{"title":"Mechanism of the Discontinuous Structure in Heat-Induced Natural Egg Yolk Mediated by Accumulation of Yolk Sphere Microgels: Morphology, 4D-DIA Proteomics, and Physicochemical Properties","authors":"Keshan Wang, Xianmin Qin, Chan Li, Jiao Wu, Xiaoli Liu, Jiaxuan Ma, Ying Zhou, Qiujin Zhu, Yuanyuan Liu, Yongguo Jin","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c11324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c11324","url":null,"abstract":"The heat-induced natural egg yolk is a discontinuous object formed by the accumulation of yolk spheres. However, the reason why yolk spheres form individual microgels rather than continuous gels has not been elucidated. This study investigated the different gelation behaviors in the yolk sphere exterior (EYSE) and the yolk sphere interior (EYSI) by using 4D-DIA proteomics, electron microscopy, and multispectral techniques. Results demonstrated that vitellogenin-1, -2, and -3 (EYSI/EYSE fold change: 3.36, 3.53, and 2.42, respectively) were key proteins corresponding to continuous gel structure formation of EYSI. However, the high levels of apolipoprotein A-I (FC: 0.18) and heat shock protein found in EYSE with a special hydrophobic domain for lipid binding impeded the continuous gel formation. Thus, the EYSE formed some small-volume aggregates without continuous gel, which separated individually the microgel of yolk spheres. This study will provide theoretical guidance for the quality regulation of egg yolk products.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Core–Satellite Gold Nanoparticle@Silver Nanocluster Nanohybrids for Milk Allergen β-Lactoglobulin Detection Using the Electrochemical Aptasensor","authors":"Tingting Bai, Yanjia Liu, Zhien Liu, Yue Teng, Pin Liu, Liusi Peng, Daohong Wu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c08948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c08948","url":null,"abstract":"Detecting β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) with high sensitivity and selectivity is an urgent requirement due to nearly 80% of milk anaphylaxis, such as respiratory tract, skin urticaria, and gastrointestinal disorders, being caused by β-Lg. An ultrasensitive β-Lg electrochemical aptasensor utilizing core–satellite gold nanoparticle@silver nanocluster (AuNPs@AgNCs) nanohybrids as electrocatalysts was developed. First, β-Lg aptamer was anchored on gold electrodes and AuNPs to obtain high selectivity. Aptamer-cDNA-AuNPs conjugation was attached to the functionalized electrode with β-Lg as a “bridge” through the target–ligand interaction. Second, DNA-templated AgNCs were introduced via the hybridization of DNA templates oligonucleotide with cDNA anchored on AuNPs. The formed AuNPs@AgNCs nanohybrids showed enhanced catalytic performance toward the silver deposition reaction. This strategy is demonstrated by determining the oxidation current of produced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) surrounding AuNPs by β-Lg. A detection limit of 0.87 fg/mL and a linear range of 0.001–1000 pg/mL were obtained. Finally, β-Lg content in food products was analyzed successfully, and RSD of 2.44–8.33% was obtained. The recovery of 87.54–113.70% and RSD of 0.95–9.29% was obtained for standard addition experiments. This proposed aptasensor exhibits excellent sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility, and stability and has good practical application capability for complex food matrices.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Screening of 14 Lactic Acid Bacteria for Fermentative Isomalto/Malto-Polysaccharide Synthesis","authors":"Nele Brand, Daniel Wefers","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c09286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c09286","url":null,"abstract":"Some lactic acid bacteria such as <i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i> or <i>Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis</i> contain genes encoding 4,6-α-glucanotransferases. These enzymes convert starch and maltodextrins into isomalto/malto-polysaccharides (IMMPs). Many studies focused on the properties of recombinant glucanotransferases, but limited knowledge is available on fermentative synthesis. However, this aspect would be important for the <i>in situ</i> IMMP formation in fermented foods such as sourdough. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the IMMP synthesis of 14 different lactic acid bacteria. We demonstrated that 11 of the investigated strains formed IMMPs with varying structural compositions from different maltodextrins. The portions of α-1,6-linkages depended on the bacterial strain and composition of the maltodextrin. By using different analytical approaches, it was demonstrated that linear chains of α-1,6-linked glucopyranoses with varying lengths were formed. Thus, the 11 IMMP-producing strains have high potential for an <i>in situ</i> synthesis of IMMPs in fermented foods such as sourdough.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuxia Chen, Hang Li, Yuhui Peng, Tongtong Li, Xiaona Li, Chen Wang, Ruixi Xiao, Jiangtao Dong, Xuezhong Du
