Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo最新文献_第8页

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2202447a

Miloš Agatonović

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The last enemy. On some receptions of Plato’s “Phaedo” in 18th-20th century philosophy and literature 最后的敌人。论18 -20世纪哲学与文学对柏拉图《斐多篇》的某些接受

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2204695b

Alexander Brodsky

{"title":"The last enemy. On some receptions of Plato’s “Phaedo” in 18th-20th century philosophy and literature","authors":"Alexander Brodsky","doi":"10.2298/fid2204695b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2204695b","url":null,"abstract":"Plato?s ?Phaedo? has taken up its position in European culture primarily thanks to its philosophical arguments for the immortality of the soul and the statement that for a true philosopher it is not enough to be free from the fear of death: one should strive for it. Christian theology adjusted these views so that they correspond to biblical eschatology and reproduced them repeatedly. However, there have always been and still are Christian theologians (including Orthodox Christian ones) who deny Platonic dualism as a world-view completely alien to Holy Scripture. It should be noted that criticism of the ?Phaedo? was always wider than the metaphysical question of monism or dualism in the comprehension of human nature; it gave rise to a certain existential philosophy focusing on the attitude towards death. In the Old and New Testament, death is never represented as some wonderful liberation from bodily existence that a philosopher should strive for: it is always horrible. The author of the article considers this problem of attitude to death across three dimensions: metaphysical, phenomenological, and syntactic. Syntactically, death imparts a character of logical sequence to our life, turning the totality of ?atomic facts? into fate. The image of fate makes our existence in time meanin?gful, and therefore becomes an existential phenomenology of the finitude of our existence. But eternal life does not depend on time, it is neither ?before? nor ?after?, and, hence, it is here in every tiniest moment of the present. Thus, the ?syntax of fate? determines the phenomenology of death, and the phenomenology of death determines the metaphysics of Eternity.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72964629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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What prevents our utterance on current events... (In one, two, three steps) 阻止我们对时事发表言论的是……(一、二、三步)

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2204749n

Oleg V. Nikiforov

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Bachelard en vacances: The subject of surrationalism and its functional value 巴舍拉空缺:超现实主义的主题及其功能价值

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2203621r

Marko Ristic

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Deliberative democracy - theory and practice: The case of the Belgrade citizens’ assembly 协商民主的理论与实践:以贝尔格莱德公民大会为例

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2201026j

I. Janković

{"title":"Deliberative democracy - theory and practice: The case of the Belgrade citizens’ assembly","authors":"I. Janković","doi":"10.2298/fid2201026j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2201026j","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we examine whether it is possible to improve democracy by encouraging ordinary citizens to participate in political decision-making and if participation in deliberative institutions can make citizens more competent decision-makers. By using qualitative data, we analyze the discussion from the Belgrade citizens? assembly (CA) focused on the topic of expanding the pedestrian zone in the city center. The CA was organized in Serbia for the first time, as part of a research project aimed at promoting and advancing innovative democratic practices in the Western Balkans. The goal was to encourage the involvement of citizens in discussions of public interest. Our hypothesis was that, through the process of participation and deliberation in CA, ordinary citizens can make reasonable and informed choices, increase their knowledge of the issue discussed, and become more motivated to participate in political decision-making on the local level. Our qualitative content analysis suggests that deliberation had a positive impact on participants? knowledge of the chosen topic of the assembly. It also shows that citizens used exhaustive explanations rather than brief statements, could differentiate the good arguments from the bad, and more often appealed to general rather than private interests. Participants in the assembly reported a significant increase in interest in political decision-making that affects their lives, as well as a sense of being informed about politics. Finally, we wanted to draw attention to the challenges and open questions that remain, namely those that concern the impact of a deliberative body on political decision-making in the real world.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75654587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The ethics of care in the late antique Christian discourse: (trans)historical perspectives on the social, political and philosophical value of care 晚期古代基督教话语中的关怀伦理:(跨)关怀的社会、政治和哲学价值的历史视角

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2204910o

Larisa Orlov-Vilimonovic

{"title":"The ethics of care in the late antique Christian discourse: (trans)historical perspectives on the social, political and philosophical value of care","authors":"Larisa Orlov-Vilimonovic","doi":"10.2298/fid2204910o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2204910o","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the historical context of ethics of care in early Christian discourse. The historical context of the ethics of care enables us to comprehend the ways in which ethics of care was employed and disseminated as part of political ideology and public discourse, significantly influencing the social relations of the rapidly changing Roman world between the fourth and seventh centuries. The Byzantine Empire is a prime example of a political entity in which philanthropy was the driving force behind imperial politics and social relations. Emperor Justinian?s laws, which proclaimed social justice and protection for those in need, serve as a case study for an ethics of care. Also, the ethics of care is reconfigured within the context of Byzantine theology as a theology of care, in which the primary virtue of a true Christian is his fervent love for the community (agape). The ethics of care is then examined from the perspective of gender and the newly established cult of the Theotokos, which degendered the concept of maternal thinking and maternal care by making it a universal experience and the new moral code for all Christians.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78609627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Punished death 死亡的惩罚

