{"title":"An IoT Inspired Distributed Data Fusion Architecture for Coastal Surveillance Applications","authors":"J. F. B. Brancalion, S. Dias","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190591","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we address the distributed data fusion problem considering a real scenario with multiple sensor sites geographically scattered around a bay. The advance of IoT, with more and more objects being connected, delivering and sharing huge amount of data, represents a big challenge. A timely fusion, using data obtained from different sources, like IoT and others, to provide efficient, reliable and accurate information to the decision makers is a requirement of modern data fusion systems. The paper presents a conceptual approach for a distributed data fusion system, applied in a maritime environment, where the common operational picture is obtained through a tactical datalink network. The concept and implementation of the proposed system follows the paradigm of Network Centric Warfare, which is an information age theory of warfare.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133426100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Progressive Bayesian Filtering with Coupled Gaussian and Dirac Mixtures","authors":"Daniel Frisch, U. Hanebeck","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190540","url":null,"abstract":"Nonlinear filtering is the most important aspect in state estimation with real-world systems. While the Kalman filter provides a simple though optimal estimate for linear systems, feasible filters for general systems are still subject of intensive research. The previously proposed Progressive Gaussian Filter PGF42 marked a new milestone, as it was able to efficiently compute an optimal Gaussian approximation of the posterior density in nonlinear systems [1]. However, for highly nonlinear systems where true posteriors are “banana-shaped” (e.g., cubic sensor problem) or multimodal (e.g., extended object tracking), even an optimal Gaussian approximation is an inadequate representation. Therefore, we generalize the established framework around the PGF42 from Gaussian to Gaussian mixture densities that are better able to approximate arbitrary density functions. Our filter simultaneously holds approximate Gaussian mixture and Dirac mixture representations of the same density, what we call coupled discrete and continuous densities (CoDiCo). For conversion between discrete and continuous representation, we employ deterministic sampling and the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, which we extend to deal with weighted particles.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115556481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use cases for social data analysis with URREF criteria","authors":"C. Laudy, V. Dragos","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190619","url":null,"abstract":"Social data analysis has gained prominence in a wide range of domains as it provides users with the opportunity to communicate and share posts and topics. Automated analysis and reasoning about such data potentially derive meaningful insights, with tremendous potential for applications. However, the sheer volume, noise, and high dynamics of social data impose challenges that hinder the efficacy of algorithms. Automated approaches and classification models require then significant resources to be developed and prove to be often relevant to only a limited number of tasks. Imperfections of inputs, precision of techniques and accuracy of results need to be accounted and assessed as the process runs. This paper discuses two use cases allowing the investigation of implicit and explicit uncertainty arising when processing data gleaned on social media. The objective of this paper is twofold. The first objective is to set up the ETUR use case on social media analysis by adopting two tasks on opinion mining for cyberspace surveillance and information extraction for crisis analysis, respectively. The second objective is to discuss an overall methodology allowing the identification and assessment of uncertainties underlying each task The paper introduces two illustrations of social data analysis, investigates various sources of uncertainty and describes a methodology to select criteria for uncertainty assessment.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121357881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multimodal Fusion with Co-attention Mechanism","authors":"Pei Li, Xinde Li","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190483","url":null,"abstract":"Because the information from different modalities will complement each other when describing the same contents, multimodal information can be used to obtain better feature representations. Thus, how to represent and fuse the relevant information has become a current research topic. At present, most of the existing feature fusion methods consider the different levels of features representations, but they ignore the significant relevance between the local regions, especially in the high-level semantic representation. In this paper, a general multimodal fusion method based on the co-attention mechanism is proposed, which is similar to the transformer structure. We discuss two main issues: (1) Improving the applicability and generality of the transformer to different modal data; (2) By capturing and transmitting the relevant information between local features before fusion, the proposed method can allow for more robustness. We evaluate our model on the multimodal classification task, and the experiments demonstrate that our model can learn fused featnre representation effectively.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123661023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Zare, A. Visa, Ville Pärssinen, Hesam Jafarian, Henri Oksman, Liisa Aha
{"title":"Real-Time Manufacturing Drilling Operations Analysis by Utilization of Data-Fusion","authors":"M. Zare, A. Visa, Ville Pärssinen, Hesam Jafarian, Henri Oksman, Liisa Aha","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190248","url":null,"abstract":"In mining and construction operations, the protection, safety and machinery's lifetime hold a crucial concern that can impose unwelcoming costs on the projects. The motivation behind this work is to deliver a model capable of addressing these apprehensions besides managing the potential risks and costs of the types of machinery. The presented model in this article aims to increase the quality and reliability of the products and their operations by utilizing sensor information for real-time prediction and categorization of drilling operations. This model works based on the time analyses on the sensory fused data. We applied the model on the three-axis acceleration and angular velocity signals (generated from a simulated system) to extract features and categorize three different rock drilling operations. For each operation, we measured the Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) and dynamic range parameters of the acceleration signals. In addition, we succeeded to calculate the Root Mean Square (RMS) parameter as a feature from angular velocity signals. The obtained results in this study approve the real-time prediction and categorization potential of the introduced approach for the different rock drilling operations. However, the limitation of this work can be the source of the data which is originating from the simulated normal operations. As an extending future work in future publications, we will include the faulty operation data, the real data from measurements and present data analysis of abnormal operations.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122428065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeremy R. Chapman, David Kasmier, David Limbaugh, Steph Gagnon, J. Crassidis, J. Llinas, Barry Smith, Alexander P. Cox
