultats \u0000Sur les 380 patients seropositifs au VIH enregistres, 83,2 % ne connaissaient pas leur statut serologique a l'admission. L'âge moyen de nos patients decedes etait de 38,9 ± 13,4 ans, avec une duree de sejour moyen avant le deces de 13,9 jours. L'abces cerebral toxoplasmique avait constitue la premiere cause de deces chez les PVVIH/SIDA (40,8 %), suivie des meningites (27,2 %) et des meningo-encephalites (19,0 %). Le taux global de letalite etait de 38,7 %. Les meningites et les meningo-encephalites constituaient les affections les plus letales avec un taux de letalite respectivement de 90,9 % et 70,0 %.\u0000\u0000Conclusions \u0000Les principales affections neurologiques associees a l'infection VIH devraient beneficier d'un diagnostic rapide et de la mise en place de protocole de prise en charge immediate. Des efforts supplementaires doivent etre fournis dans le depistage et la prise en charge des PV VIH /SIDA.\u0000\u0000 Description \u0000HIV/AIDS is responsible of about 2,3 billions deaths in subsaharian Africa in 2004. The life expectancy had declined, in this part of continent, of 20 years.\u0000\u0000Objectives \u0000To identify neurological death causes and to study their lethality among HIV positive patients, in Campus Teaching Hospital at Lome.\u0000\u0000Methods \u0000We did a transversal retrospective study on hospitalized patients from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2005. known their HIV status before their admission. The average age of dead patients was 38,9 ± 13,4 years. Average hospitalization life stay was 13,9 days before death. Cerebral toxoplasmosis abscess was the first cause of death of HIV positive patients (40,8 %), followed by meningitis (27,2 %) and by meningo-encephalitis (19 %). The lethality global rate was 38,7 %. Meningitis and meningo-encephalitis were most lethal diseases, with lethality rate of respectively 90,9 % and 70,0 %.\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Mains neurological diseases associated with HIV infection must be diagnosed quickly and taken in charge without delay. This study has shown that efforts have to be performed in the framework of HIV detection\u0000 Keywords : HIV/AIDS positive, neurological affections, Togo. African Journal of Neurological Sciences Vol. 26 (2) 2007: pp. 95-101","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}