Health Promotion & Physical Activity最新文献

{"title":"Guillain-Barré syndrome, about a disease that is a challenge for doctors of various specialties","authors":"N. Musiał, A. Jankowicz-Szymańska, J. Pietrzyk","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.7785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7785","url":null,"abstract":"Although the Guillain-Barré syndrome is relatively rare, it is a disease entity that doctors of\u0000different specialties and physiotherapists should know as much as possible. This is a post-infectious\u0000autoimmune polyneuropathy. This condition falls on the patient unexpectedly and in a\u0000short time can lead to damage to many organs and even life-threatening. Due to the multitude\u0000and variety of symptoms, treatment of the Guillain-Barré syndrome, more than other diseases,\u0000requires close cooperation of the entire therapeutic team. A physiotherapist plays a special role\u0000in working with a patient with the Guillain-Barré syndrome. Restoration of lost or limited functions\u0000requires time, patience, knowledge and experience to select the methods of working with\u0000the patient in the most effective way.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127709623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Need for Individualisation in Physical Education","authors":"J. Węglarz","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.7784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7784","url":null,"abstract":"Individualisation in the process of physical education is a contemporary challenge. The forms\u0000of conducting classes used so far, based on collective, most often homogeneous effort without\u0000taking into account the diverse abilities of students, do not stand the test of time. This may cause\u0000problems, mainly in terms of behaviour, as the student’s rights at school have been strengthened\u0000and his/her dissatisfaction with the programme has an impact on the course of the didactic process.\u0000It is necessary to think in advance about possible manifestations of such reluctance or lack\u0000of acceptance of the proposed offer so that the authority of the school does not suffer and the\u0000pupils are satisfied that the offer meets their expectations. This will be possible when the curriculum\u0000of physical education takes into account, more than before, the needs of the individual.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126334538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pro-health education in the fight against obesity and its\u0000complications in school-age children – 6-month programme\u0000of cooperation with the child and parents","authors":"M. Kołpa, A. Jankowicz-Szymańska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.7478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7478","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The dynamic development of society affects the health of the population. We often\u0000address civilization-related diseases affecting increasingly younger people. The lack of both\u0000a balanced diet and physical activity leads to hypertension and obesity. These diseases have a\u0000number of serious consequences. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the influence of an\u0000educational programme on the arterial pressure and body weight status of children between 10\u0000and 12 years of age.\u0000Material and methods: The study (education program) involved 60 primary school pupils in\u0000grades 4-6, including 40 boys and 20 girls whose BMI and arterial blood pressure values differed,\u0000higher from the standard norms. Anthropometric measurements were made, i.e., height,\u0000body weight, blood pressure and blood biochemical tests. Then, the pupils were taken care of\u0000by a dietician and a trainer.\u0000Results: The problem is the small number of fruits and vegetables in the children’s diet, which\u0000is far below the recommended standards. In the study group, nearly 12% of the children had\u0000elevated TSH levels. Physical activity of the participants was low and was mostly limited to\u0000compulsory physical education lessons. According to the surveys carried out the girls were\u0000physically active much less frequently than the boys.\u0000Conclusions: The increase in the BMI index results in increased systolic pressure in children.\u0000An increase in TSH increases the value of diastolic pressure in 10- to 12-year-olds. Children eat\u0000too few fruits and vegetables per week compared to the established standards. The implementation\u0000of an educational programme in nutrition and physical activity affects the reduction of\u0000BMI in children with excess body weight.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"508 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124463740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of BCG in prevention of tuberculosis and the strategies to improve its immunogenicity","authors":"J. Mazurek","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.1373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1373","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem and the main cause of death from the\u0000infectious diseases worldwide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), a causative agent of tuberculosis,\u0000is the oldest known human pathogen. The only available TB vaccine, BCG, was first\u0000administered in 1921 and since then remains the only protecting tool against TB. Yet, its efficacy\u0000is limited and there is an urgent need to design and produce a novel vaccine that will protect\u0000against this deadly disease in the era of emerging problems with antibiotic resistance. In this\u0000review a current, global TB situation is outlined and the characteristics of BCG are presented.