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2204673s

Igor Smirnov

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Political and world-historical courage in Hegel’s philosophy 黑格尔哲学中的政治勇气和世界历史勇气

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2204982h

Djordje Hristov

{"title":"Political and world-historical courage in Hegel’s philosophy","authors":"Djordje Hristov","doi":"10.2298/fid2204982h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2204982h","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to develop a distinction between two types of courage in Hegel?s philosophy: political and world-historical, in order to show the limitations of the former. The concept of political courage, or Tapferkeit, features in Hegel?s political philosophy, and signifies the wartime form of mutual trust required of the modern citizen for defense of an established constitution. World-historical courage, on the other hand, relates to the personal virtue of the ?great individual?, which acts as a force of destruction against decaying constitutions. The article shows that political courage for Hegel serves as an alternative to the idea of the contract as the foundation of state unity. However, when placed in comparison with world-historical courage, political courage does not fully correspond to its concept as defined by Hegel. I begin with Hegel?s critique of Hobbes, his rejection of the social contract theory, and his introduction of the concept of Tapferkeit as an alternative principle of political unity. In the next step I show that world-historical courage differs but also shares many similarities with political courage, which taken together reveal the limitations of the latter. In the end, I argue that only in the instance of Hegel?s conception of total war do political and world-historical courage coincide.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84625647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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“Keep up the good work, Za nas Kej!” citizens’ passive support to the local activist group “继续努力，扎纳斯·凯伊!”市民对地方运动团体的被动支持

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2201120i

Sanja Iguman, Nevena Mijatović, Sara Nikolic

{"title":"“Keep up the good work, Za nas Kej!” citizens’ passive support to the local activist group","authors":"Sanja Iguman, Nevena Mijatović, Sara Nikolic","doi":"10.2298/fid2201120i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2201120i","url":null,"abstract":"Deep-rooted political turbulence, along with the present hybrid regime, have resulted in an undesirable social, economic and political milieu in Serbia. Such an atmosphere is a fertile ground for a grey economy, corruption, nepotism and restrictions to media freedoms. These ?unconventional? means of social functioning, have caused a decline in trust towards state institutions and proportionally, increase of citizen participation in non-institutional models of engagement. The aim of this paper is to analyse one such model of non-institutional engagement: the local activist group Za nas Kej, operating in the area Savski blokovi (Sava apartment blocks) in New Belgrade. The authors analysed local residents? perception of the activist group Za nas Kej in comparison to the group?s narratives and actions. By using a grounded theory approach authors explained the role of groups such as Za Nas Kej in the development of participatory and deliberative democracy within the local community. Our data indicates that Za nas kej, despite its local character, does not have a strong foothold in the community, and thus receives only passive support. Citizens perceive Za nas kej as mediator between local institutions and residents of the Sava apartment blocks. Despite the failure to mobilise a wider group of citizens for their cause, this activist group continues to be a relevant (political) actor within the local community.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85754031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The relevance of philosophy in times of the coronavirus crisis 哲学在冠状病毒危机时期的相关性

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2201233p

J. Pavličìć, Marija Petrović, Milica Smajevic-Roljic

{"title":"The relevance of philosophy in times of the coronavirus crisis","authors":"J. Pavličìć, Marija Petrović, Milica Smajevic-Roljic","doi":"10.2298/fid2201233p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2201233p","url":null,"abstract":"The current coronavirus pandemic (SARS-CoV-2) has presented many scientific disciplines, including philosophy, with various theoretical and practical challenges. In this paper, we deal with three philosophical issues related to the pandemic and specific approaches to them. The first part of the article is dedicated to the analysis of the term ?expert,? whose significance was highlighted at the outbreak of the pandemic. By examining Plato?s ancient and Goldman?s modern understanding of this concept, we will try to emphasize the importance of expert opinion in crisis circumstances. In the second part of the paper, we will deal with the issue of public mistrust of scientific authorities as well as the problem of the flourishing of so-called conspiracy theories. Goldenberg?s and Cassam?s approach to this topic will help us see where the source of these problems might lie and what potentially harmful consequences they can produce. In the third part of the text, we list some of the main moral dilemmas we have faced since the beginning of the pandemic. Special attention is paid to Kant?s moral philosophy in which we find advice on how an individual should act in times of crisis.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86528389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1