{"title":"Nanoization of Technical Pesticides: Facile and Smart Pesticide Nanocapsules Directly Encapsulated through “On Site” Metal–Polyphenol Coordination Assembly for Improved Efficacy and Biosafety","authors":"Yuxia Chen, Hang Li, Yuhui Peng, Tongtong Li, Xiaona Li, Chen Wang, Ruixi Xiao, Jiangtao Dong, Xuezhong Du","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c10948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c10948","url":null,"abstract":"Facile pesticide nanocapsules were successfully prepared by directly encapsulating the antisolvent precipitation of pesticides through instantaneous “on site” coordination assembly of tannic acid and Fe<sup>3+</sup>, avoiding tedious preparation, time consumption, and large amounts of organic solvents. The pesticide nanocapsules showed excellent resistance to ultraviolet photolysis and rainwater washing owing to the nanocapsule walls. The smart pesticide nanocapsules exhibited the controlled release of pesticides under multidimensional stimuli, such as acidic/alkaline pH, glutathione, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, phytic acid, laccase, tannase, and sunlight, which were related to the physiological and natural environments of crops, pests, and pathogens. The tebuconazole nanocapsules not only enhanced the fungicidal activity against <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and effective control efficacy in wheat powdery mildew through foliar spray and seed coating, but also improved the biosafety of target plant growth and nontarget organisms. The facile, smart, efficient, safe, and green pesticide nanocapsules using the universal strategy have broad application prospects in ecoagriculture.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"T-2 Toxin Nephrotoxicity: Toxic Effects, Mechanisms, Mitigations, and Future Perspectives","authors":"Youshuang Wang, Pengli Liu, Jiayan Fan, Shuo Li, Xinyu Zhang, Yanan Li, Xuebing Wang, Cong Zhang, Xu Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c10015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c10015","url":null,"abstract":"T-2 toxin is a highly toxic fungal toxin that threatens humans and animals’ health. As a major detoxifying and metabolic organ, the kidney is also a target of T-2 toxin. This article reviews T-2 toxin nephrotoxicity research progress, covering renal structure and function damage, nephrotoxicity mechanisms, and detoxification methods to future research directions. T-2 toxin damages kidney structure, causing renal dysfunction. The nephrotoxicity mechanism of T-2 toxin involves multiple factors including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitophagy, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis, which are intertwined and interdependent. Current detoxification strategies mainly involve reducing T-2 toxin in feedstuff and using antioxidant substances, but both have limits. Future research should focus on renal cells sensitivity to T-2 toxin, exploring key molecules in T-2 toxin’s nephrotoxicity, renal injury’s impact on other organs, and better detoxification methods. This review aims to guide future research and underpin T-2 toxin-induced nephrotoxicity prevention and treatment.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the Internal Environmental Changes of Muscle Cells and Apoptotic Phase of Mitochondria in Dry-Cured Loin Using Electrical Stimulation: Promoting the Precise Regulation of Loin Ham Quality","authors":"Li Chen, Lisha Lan, Shenghui Bi, Mixin Zhou, Jing Wan, Ying Zhou, Yuanyuan Liu, Qiujin Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c09673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c09673","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional dry-curing methods have a long cycle time and low efficiency, resulting in the inconsistent quality of dry-cured ham. By applying electrical stimulation (ES) technology in the dry-curing process, it was found that ES affected mitochondrial apoptosis by modulating the intracellular environment of muscle cells, which, in turn, enhanced the quality of dry-cured pork loin. Specifically, ES accelerated glycogen and ATP depletion, which led to a rapid decline in pH. Meanwhile, compared to the control group (CK), the activities of Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ATPase in the ES group (ES) increased by 160% and 124%, respectively, leading to the generation of H<sup>+</sup> gradient and Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload in mitochondria, which in turn triggered mitochondrial apoptosis and increased the apoptosis rate by 259%. In addition, Western blot analysis showed that ES promoted the Desmin and Troponin-T degradation levels. This study highlights the advantages of ES in dry-cured ham processing, which is expected to be a precise regulation technology.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Semirational Engineering of a Distal Loop Region to Enhance the Catalytic Activity and Stability of Leucine Dehydrogenase","authors":"Rui Li, Minglu Xu, Meng Xu, Yiquan Zhou, Tao Wen, Qinghai Liu, Dong Yi, Hualei Wang, Dongzhi Wei","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06915","url":null,"abstract":"Enzymatic asymmetric synthesis of <span>l</span>-phenylglycine by amino acid dehydrogenases has potential for industrial applications; however, this is hindered by their low catalytic efficiency toward high-concentration substrates. We identified and characterized a novel leucine dehydrogenase (<i>Ms</i>LeuDH) with a high catalytic efficiency for benzoylformic acid via directed metagenomic approaches. Further, we obtained a triple-point mutant <i>Ms</i>LeuDH-EER (D332E/G333E/L334R) with improved stability and catalytic efficiency through the rational design of distal loop 13. A coexpression system of <i>Ms</i>LeuDH-EER and formate dehydrogenase completely converted a 300 mM substrate within 4 h with >99.9% enantiomeric excess. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that mutations on loop 13 enhanced the overall structural rigidity of the protein to improve its stability but also stabilized the “closed” conformation through rigidifying the hinge region loop by distant modulation. Our results show that distal loop 13 can serve as a new hotspot region for enhancing the catalytic performance of leucine dehydrogenases.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guitao Huang, Dongxiao Su, Yuan-kun Lee, Xiaoqin Zou, Lihong Dong, Mei Deng, Ruifen Zhang, Fei Huang, Mingwei Zhang