\u0000Finally, the strategies leading to generation of BCG variants providing improved protecting\u0000efficacy are shortly described.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132620087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of pharmacological intervention promoting liver regeneration","authors":"I. Danilova, H. Kalota, M. Abidov","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.1372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1372","url":null,"abstract":"Effective drug therapy promoting liver regeneration is a challenging goal in pharmacotherapy\u0000of liver diseases. Several plant phytochemicals recommended in traditional medicine from\u0000over hundred plants have been investigated for its use in various liver disorders. Regeneration\u0000of injured liver depend on a proliferative potential of mature hepatocytes as well as different\u0000subsets of intrahepatic and extrahepatic stem/progenitor cells. In clinical trials a stem cell therapy\u0000resulted in a limited improvement of liver functions. Animal studies have demonstrated\u0000the involvement of bone marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells in liver regeneration. For this\u0000reason, the pharmacological activation of endogenous stem cells and pharmacological control\u0000of macrophage phenotypic polarization could be an effective method of mobilizing progenitor\u0000cells to injured liver.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121563200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of age on the body posture of women","authors":"Aganieszka Jankowicz-Szymańska, Marta A. Bibro, Katarzyna Wódka, E. Smoła","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.1270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1270","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim of the study: The body posture, which is one of the determinants of health and functional efficiency, changes depending on gender, age and psychophysical condition. Defining a pattern of correct posture is extremely difficult as it is a highly individualised feature. The aim of this paper was to compare the body posture of women in three periods of ontogenesis: girls in puberty, young adult women and women in the geriatric age.\u0000Material and methods: 150 women were examined: 50 12-year-old pupils, 50 20-22-year-old students and 50 women aged 60-84. Their height and weight were measured, BMI calculated and the status of body weight determined as normal, overweight or obese. The Zebris Pointer ultrasound system analyzed the position of the spine in the sagittal and frontal plane, the symmetry of the shoulders and pelvis in the frontal plane, and the balance of the torso in the sagittal and frontal plane. The results were developed with the Statistica programme. Basic descriptive statistics, multiplicity tables, Shapiro-Wilk test (study of normality of distribution) and Kruskal-Wallis test (inter-group comparison) were used. Differences between groups were assumed to be significant when p<0.05.\u0000Results: Age significantly differentiated the BMI index of the surveyed. Overweight and obesity was more prevalent in the oldest age group. The size of thoracic kyphosis expressed in degrees was similar in all the surveyed, although hypokyphosis was observed more frequently in the female pupils and hyperkyphosis in the female students. Lumbar lordosis was significantly higher in the students when compared to the other groups. Hypolordosis was most common in the seniors. The students and seniors also differed in terms of the balance of the torso in the sagittal plane. Excessive backward inclination was diagnosed in 42% of the students (total backward shift of the centre of gravity of the human body), which was twice as rare in the female students and four times as rare in the seniors. Asymmetric position of the right and left shoulder and hip girdles was common in every group of the women surveyed. Side bendings of the spine were most often observed in the female pupils, and least frequently in the seniors. Left-sided bendings were more frequent than right-sided ones.\u0000Conclusions: The age of women affects the position of the torso more in the sagittal plane than in the frontal one. The size of lumbar lordosis is an element of the body posture most significantly differentiating women between 12 and 84 years of age. Hyperlordosis is more characteristic of young adult women, whereas hypolordosis of seniors. Hyperkyphosis is most common in female students while hypokyphosis in adolescent girls.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127145542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Students’ opinions on motor activities in early school education","authors":"Eligiusz Madejski, M. Majer, Jacek Szalewski, Roger Madejski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1272","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lower grades students participate in Physical Education lessons mainly for\u0000pleasure, as well as for emotional and utilitarian reasons. For many students at this educational\u0000stage their attendance in Physical Education classes is the only form of participation in organized\u0000physical activity. Therefore, motor activities should provide children with the opportunity\u0000for experiences of different kind and motivate them to physical activity. The aim of the research\u0000was to find out what are the opinions of early school students on physical activities.\u0000Material and methods: The research covered 256 students at the age of 7-10, 128 girls and 128\u0000boys. The method of open categorized interview was applied to collect the empirical material.