{"title":"Conceptual Space Modeling for Space Event Characterization","authors":"Jeremy R. Chapman, David Kasmier, David Limbaugh, Steph Gagnon, J. Crassidis, J. Llinas, Barry Smith, Alexander P. Cox","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190163","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a method for characterizing space events using the framework of conceptual spaces. We focus specifically on estimating and ranking the likelihood of collisions between space objects. The objective is to design an approach for anticipatory decision support for space operators who can take preventive actions on the basis of assessments of relative risk. To make this possible our approach draws on the fusion of both hard and soft data within a single decision support framework. Contextual data is also taken into account, for example data about space weather effects, by drawing on the Space Domain Ontologies, a large system of ontologies designed to support all aspects of space situational awareness. The framework is coupled with a mathematical programming scheme that frames a mathematically optimal approach for decision support, providing a quantitative basis for ranking potential for collision across multiple satellite pairs. The goal is to provide the broadest possible information foundation for critical assessments of collision likelihood.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128400926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Marginal Association Probabilities for Multiple Extended Objects without Enumeration of Measurement Partitions","authors":"Shishan Yang, Laura M. Wolf, M. Baum","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190500","url":null,"abstract":"In the case of high-resolution or near field sensors, an object normally gives rise to multiple measurements per scan. One of the key tasks in tracking such objects is to differentiate the origins of the measurements. In this work, a new data association approach for extended object tracking, which is inspired by Joint Integrated Probabilistic Data Association (JIPDA), is proposed. The key idea is to calculate marginal association probabilities for individual measurements (instead of considering measurement partitions). Our problem formulation allows us to obtain the marginal association probabilities without collective exhaustion of association hypotheses and partitions. The proposed data association method is illustrated first using a simulation with Gaussian distributed measurements. Combined with an extended object measurement model, the data association quality is further assessed in a simulation and an experiment by tracking pedestrians using Lidar data from the KITTI dataset.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128849560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lance M. Kaplan, Federico Cerutti, Murat Sensoy, K. Mishra
{"title":"Second-Order Learning and Inference using Incomplete Data for Uncertain Bayesian Networks: A Two Node Example","authors":"Lance M. Kaplan, Federico Cerutti, Murat Sensoy, K. Mishra","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190472","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient second-order probabilistic inference in uncertain Bayesian networks was recently introduced. However, such second -order inference methods presume training over complete training data. While the expectation-maximization framework is well-established for learning Bayesian network parameters for incomplete training data, the framework does not determine the covariance of the parameters. This paper introduces two methods to compute the covariances for the parameters of Bayesian networks or Markov random fields due to incomplete data for two-node networks. The first method computes the covariances directly from the posterior distribution of parameters, and the second method more efficiently estimates the covariances from the Fisher information matrix. Finally, the implications and effectiveness of these covariances is theoretically and empirically evaluated.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126209252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data Fusion and Artificial Neural Networks for Modelling Crop Disease Severity","authors":"Priyamvada Shankar, A. Johnen, M. Liwicki","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190211","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the possibility of applying data fusion combined with artificial neural networks (ANN) on a dataset combining hard and soft data for prediction of one of the most devastating crop diseases of winter wheat, i.e., Septoria Tritici (Zymoseptoria tritici). In advanced decision support systems for crop protection choices, disease models form a major component. They reproduce the biophysical processes of disease development and temporal spread as a set of rules or processes to predict disease risk value. However, the adaptation of these rules or processes to incorporate the effects of climate change is complex and requires extensive rework. To remedy this issue, statistical machine learning techniques have been introduced to model disease severity percentage for some diseases. However, the use of artificial neural networks has been limited (mainly to image data) and is unexplored for Septoria Tritici. This paper explores the use of Feed Forward neural networks on fused tabular data for the task of disease severity modelling. First, ten years of trial data ranging from 2008 to 2018 across Europe is used for the creation of the new tabular dataset with a fusion of all important data sources baring impact on disease development: Field-specific data, weather data, crop growth stages, and disease severity observation made by human trial operators (response variable). Next, two implementation architectures of Feed Forward neural networks on tabular data are employed: a) standard architecture with backpropagation, drop out regularization, and batch normalization and b) advanced architecture with improvements such as cyclic learning rate and cosine annealing. The advanced architecture is able to better model the data and make estimations of disease severity with a difference of +-10% giving a better quantifiable estimate of disease stress. For better outreach to farmers, a technique to incorporate such modelling techniques into the well established Decision Support Systems is also presented.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121929613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Leader-follower Model for Bayesian Tracking","authors":"Qing Li, S. Godsill","doi":"10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION45008.2020.9190329","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel leader-follower model for tracking a group of manoeuvring objects under a probabilistic framework. The proposed model develops on the conventional leader-follower model in which the followers are driven stochastically towards the velocity and position of the leader. Here we consider the dynamic of followers as a mean-reverting process and express it in a continuous-time stochastic differential equation. Instead of using a standard global Cartesian or polar system, an intrinsic coordinate model is utilised for the leader where piecewise constant forces are applied relative to the heading of the leader. Followers then mean revert towards the heading angle and speed of the leader, leading to a more realistic behavioural modelling than the more conventional global coordinate systems. Such a dynamical model is readily incorporated into tracking algorithms using for example the variable rate particle filtering framework which can accurately capture and estimate the manoeuvres of the leader and followers. The simulation results verify its efficacy under challenging group tracking scenarios and future work will explore automatic identification of group structure and leadership from measurements of groups of moving objects.","PeriodicalId":419881,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115811580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}