{"title":"Accumulation of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides during Lychee Pulp Fermentation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Involves Endoglucanase Expression","authors":"Guitao Huang, Dongxiao Su, Yuan-kun Lee, Xiaoqin Zou, Lihong Dong, Mei Deng, Ruifen Zhang, Fei Huang, Mingwei Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c08859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c08859","url":null,"abstract":"In the current work, lychee pulp was subjected to <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> ATCC 14917 fermentation, leading to a substantial increase (2.32–2.67-fold) in water-soluble polysaccharides (WSP). Concurrently, a significant degradation occurred in water-insoluble polysaccharides (WISP) composed of glucose (28.73%), arabinose (28.25%), galacturonic acid (25.07%), and galactose (11.00%). To clarify polysaccharide conversion and its relevant mechanism, carbohydrate-active enzyme encoding sequences in the <i>L. plantarum</i> ATCC 14917 genome and structural alterations of two polysaccharide fractions were dissected. By integrating the transcriptional assay, prokaryotic expression, and enzymic hydrolysis, three endoglucanases were demonstrated to catalyze WISP degradation, leading to WSP accumulation during lychee pulp fermentation with <i>L. plantarum</i> ATCC 14917. Reductions in proportions of galactose and galacturonic acid in WSPs were partly attributed to the actions of multiple galactosidases. These findings provide an enzyme-based explanation for WSP accumulation during <i>Lactobacillus</i> fermentation and serve as a practical foundation for directional polysaccharide conversion.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Putative Transformation Mechanism of γ-l-Glutamyl-S-Allyl-l-Cysteine during the Processing of Black Garlic","authors":"Pingxiang Liu, Peng Wu, Jingxiu Bi, Yuying Jiang, Rui Gao, Rui Weng, Tong Zhao, Xuexia Yuan, Jing Chen, Haining Hao, Yutao Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c11702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c11702","url":null,"abstract":"γ-<span>l</span>-Glutamyl-S-allyl-<span>l</span>-cysteine (GSAC) is renowned for its flavor-modifying effects and beneficial biological activities. However, the level of GSAC decreases significantly during the processing of black garlic, and the pathways and degradation products resulting from this decline remain unclear. To investigate the potential transformation mechanisms of GSAC in black garlic, simulation systems for thermal decomposition, Maillard reactions, and enzymatic hydrolysis were established. In addition to GSAC and fructose, a total of 6 products were identified and confirmed. Findings indicate that thermal decomposition and enzymatic hydrolysis are the two primary pathways through which GSAC is transformed, whereas the Maillard reaction between fructose and GSAC is unlikely to occur. GSAC can be converted into S-allylcysteine and glutamic acid through thermal processing and the action of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. Notably, the majority of Glu transformed into pyroglutamic acid via intramolecular dehydration at 75 °C, whereas in enzymatic hydrolysis simulation systems, it is converted into glutamine. Additionally, alliin, S-allylcysteine, and S-allylmercaptocysteine were detected, suggesting new pathways for the production of these compounds during the processing of black garlic.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication of Dual-Ligand Zn-MOFs with Asynchronous Fluorescence Response for Efficient Ratiometric/Visual Sensing of Tetracycline Antibiotics in Animal-Derived Foods","authors":"Chunhua Li, Zhehang Tian, Guanqun Luan, Luqian Bao, Mengyao Cui, Yixin Ji, Xieyang Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c08871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c08871","url":null,"abstract":"The extensive use of tetracyclines in livestock poses health risks due to their residues in animal-derived food; therefore, developing simple detection methods to replace complex traditional approaches is of paramount importance. Here, we developed a dual-ligand zinc-based metal–organic framework material, Zn-BTC-BDC-NH<sub>2</sub> (denoted as ZTD), for the detection of tetracyclines. The intrinsic blue fluorescence of ZTD was quenched upon the introduction of tetracyclines due to electron transfer from −NH<sub>2</sub> of ZTD to −CO– and −OH groups of tetracycline molecules; meanwhile, the new green fluorescence emission was generated through π–π stacking between aromatic rings and the formation of complexes between Zn<sup>2+</sup> and C–O/C═O groups. In real food samples, ZTD exhibited recovery rates ranging from 93.62 to 110.66%, with detection limits as low as 0.011 μmol·L<sup>–1</sup>. Additionally, a ZTD fluorescence test paper was developed for portable detection. This study presents a novel tetracycline detection method, offering insights into multiligand metal–organic framework preparation and future sensing method design.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}