\u0000Results: The results of the survey have shown that the vast majority of children expressed\u0000their positive opinions on their participation in physical activities. The students enjoyed team\u0000games and various exercises most. Nearly 9% of the examined were dissatisfied with the lack\u0000of discipline during the lesson and not observing fair play principles by their classmates during\u0000exercises. The said dissatisfaction increased with age. The examined did not show much interest\u0000in swimming classes, and the 9-10 age group showed no interest in them at all.\u0000Conclusions: The large majority of students, irrespective of their age, are willing to participate\u0000in motor activities.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133277768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"A Fresh Look” at Physical Education","authors":"J. Węglarz","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0011.8213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.8213","url":null,"abstract":"Any rational, goal-oriented activity should be based on the thought what the simplest way to this goal is. A variety of guidelines, mostly from decision makers showing their expectations, are helpful in attaining these objectives. In school contexts, these guidelines are covered in a curriculum which defines the competencies which should be achieved at a specific stage of education. Nowadays, such a curriculum is a basis for teachers and students to create their own original programmes addressing specific requirements which can be accomplished under specific school conditions. It is important that this basis takes into account the expectations of the environment which creates and implements the process.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132209453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain death in cultural context – an outline of the issue","authors":"B. Wójcik","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0011.8221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.8221","url":null,"abstract":"Half a century after the introduction criteria of brain death by the Harvard Ad HocCommitteeonBrainDeath, the discussions on their methodological consistency, biological adequacy and medical legitimacy do not cease. On the one hand, the appearance of these criteria solved, some of the ethical dilemmas caused by medical advances and technological progress, with the other hand, common beliefs about the phenomenon of death have no changed. For these reasons growing in importance opinions indicating a need to revise the guidelines, which enabled the introduction of these criteria, or return to the previous status quo. In this article I justified that uncritical acceptance, that every scientific concept can be defined only in terms of a set of empirical operations would be manifestation of naive realism.But it would be equally naive to reject beliefs, that death is a biological fact, that can be studied, described and modeled according to modern scientific standards.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128694221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sportspecific performance diagnosis in ski mountaineering — comparison of a sportspecific cardiopulmonary exercise test on a treadmill\u0000versus outdoors and at altitude, a pilot study","authors":"I. Schöffl, Bernhard Bliemsrieder, T. Küpper, V. Schöffl","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.3034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.3034","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ski mountaineering is a competitive sport that has gained popularity during the last years. As most competitions are held in altitudes between 1500 m and 3500 m, a considerable amount of training occurs at various hypobaric hypoxia degrees. It was establishing a sport-specific cardiopulmonary exercise protocol using standard ski mountaineering equipment on a treadmill. This study investigated altitude’s effects on a self-regulated incremental exercise field test at 3100 m with this protocol.\u0000Methods: Six athletes were tested (24.2 ± 4.2 years) from the German Ski Mountaineering National Team with a portable telemetric cardiopulmonary exercise test equipment. First, an incremental indoor step test with skis on a treadmill (altitude 310 m) and four\u0000days later outdoor on glacier snow (3085 m) after three days of acclimatization. All athletes were exposed to repetitive intermittent hypoxia during the weeks before the test. Standard cardiopulmonary exercise parameters were recorded while individual training zones were defined according to ventilatory thresholds.\u0000Results: In highly trained athletes, mean V̇ O2peak (72/ml kg KG/min) was reduced by 25% or 9% per 1000 m altitude gain and by 18% and 23% at the first and second ventilatory thresholds, respectively. Mean maximum heart rate and the heart rate at the ventilatory thresholds were reduced at altitude compared to sea-level, as was the O2 pulse. \u0000Conclusion: Due to distinctive individual reactions to hypoxia, cold, etc., an individual and sport-specific field performance analysis, representing the daily training environment, is highly useful in world-class athletes for precise training control. Our self-regulated cardiopulmonary field protocol could well prove to serve in such a way.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":419847,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion & Physical Activity","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115343721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}